Isifundo 6

Nasi isifundo sokugcina futhi, mhlawumbe, esithakazelisa kakhulu sesifundo. Lapha ungakwazi ekugcineni ukusebenzisa ulwazi olutholiwe. Isibonelo, khetha ukuthi iyiphi insimbi yomculo engcono kakhulu ongayifunda, noma funda okuthile okusha mayelana nokuba ingcweti kwensimbi osuvele uyidlala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi sifundo uzothola izixhumanisi zezincwadi namavidiyo okufundisa azokwenza kube lula kuwe ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqala ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa insimbi yomculo oyithakaselayo.

Sincoma ukuthi ufunde ngazo zonke izinsimbi, noma ngabe usunqumile ngokuncamelayo komculo. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ama-horizons akho futhi kwenze kube lula ukuhlanganyela nabanye abaculi uma ufuna ukudlala eqenjini.

Iliphi ithuluzi ongakhetha kulo

Uma ungathanda ukufunda ukudlala insimbi yomculo kodwa ungazi ukuthi iyiphi, funda ukudlala isiginci noma ivayolini. Uma kunjalo kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuzifaka endaweni engaphansi komhlaba kunophiyano noma ikhithi yesigubhu, ngakho ukwenza imali ngekhono kuzoba lula ngokombono wenhlangano. Yiqiniso, lokhu kuyihlaya. Eqinisweni, upiyano uyiNkosi yezinsimbi zomculo. Upiyano lubhekwa njengohlobo oluyinhloko lwepiyano, futhi wupiyano olunconywayo ekufundiseni kokuqala komculo ezinganeni.

Upiyano noPiyano

Ipiyano yokuqala yahlanganiswa umenzi we-harpsichord wase-Italy u-Bartolomeo Cristofori ngo-1709. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-pianoforte. Lawa amathuluzi anezintambo ezivundlile ngaphakathi emzimbeni, okuhlanganisa upiyano olukhulu nepiyano engama-quadrangular, nezinsimbi ezinezintambo eziqondile ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ezihlanganisa upiyano, ihabhu yepiyano, i-piano buffet nezinye izinguquko zensimbi.

Kufiseleka kakhulu ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqala endimeni yomculo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukathisha. Okokuqala, ungase udinge iseluleko noma amasevisi ochwepheshe ukuze ushune insimbi yakho yomculo. Ungahlola ukuthi insimbi yakho ishunwe kahle kangakanani ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Pano Tuner ngokuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi lufinyelele imakrofoni. Lokhu kubukeka kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-interface:

Masicacise ukuthi ngokuzenzakalelayo noma iyiphi ishuna yezinsimbi zomculo ihlelwa kusengaphambili ngefrikhwensi engu-440 Hz, ehambisana nenothi elithi “la” le-octave yoku-1. Ukuxhumana kokhiye wenothi ujwayelene nawe esifundweni sokuqala, ngakho-ke, ngokucindezela noma yimuphi ukhiye, ungakwazi ukuqonda kalula ukuthi inothi elifanele yini, futhi indawo eluhlaza ngaphezu kwegama lesiLatini izokwazisa uma ukuchezuka komsindo kungaphakathi. ububanzi obamukelekayo noma insimbi idinga ukucutshungulwa kabusha okukhulu . Khumbula futhi ukuthi kanjani amanothi ekhibhodi yepiyano:

Futhi isizathu sesibili sokuthi kungani ulwazi lokuqala lwensimbi yomculo kufanele luqalwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukathisha. Ngayo yonke insada yezinto zomculo ku-inthanethi, njengoba ochwepheshe bethi, ngeke bakwazi "ukufaka isandla sakho lapho engekho" ukuze udlale kahle futhi ungakhathali.

Ukuzithiba lapha nakho akunakwenzeka ukusiza, ngoba umdlali wepiyano oyimfundamakhwela akahlali ebona ngokwanele ukuthi yini okufanele ayilawule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izifundo zevidiyo ze-YouTube, ngisho nalezo ezilungiselelwe kahle kakhulu, ezinaka kakhulu ukubekwa kwezandla. Noma okungenani bakukhumbuze ukuthi izandla kufanele zibe cishe endaweni lapho kulula ukubamba khona, kodwa hhayi ukukhama i-apula.

Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuya kuthisha ngisho nesifundo se-intanethi, funda kusengaphambili amathiphu mayelana nokufaneleka okulungile nokubeka izandla, anikezwe umbhali wencwadi ethi "Phinda futhi mayelana nepiyano" [M. Moskalenko, 2007]. Ukuze uthole ukucaca, ungafunda isifundo esikhethekile sokufika ensimbi kanye nokubeka izandla. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ufika okwesibili esifundweni, kodwa uma wena ufunde kuqala, ngicabanga ukuthi umbhali ngeke acasuke:

Ngemva kwalokho, qala ukuzifundela izifundo ezitholakala ku-inthanethi. Uma ucabangela ukuthi usucishe uqede izifundo zethu ezisekelweni zethiyori yomculo, ungathatha isifundo esisikisela ngokushesha ukuthi uqale ngokwakha izingoma. Futhi ungakwazi ukusingatha lokhu:

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukutusa ukuze uzazi "Piano Playing Tutorial", lapho ungakwazi ukuvumelanisa ulwazi olutholiwe ithiyori yomculo maqondana nale nsimbi yomculo [D. Tishchenko, 2011]. Usuvele wazi okuningi, ngoba. saqala ukwazana kancane kancane nezinsimbi zekhibhodi esifundweni sokuqala. Futhi uma ulahlekelwe ukukhetha ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwento okufanele uziqeqeshele kuyo amakhono akho omculo, singakweluleka “Okuhithi Kwesimanje Kwangaphandle Kuhlelo Olulula Lwepiyano” [K. UHerold, 1].

Kulabo abangenayo indawo yokubeka upiyano ekhaya noma abangathanda ukwazi inguqulo yesimanje yomsindo wekhibhodi, siphakamisa ukuthi siqale ukufunda ukudlala i-synthesizer.

I-Synthesizer

Uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi umculo we-elekthronikhi usemfashinini namuhla, futhi amaqembu e-pop nawe-rock avame ukusebenzisa i-synthesizer njengokwesekwa kwezinsimbi, siphakamisa ukukwazi kangcono. Ngokungafani nepiyano evamile, ikhibhodi ye-synthesizer evamile ihlanganisa ama-octave angu-5 esikhundleni sika-7. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ububanzi bepiyano busuka ku-contra-octave ukuya kwe-octave yesine, ububanzi be-synthesizer busuka kwenkulu kuye kweyesithathu.

Uma kunesidingo, ungagudluza (uguqule) ukhiye wekhibhodi futhi uthole onawo i-octave yesine elahlekile (uma ishintshelwe phezulu) noma i-counteroctave (uma iguqulelwe phansi). Umsindo uwonke uzohlala ufana, okungukuthi ama-octave angu-5, kodwa uzovala ububanzi ukusuka ku-octave yekhawunta kuye kweyesibili i-octave, noma ukusuka ku-octave encane ukuya kweyesine.

Kunamasampula ama-synthesizer ama-octave angu-3-4 kuphela, kodwa awavamile kakhulu futhi awasebenzi kakhulu ekusebenzeni. Uma sikhuluma nje, umculi u-Ani Lorak, nohlu lwakhe lwama-octave angu-4,5, ubengeke abe nethuluzi elinjalo ngisho nokucula nokufudumala izwi lakhe.

Kunezifundo eziningi ku-inthanethi zokusiza abaculi abasaqalayo. Kungcono ukukhetha lezo zifundo lapho ukwaziswa kuhlelwe kusuka kokulula kuya kokuyinkimbinkimbi. Inketho engcono kakhulu yilapho ukuqeqeshwa kuhambisana nesithangami sesethulo sendlela yokusebenzisa ingxenye ye-elekthronikhi ye-synthesizer nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi eyengeziwe, ngaphandle kokudlala umculo empeleni, etholakala lapho. Isibonelo, ungathatha isifundo samahhala esikufundisa ukuthi udlala kanjani futhi usebenze ngokusebenza i-Yamaha PSR-2000/2100 synthesizer:

Kunezifundo ezingu-8 eziphelele kulesi sifundo, ezihlanganisa imiqondo eyisisekelo yethiyori yomculo maqondana nokudlala i-synthesizer, kanye nezici ezikhethekile zama-synthesizer ezinye izinsimbi eziningi ezingenazo. Isibonelo, ama-synthesizer namapiyano edijithali anesici esihambisana ngokuzenzakalela.

