I-Khromka: kuyini, ukwakheka kwensimbi, umlando, umsindo

Amasiko endabuko yaseRussia awakwazi ukucabanga ngaphandle kwe-accordion. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zazo. Enye ethandwa kakhulu yi-accordion ekhubazekile. Ibusa emculweni wesizwe iminyaka engaphezu kwesigamu. I-Khromka kwakuyinsimbi eyintandokazi kamethuli odumile, umsunguli wohlelo lwe-TV Dlala i-Accordion! Gennady Zavolokin.

Yini i-chrome

Noma iyiphi i-accordion iyinsimbi yomculo yomhlanga womoya ene-keyboard-pneumatic mechanism. I-chrome, njengamanye amalungu omndeni, inemigqa emibili yokhiye emaceleni. Izihluthulelo zohlangothi lwesokudla zinesibopho sokwakheka komculo oyinhloko, ohlangothini lwesobunxele likuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe amabhesi nama-chords. Amakhiphedi axhunywe ngegumbi loboya. Nguye obhekene nokukhipha umsindo ngokuphoqa umoya.

Umsindo uncike endleleni umculi enza ngayo izinkinobho noboya. I-accordion ibizwa nangokuthi imigqa emibili. Inemigqa emibili yokhiye, ngokungafani ne-accordion yenkinobho, enemigqa emithathu.

Umlando wemvelaphi

Namuhla, kaningi ungabona i-chroma harmonica enenombolo emisiwe yezihluthulelo - 25 kukhibhodi engakwesokudla, kwesobunxele kunenombolo efanayo. Bekungenjalo njalo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-21, "abasenyakatho" bavela eRussia, ababenezinkinobho ezingu-23, bese kuba ezingu-12 kukhibhodi engakwesokudla. Bekukhona okhiye be-bass-chord abangu-XNUMX.

Ukhokho we-harmonica yaseRussia kwakuyi "wreath", eyathuthukiswa ngamakhosi amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngokusho kwenguqulo eyodwa, kukholakala ukuthi i-khromka yadalwa eTula, idolobha labadwebi. Ukushintsha kwezinsimbi zezwi kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi i-harmonica yaqala ukunikeza umsindo ofanayo lapho icindezela futhi isusa umsindo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lwahlala lwe-diatonic. Ukuze unwebe ububanzi bokhiye, ingxenye engenhla yekhibhodi ithole imisindo eminingana ye-chromatic. Lapha yilapho igama lensimbi livela khona.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-25, i-accordion yashintsha ngokuphelele ezinye izinhlobo. Abadlali bathande ukusebenzisa insimbi enemigqa emibili. Wayevumela ukudlala noma yimuphi umculo, umsebenzi, ingoma. Ama-chrome anamuhla angase ahluke komunye nomunye, kodwa ajwayelekile anegama elithi 25 × 27, elibonisa inani lezinkinobho ezintanyeni. Bambalwa abantu abakhumbula namuhla ukuthi isiqhwala sasingenawo ama-semitones amathathu, kodwa amaningi afika amahlanu. Futhi entanyeni enkulu bekukhona izinkinobho eziyi-XNUMX. Lesi sici sokuklama sinikeze ithuluzi amathuba amaningi okudlala imiculo. Maye, i-accordion ayizange ingene ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi.

Idivayisi yethuluzi

Izinsimbi zezwi zinesibopho somsindo wezinyonga. Lawa amafreyimu ensimbi lapho ulimi lugxile khona. Iphimbo lomsindo liyashintsha kuye ngosayizi walo. Ulimi lukhulu, umsindo uyancipha. Umoya uhlinzekwa kuma-slats ngohlelo lweziteshi zomoya ngamavalvu. Bavula baphinde bavale ngokucindezela komculi emabhathini. Wonke umshini utholakala kumadekhi, axhunywe ngamabhongo. Ama-Fers agoqwe ngosizo lwe-borins, inombolo yawo ingaba kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-40.

Ukulandelana komsindo

Abaculi abaningi banombuzo olungile, kungani i-accordion ibizwa ngokuthi ikhubazekile? Isikali sensimbi sisekelwe esikalini esikhulu, esisikisela okuqukethwe kwe-diatonic. Akunakwenzeka ukudlala wonke ama-Sharps namaflethi kule harmonica. Inama-semitones amathathu kuphela. Abadlali ngokwabo baqala ukuyibiza kanjalo, beqaphela ukuthi insimbi ifana kakhulu ne-accordion yenkinobho ye-chromatic enemigqa emithathu.

Ikhibhodi engakwesokudla inemigqa emibili enama-pawn angama-25. Isikali sikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe izikali ezinkulu ukusuka ku-“C” kweyokuqala ukuya ku-“C” ye-octave yesine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ama-semitones amathathu. Izinkinobho zokukhipha ziphezulu kakhulu.

Ikhibhodi engakwesokunxele isetshenziselwa ukuhambisana. Ububanzi bayo buyi-octave eyodwa enkulu. Amabhesi akhishwa kokuthi “Do” kuye kokuthi “Si” kwe-octave enkulu. I-Khromka ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe amabhesi kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-chords aphelele ngokucindezela okukodwa kwama-pawn. Ukudlala kungenzeka ngokhiye ababili abakhulu (“Yenza” kanye “noSi”), kukhiye owodwa omncane – “A-minor”.

Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ezinhlobonhlobo ze-harmonica. Namuhla kunezinhlobo eziningana: Nizhny Novgorod, Kirillov, Vyatka. Azifani nje kuphela ngokuklama, zinomklamo oyingqayizivele. Umdwebo wesici kuma-furs wenza i-accordion ibonakale, usetha isimo sengqondo somdlali we-accordion nabalaleli emikhosini yabantu, amaholide, nemibuthano.