Izikhawu emculweni

Isikhawu somculo incazelo yesilinganiso semisindo yemisindo ehlukene. Uma isikhawu sakhiwe ngaphakathi kwe-octave eyodwa, kulula.

Okuhlukile yi-tritone: lesi akusona isikhawu esilula, nakuba sidalwe ngaphakathi kwe-octave eyodwa.

Harmonic kanye melodic izikhawu

Isikhawu se-Melodic ukudlala kwamanothi amabili ngokulandelana, isikhawu se-harmonic ukudlala kwamanothi amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uhlobo lokuqala lusetshenziselwa ukwakha ingoma, okuwuchungechunge lwezikhawu. Umculo ukuvumelana kusekelwe efomini lesibili.

Phakathi kwezikhawu zomculo zihlukaniswa:

1. Ukwenyuka - isikhawu ukusuka emsindweni ophansi ukuya kophezulu.
2. Ukwehla - ukunyakaza kusuka kumsindo ophezulu kuya phansi.

Indima yezikhawu emculweni

Zisetshenziselwa ukwakha ingoma futhi zinikeze ukuzwakalisa. Ngenxa yezikhawu, ukushintshwa kwe-enharmonic komsindo owodwa noma yomibili kwenzeka. Inhlanganisela ye-metrorhythm nesikhawu yakha iphimbo. Izikhawu ze-halftone noma ithoni zincane, ngakho-ke uma zihlanganiswa, kuyaqaqamba zakhiwe . Amanothi zakhiwe ngezikhawu ezibanzi .

Ngenxa yezikhawu, ikhwalithi ye imisindo kuyacaca: okukhulu, encane , kwanda noma kwehle.

Izikhala Properties

Izikhawu zomculo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-2 amakhulu:

1. Ongwaqa yizikhawu ezinomsindo ovumelanayo nokuvumelanayo.
2. Ama-Dissonances yizikhawu ezihlabayo lapho imisindo ingavumelani khona.

Ongwaqa zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:

• okuphelele - okumsulwa okwesihlanu nokwesine;
• okungaphelele - okukhulu, okuncane kokuthathu kanye nesithupha.
• ngokuphelele - i-prima ehlanzekile futhi octave .

Ama-Dissonances okwa:

• imizuzwana;
• okwesikhombisa.

Amagama esikhawu

Lawa amagama esiLatini - izinombolo, ezibonisa indawo yesikhawu kanye nenani lezinyathelo ezihlanganisayo. Kunezikhawu ezingu-8 emculweni:

1. Kuhle.
2. Okwesibili.
3. Okwesithathu.
4. Ikwata.
5. Quint.
6. Owesithupha.
7. Okwesikhombisa.
8. enothini .

Emarekhodini, izikhathi ziboniswa ngezinombolo, ngoba zikhululekile ngale ndlela: okwesithupha kubhalwe phansi njengesithupha, okwesine - njengezine.

Kuye ngethoni, kukhona:

1. Okuhlanzekile - lezi zihlanganisa i-prima, i-quart, yesihlanu kanye octave .
2. Okuncane - imizuzwana, okwesithathu, okwesithupha, okwesikhombisa.
3. Okukhulu – futhi imizuzwana, okwesithathu, okwesithupha, okwesikhombisa.
4. Yehlisiwe.
5. izikhawu ezinwetshiwe.

Ukukhombisa ithoni, amagama abonisiwe anamathiselwe egameni lesikhawu: enkulu yesithathu, yesihlanu emsulwa, eyesikhombisa encane. Encwadini, kubonakala kanje: b.3, ingxenye 5, m.7.

Izimpendulo emibuzweni

Ividiyo enconyiwe ukuthi ibukwe

Isifinyezo

Izikhawu ziyizinsimbi zokwakha zomculo. Kukhona izikhawu ze-melodic ne-harmonic, ongwaqa futhi ama-dissonances . Kunezikhathi eziyi-8: ukuze uzifunde, kufanele ukhumbule isimiso somsindo ngamunye wabo.