Uma ufuna ukufunda ukuthi ungayidlala kanjani insimbi yekhibhodi, kodwa ongahamba nayo uma uye ephathini noma uyivakashele, khetha i-accordion.

Accordion

I-accordion iyinsimbi ethandwa yizizukulwane eziningi zaseYurophu naseRussia. Yasungulwa ngo-1829 ngumenzi wezitho wase-Austrian wase-Armenia uKirill Demyan, futhi amadodana akhe uGuido noKarl bamsiza kulokhu.

Kokhokho bethu nokhokho bethu, washintsha umculo waleli qembu lonke emidansweni ngenxa yokuntuleka kwalokhu emaqenjini asemaphandleni. Kuye ngemodeli, inkinobho yesokunxele ye-accordion ingadlala amanothi e-bass noma ama-chords wonke. Eqinisweni, kulapho igama lensimbi "i-accordion" lavela khona. Ibanga lohlangothi lwesobunxele lwamamodeli amaningi ajwayelekile lisuka ku-“fa” ye-contra octave kuya kunothi elithi “mi” le-octave enkulu.

Ikhibhodi etholakala ku-accordion ngakwesokudla, okungukuthi ngaphansi kwesandla sokudla se-accordionist, efana nekhibhodi yepiyano. Isilinganiso samamodeli amaningi we-accordion siqala ngo-“fa” we-octave encane futhi sithwebula inothi elithi “la” le-octave yesi-3. Amasampuli okhiye abangu-45 adlala kububanzi obusuka ku-“mi” ye-octave encane, thatha inothi “ukuya” ku-octave yesi-4 futhi ube nomsebenzi obalulekile wokuguqula. Irejista ye-Bassoon yehlisa ububanzi nge-octave eyodwa, irejista ye-Piccolo iphakamisa ububanzi nge-octave eyodwa.

Kungcono ukuqala ukufunda ukudlala i-accordion nothisha, kodwa uma unolwazi oluthile ngamakhibhodi, ungathatha umsebenzi ngokwakho. Ngokwesibonelo, ungabona Izifundo zevidiyo ze-YouTube:

Nencwadi ethi “School of playing the accordion” [G. Naumov, L. Londonov, 1977]. Uma ufuna ukwethula izingane ngaleli thuluzi elihle kakhulu, sincoma incwadi ethi “Ukufunda ukudlala amanothi: isifundo sokuqala sokudlala i-accordion yezingane” [L. Bitkova, 2016].

Accordion

Insimbi yomculo ebukeka njenge-accordion, enezinkinobho kuphela esikhundleni sokhiye ohlangothini lwesokudla, ibizwa ngokuthi i-accordion yenkinobho. Izinhlobonhlobo zamamodeli zikhulu kakhulu: ohlangothini lwesokudla lungaba nemigqa yezinkinobho ezi-3 kuye kwezingu-6, ohlangothini lwesobunxele - imigqa yezinkinobho ezingu-5-6. Ungathola umbono ojwayelekile wokuthi idlalwa kanjani insimbi ngokuyibheka ividiyo yokufundisa evela ku-youtube:

Ulwazi oluningi oluwusizo lungatholwa encwadini ethi “Tutorial for playing the button accordion” [A. Basurmanov, 1989]. Kunezisekelo zokuqanjwa komculo ngokuhlobene naleli thuluzi kanye nomculo wokuzifundela wena. Futhi sizoqhubeka nokujwayelana nezinsimbi zomculo ezifunwa kakhulu.

Isiginci, isiginci sikagesi, isiginci se-bass

Yiqiniso, isiginci singenye yezinsimbi ezithandwa kakhulu nezithandwayo. Isiginci singahlotshaniswa nezothando nesihluku, i-blues ne-rock, izingoma zasegcekeni kanye ne-pop etholakala yonke indawo. Abandulela isiginci - izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo ezinomzimba onomsindo - zaziwa kusukela ngenkulungwane yesi-2 BC.

