I-Khomus: incazelo yensimbi, ukwakheka, umsindo, izinhlobo, indlela yokudlala

Le nsimbi ayifundiswa ezikoleni zomculo, umsindo wayo awuzwakali kuma-okhestra wezinsimbi. IKhomus iyingxenye yesiko lesizwe labantu baseSakha. Umlando wokusetshenziswa kwawo uneminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Futhi umsindo ukhethekile kakhulu, cishe "i-cosmic", ungcwele, wembula izimfihlo zokuzicabangela kulabo abangakwazi ukuzwa imisindo ye-Yakut khomus.

Yini ikhomus

UKhomus ungoweqembu lamahabhu amaJuda. Kuhlanganisa abameleli abambalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, abahluka ngaphandle ngezinga lomsindo ne-timbre. Kukhona amahabhu e-lamellar nama-arched jew. Ithuluzi lisetshenziswa abantu abahlukene emhlabeni. Ngamunye wabo ulethe okuthile okuhlukile kumklamo nomsindo. Ngakho e-Altai badlala ama-komuze ngohlaka oluyiqanda nolimi oluncane, ngakho umsindo ulula, ukhala. Futhi i-Vietnamese dan moi esesimweni sepuleti inomsindo ophakeme.

Umsindo oyingqayizivele nomangalisayo ukhiqizwa i-murchung yaseNepal, enomklamo ohlanekezelwe, okungukuthi, ulimi lunwetshwa ngakolunye uhlangothi. I-Yakut khomus inolimi olukhulisiwe, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhipha umsindo oqhephukayo, ozwakalayo, ogelezayo. Zonke izinsimbi zenziwe ngensimbi, nakuba amakhulu eminyaka ambalwa kwakukhona amasampula okhuni namathambo.

Idivayisi yethuluzi

Ikhomus yesimanje yenziwe ngensimbi. Ngokubukeka kwayo, ingeyakudala, iyisisekelo, phakathi nendawo okunolimi olunyakazayo ngokukhululekile. Isiphetho saso sigobile. Umsindo ukhiqizwa ngokunyakazisa ulimi, oludonswa ngentambo, luthintwe noma lushaywe ngomunwe. Uhlaka luyindilinga ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi lucijile ngakolunye. Engxenyeni eyindilinga yefreyimu, ulimi lunamathele, okuthi, oludlula phakathi kwama-decks, lube nomkhawulo ogobile. Ngokuyishaya, umculi wenza imisindo edlidlizayo ngosizo lomoya okhishwayo.

Umehluko kuhabhu

Zombili izinsimbi zomculo zinemvelaphi efanayo, kodwa zinokuhluka kwekhwalithi kusuka kwezinye. Umehluko phakathi kweYakut khomus nehabhu lomJuda ubude bolimi. Phakathi kwabantu baseRiphabhulikhi yaseSakha, yinde, ngakho-ke umsindo awugcini nje ngokuzwakalayo, kodwa futhi ne-crackle yesici. Ihabhu likaKhomus nelamaJuda lihluka ngebanga phakathi kwamabhodi omsindo nolimi. Ensimbini ye-Yakut, ayibalulekile kakhulu, futhi ithinta umsindo.

Umlando

Ithuluzi liqala umlando walo kudala ngaphambi kokufika kwenkathi yethu ngesikhathi umuntu efunda ukubamba umnsalo, imicibisholo, amathuluzi asendulo. Abantu basendulo babeyenza ngamathambo ezilwane nangokhuni. Kukhona inguqulo ama-Yakuts anake ngayo imisindo eyenziwa yisihlahla esiphulwa umbani. Isivunguvungu ngasinye somoya sasenza umsindo omnandi, udlikiza umoya phakathi kokhuni oluhlukene. ESiberia naseRiphabhulikhi yaseTyva, amathuluzi enziwe ngesisekelo sokhuni aye alondolozwa.

Ikhomus eyayivame kakhulu yayiphakathi kwabantu abakhuluma isiTurkic. Elinye lamakhophi asendulo atholakala endaweni yezizwe zaseXiongnu eMongolia. Ososayensi bacabanga ngokuzethemba ukuthi yasetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-3 BC. E-Yakutia, abavubukuli bathole izinsimbi zomculo eziningi zomculo emingcwabeni yama-shamanic. Zihlotshiswe ngemihlobiso emangalisayo, incazelo yayo izazi-mlando kanye nezazi-mlando zobuciko ezingenakukwazi ukuyiqaqa.

AmaShaman, esebenzisa i-timbre rolling umsindo wamahabhu amaJuda, avula indlela yawo eya kweminye imihlaba, afinyelela ukuvumelana okuphelele nomzimba, owabona ukundindizela. Ngosizo lwemisindo, abantu baseSakha bafunda ukubonisa imizwelo, imizwa, ukulingisa ulimi lwezilwane nezinyoni. Umsindo wekhomus wafaka abalaleli kanye nabadlali ngokwabo esimweni sokulawula. Yile ndlela ama-shaman athola ngayo umphumela we-extrasensory, owasiza ukwelapha abagula ngengqondo futhi wakhulula ngisho nezifo ezinzima.

Le nsimbi yomculo ayizange isatshalaliswe kubantu base-Asia kuphela. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuye kwaphawulwa naseLatin America. Yalethwa lapho abathengisi ababehamba ngenkuthalo phakathi kwamazwekazi ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX nele-XNUMX. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ihabhu lavela eYurophu. Imisebenzi yomculo engajwayelekile yakhe yadalwa ngumqambi wase-Austrian uJohann Albrechtsberger.

Idlalwa kanjani ikhomus

Ukudlala le nsimbi kuhlale kuyi-improvisation, lapho umenzi ebeka khona imizwelo nemicabango. Kodwa kukhona amakhono ayisisekelo okufanele acatshangelwe ukuze akwazi kahle i-khomus futhi afunde ukukhiqiza ingoma ehambisanayo. Ngesandla sabo sobunxele, abaculi babamba ingxenye eyindilinga yohlaka, amabhodi omsindo acindezelwa emazinyweni abo. Ngomunwe wokukhomba wesandla sokudla, bashaya ulimi, okufanele ludlidlize ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kokuthinta amazinyo. Ungakwazi ukukhulisa umsindo ngokuvala izindebe zakho emzimbeni. Ukuphefumula kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni komculo. Edonsa umoya kancane, umenzi welula umsindo. Ukushintsha esikalini, ukugcwaliswa kwayo nakho kuncike ekudlidlizeni kolimi, ukunyakaza kwezindebe.

Intshisekelo ku-khomus, elahlekile kancane ngokufika kwamandla aseSoviet, ikhula emhlabeni wanamuhla. Leli thuluzi alizwakali kuphela ezindlini zama-Yakuts, kodwa nasemidlalweni yamaqembu esizwe. Isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni zesintu kanye ne-ethno, ivula amathuba amasha kuze kube sekupheleni kwethuluzi elingahloliwe.