Concertina: incazelo insimbi, ukwakheka, umlando, izinhlobo, indlela ukudlala

Inkumbulo kusukela ebuntwaneni igcine inombolo ehlekisayo yomlingisi osekisini. Emaphaketheni esudi, umdwebi wakhipha ama-harmonicas. Ngayinye yincane kuneyangaphambili. Yeka ukuthi kwamangala kanjani lapho, ngenkathi ngibuka ukurekhodwa kwekhonsathi yomculo wesintu wase-Ireland, insimbi efanayo ibonakala ezandleni zomculi - i-harmonica encane enhle.

Iyini ikhonsathi

Insimbi yomculo ye-concertina iyilungu lomndeni we-harmonica wesandla kanye nesihlobo se-harmonica edumile yaseRashiya. Abaculi benza imiculo yesintu emangalisayo kuyo. Ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi i-concertino, kodwa lokhu akulungile, ngoba leli gama, elihunyushwe lisuka ku-Italian, lisho ikhonsathi.

Design

Ngokwesakhiwo, ithuluzi liqukethe:

1. Amagobolondo amahhafu amabili: elokudla elinokhiye be-fretboard bokuhola umculo kanye nelesobunxele elihambisanayo.
2. Igumbi loboya (ukubhodla) ukudala ingcindezi yokugeleza komoya ngaphakathi kwethuluzi.
3. Isihlakala, isihlakala, amabhande ehlombe kanye nezihibe zesithupha.

Ingaphakathi lama-semi-hulls lihlanganisa:

• uhlelo lokusebenzisa amandla;
• I-valve
• ama-resonators;
• imigoqo yezwi.

Izakhi zokugcina zokuklama ama-harmonics zibhekwa njengeziyinhloko.

izinhlobonhlobo

Ikhonsathi ingeyezinsimbi ze-orchestra futhi imele umndeni wama-harmonicas aseYurophu: amakhonsathi esiNgisi nesiJalimane, i-bandoneon ne-accordion.

Ngokuya ngesistimu yokukhipha umsindo, izinhlobo ezintathu zingahlukaniswa:

• 30-izinkinobho Anglo (Anglo) kanye 20-izinkinobho Dutch (Dutch);
• IsiNgisi (isiNgisi) esinenombolo ehlukile yezinkinobho;
• i-duet - i-symbiosis yazo zombili izinhlobo.

Ngomgomo ojwayelekile wokukhipha umsindo - ukukhama nokukhipha izifutho - ziyahlukahluka endleleni insimbi yokuphefumula yomhlanga exhunywe ngayo ezandleni zomculi.

Umlando

I-England ithathwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yaleli thuluzi. Yasungulwa nguCharles Wheatstone ngo-1827. Inkosi yaqala ukudala insimbi yomoya enezinkinobho, eyazuza njengefa i-harmonica encane, eyayinelungelo lobunikazi ngo-1833. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ekwenzeni isiliva, i-harmonica yayinezindleko eziphezulu.

Ngonyaka odlule, ngo-1832, inkosi yaseJalimane uFriedrich Uhlig yakha ikhonsathi yesikwele saseJalimane (Dutch). Intengo eshibhile, yaduma eYurophu.

Umehluko phakathi kwabo wawungekho nje ngentengo, kodwa futhi nemisindo eyenziwe. Imisindo yesiNgisi iyafana, imisindo yesiJalimane ihlukile.

E-Russia, ikhonsathi yavela ngeminyaka yama-XNUMXs njengensimbi yomculo ehambisana nokucula kwamakhwaya. Kamuva yathola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabantu abafundile ngomculo.

Idlalwa kanjani ikhonsathi

Uma idlalwa, imisindo ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa imigqa emine yezinkinobho kumadekhi amabili.

Amanothi abhalwe emigqeni yamanothi adlalwa ngesandla sobunxele endaweni engezansi. Amanothi phakathi kwemigqa - ngesandla sokudla endaweni ephezulu.

Ukudlala insimbi ngokubhonsa kuthola isikali esikhanyayo se-chromatic.

Abadlali abadumile

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-harmonic yaqala ukunyamalala. Ushushiso lwayenza yaba insimbi yomculo yama-eccentrics nama-clowns. Kodwa ama-Scots nama-Irish asathembekile kuwo, okuthi, njengama-harmonicas ethu, abe ubunikazi bezwe.

I-Gyroid O Holmherein, Noel Hill nabanye baphawuleka phakathi kwama-harmonists aseNtshonalanga adumile.

U-Valentin Osipov, i-virtuoso yokwenza imisebenzi yakudala ku-concertina, nomdlali we-couplet u-Nikolai Bandurin baziwa ezweni lakithi namuhla.