Okuthile okufana nohlobo lwegitala lwanamuhla kungabonakala emidwebeni yabaculi bamakhulu eminyaka adlule. Isibonelo, esithombeni somculi wase-Dutch u-Jan Vermeer "I-Guitarist", yango-1672. Ekhanda lentamo, ungabona izikhonkwane ezingu-6 - amadivaysi okunamathisela izintambo ezingu-6. Lapha ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwalo mdwebo:

Kunamamodeli amaningi esiginci se-acoustic akhiqizwa namuhla. Lapha kufanelekile ukwenza incazelo encane. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokudideka mayelana nokuthi yini ethathwa njengesiginci se-acoustic nokuthi yini eyakudala. Empeleni, noma isiphi isiginci esinebhodi lomsindo elingenalutho (umzimba) siyisiginci se-acoustic. Lena imodeli yesigingci sakudala. Kodwa-ke, amagama avame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zeziginci.

iziginci ezivamile ngaphandle kokukhulisa umsindo okwengeziwe:

Nakulokhu futhi, sicacisa ukuthi lokhu kuhlukaniswa kunemibandela. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinhlobo, kukhona iziginci zikagesi nama-bass guitar. I-bass guitar empeleni iyafana nesiginci sikagesi, sisebenzisa isimiso esifanayo sokukhulisa i-amplification, kodwa izincazelo ezahlukene nazo zisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa.

Iziginci ezinesandiso esengeziwe somsindo:

Isiginci se-electro-acoustic sibukeka sifana ncamashi nesiginci esivamile, kodwa sinembobo yokuxhuma kumsindo we-combo amplifier, obizwa ngokuthi “i-combo” phakathi kwabashaya isiginci. Isiginci sikagesi esinezintambo eziyisi-6 siwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesiginci. Isiginci se-bass - isiginci sikagesi esifanayo, kodwa esinomsindo we-bass ophansi (i-octave ephansi).

Kumongo womsindo, amagama ambalwa adinga ukushiwo mayelana nokushuna isiginci. Ukushuna kwesiginci okujwayelekile kulapho izintambo ezingu-6 ukusuka kogqinsi kakhulu kuye kwelincane kakhulu zishunwa kumanothi E, A, D, G, B, E. Usuvele wazi ukuthi lawa amanothi “mi”, “la”, “re” , “sol” “si”, “mi”. Umehluko phakathi kweyunithi yezinhlamvu zika-E “eziqinile” kanye “nezacile” ama-octaves amabili. Kuyoba kuhle uma ufunda futhi ukhumbule indawo yamanothi ku-fretboard yesiginci:

Kusiginci se-bass, izintambo ezi-4 ukusuka kokujiya kakhulu kuye kwezincane kakhulu zishunwa kanje ukuze ziye ku-E, A, D, G, kodwa i-octave ephansi kunesiginci sikagesi esivamile. Ukucushwa kwamabhesi anezintambo ezi-5 nezingu-6 kuncike ekutheni iyunithi yezinhlamvu eyengeziwe iqhamuke ngaluphi uhlangothi. Iyunithi yezinhlamvu eyengeziwe engaphezulu (eminyene) ishunwa kunothi elithi “si”, bese kuthi elengeza eliphansi (elincanyana) kunothi elithi “yenza”. Kukhona amasampula amabhesi wezintambo ezingu-7, 8, 10 kanye ne-12, kodwa ayivelakancane, ngakho-ke ngeke sizicabangele.

Ungawabamba kanjani ngekhanda amanothi esiginci? Lokhu akunzima, ngoba. indawo yamanothi ku-fretboard ithobela imithetho. Okokuqala, intambo ecindezelwe ku-5th fret izwakala kunothi elifanayo nentambo evulekile (engaboshiwe) ngaphansi kwayo.

Ngamanye amazwi, uma ucindezela iyunithi yezinhlamvu yesi-6 (esinda kakhulu) ku-5th fret, izozwakala kunothi elithi “A” ngokuhambisana neyunithi yezinhlamvu engezansi. Uma ucindezela iyunithi yezinhlamvu yesi-5 ku-5th fret, izozwakala kunothi elithi “D” kanye neyunithi yezinhlamvu yesi-4 evulekile. Okuhlukile yiyunithi yezinhlamvu yesi-3. Ukuze uthole umsindo weyunithi yezinhlamvu yesibili evulekile, udinga ukubamba iyunithi yezinhlamvu yesi-2 ku-3th fret. Ngendlela, abanikazi bendlebe enhle yomculo bashuna isiginci ngendlebe ku-4th fret. Ukuze kube lula, siphawule lolu hlelo esithombeni:

Iphethini yesibili iwukuhlelwa kwamanothi ngohlamvu “G”. Ungathola inothi elifanayo line-octave ephakeme uma uhlehlisa ama-frets angu-2 ukuya emzimbeni wesiginci kanye nezintambo ezi-2 phansi. Lena iphethini yezintambo ezingu-4-6. Ocingweni lwesi-3, udinga ukuhlehlisa ama-frets angu-3 abheke emzimbeni kanye nezintambo ezi-2 phansi. Lena iphethini yezintambo ezingu-1-3. Hlola umdwebo olandelayo:

Ake sibeke ngamafuphi amaphethini ayisisekelo okuhlelwa kwamanothi ku-fretboard yesiginci:

Manje wazi kahle ukuthi iyiphi inothi iyunithi yezinhlamvu okufanele ikhale kuyo ngesikhathi ngasinye. Ngendlela, kungcono ukushintsha izintambo zabasha ngaphambi kokuqala izifundo, ngaphandle uma isiginci sakho sisuka ngqo esitolo, lapho bebeka khona izintambo ezintsha nawe noma okungenani baqinisekise ukuthi "bagcina umugqa". Inkulumo ethi "gcina uzwile" isho ukuthi zingaculwa futhi isiginci esishuniwe singadlalwa isikhathi esithile ngaphandle kokushuna.

Ukuvama kokulungiswa okulandelayo kuncike endleleni yokudlala: uma indlela inolaka, isistimu iduka ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nesonto elingasebenzi lidinga ukubhekwa kabusha kwesistimu nokulungiswa. Futhi isiginci esihlale ku-mezzanine iminyaka engu-2-3 sidinga ukushintshwa okuphoqelekile kwezintambo uma ufuna ukuthola umsindo ovamile.

Ukushuna, ungasebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza olukhethekile lwe-Guitar Tuna ngokulanda ku-Google Play futhi uvumele ukufinyelela kumakrofoni. Uvele uthinte intambo bese ulinda ibhiphu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ishunwe iphimbo elifanele noma cha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungakwazi ukulawula inqubo yokulungisa esikalini, lapho kuzokhonjiswa khona ukuchezuka okuvumelekile. Ukubheka esithombeni esingezansi, uyaqonda ngokushesha ukuthi iyunithi yezinhlamvu engu-E ekusiginci ayicushwanga kahle futhi idinga ukucushwa kahle:

Kodwa intambo ye-A icushwe kahle futhi ayidingi ukulungiswa:

Ukushuna kahle kwenziwa ngokujikisa izikhonkwane ku-headstock: vula uze uzwe i-beep emnandi futhi ubone uphawu lokuhlola esikrinini. Futhi manje mayelana nomdlalo.

Kungcono ukuqala ukufunda ngaphansi kokuqondiswa uthisha onolwazi, hhayi nje umuntu odlala kangcono kunawe. Uthisha uyazi ukuthi "ungabeka kanjani isandla" ngendlela efanele, futhi kuzosiza ukugwema amaphutha amakhulu ekufikeni nasekubekeni izandla. Ngendlela, isandla kufanele sifane ncamashi nalapho udlala upiyano, indlela yokubamba i-apula, kodwa uyikhame.

Iphuzu lesibili eliyisihluthulelo: umunwe omncane akufanele "ushiye" noma "ufihle" ngaphansi kwebha, ngisho noma kubonakala kuwe ukuthi kulula kakhulu.

Futhi, ekugcineni, kungcono ukunikela isifundo sokuqala sesethulo emsebenzini wesandla sokunene, futhi singasebenzisi isandla sobunxele esifundweni sokuqala. Okungenani, le nqubo ilandelwa othisha abaningi lapho besebenza nezingane.

Uma ukhetha ukuzenzela yonke into, okuhlanganisa nokufunda ukudlala isiginci, ku-YouTube ungathola ividiyo yokufundisa:

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye othisha kwesinye isikhathi banikela ngesifundo samahhala se-inthanethi sabaqalayo, nokho, okokuqala, ukubhaliswa kwangaphambili kuyadingeka lapho, futhi okwesibili, okunikezwayo kuvame ukukhawulelwa ngesikhathi. Sake saba nenhlanhla yokubona isifundo samahhala "Isiginci ezinsukwini ezingu-7", kodwa udinga ukuvakashela leli sayithi njalo futhi mhlawumbe uzoba nenhlanhla nawe.

Ezincwadini, singancoma incwadi ethi “Guitar for Dummies” [M. Philips, D. Chappel, 2008]. Kulabo abafisa ukwazi kahle isiginci sikagesi, singaluleka “Isifundo Sokudlala Isigingci sikagesi”, esihambisana nesifundo somsindo [D. Ageev, 2017]. Umbhali ofanayo ukulungisele “Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wezingoma Zesiginci” [D. Ageev, 2015]. Futhi, ekugcineni, kwabadlala isiginci sebhesi bakusasa, “isifundo seSikole sokudlala isiginci sebhesi” [L. Morgen, 1983]. Okulandelayo, siqhubeka nesihloko sezinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo.

I-Violin

Enye insimbi yomculo enezintambo ethandwayo, kodwa kakade evela eqenjini elikhotheme, ivayolini. Ukubukeka, okuseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kwesimanje, kwatholwa i-violin ngekhulu le-16. Ivayolini inezintambo ezingu-4, ezishunwe ngokulandelana kokuthi “sol” ye-octave encane, “re” ye-octave yokuqala, “la” ye-octave yoku-1, “mi” ye-octave yesi-1. Uma ubala izikhawu, ungabona ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwamanothi ezintambo eziseduze ama-semitones angu-2, okungukuthi okwesihlanu.

Labo abafisa ukufunda ukudlala i-violin kufanele baqale izifundo ngaphansi kokuqondisa komfundisi onolwazi, ngoba lapha kubalulekile hhayi kuphela "ukubeka izandla zakho", kodwa futhi ubambe umnsalo ngendlela efanele futhi ubambe ithuluzi ngokuphepha ehlombe lakho. Kulabo abafisa ukufunda bebodwa, singancoma uchungechunge lwezifundo ezimfushane zemizuzu embalwa, eziqala ngokujwayelekile. ukwazi ithuluzi:

Ezincwadini, “Isifundo Sokudlala Ivayolini” sizoba usizo [E. Zhelnova, 2007]. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungafunda incwadi ethi "Isikole sami sokudlala ivayolini", eyabhalwa umculi wevayolini odumile wasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 uLeopold Auer futhi lisasebenza nanamuhla [L. Auer, 1965]. Ngokusho komlobi, unqume ukuhlela amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kumdlali we-violinist futhi abelane ngolwazi lwakhe siqu.

Izinsimbi zomoya

Iqembu elikhulu lezinsimbi zomculo izinsimbi ezifuthwayo. Umlando wabo uhlehlela emuva eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezi-5. Phakathi kwabantu basendulo, ukufana kwecilongo noma uphondo lwesimanje kwakuyindlela ethengekayo yokudlulisa isignali ezindaweni ezikude, futhi izingoma zokuqala zaziwusizo ngokukhethekile ngokwemvelo: ngenhlanganisela eyodwa yemisindo ukwazisa ngomcimbi othile (isibonelo, ukusondela kwebutho lesitha noma izilwane zasendle).

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imiculo yahluka kakhulu, nezinsimbi ngokwazo nazo. Namuhla ziningi kakhulu, futhi kukhona ngisho nezigaba eziningana ezivumela ukucacisa ukuhlukana kwazo okuyisisekelo. Pho, zihluke kanjani?

Ukuhlukaniswa ngomthombo oyinhloko wokushintshashintsha:

Isigaba sesibili esibalulekile sezinsimbi zomoya ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezinto zokwenziwa, ngoba. izakhiwo zomsindo kanye nendlela etholakalayo yokulawula ukugeleza komoya kuncike kakhulu ezintweni.

Ukuhlukaniswa ngezinto zokwakha:

Ubunzima bomshini wezinsimbi zomhlanga bunquma isidingo sokusebenzisa izinto ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ama-saxophones enziwe nge-alloy yethusi ne-zinc, ngezinye izikhathi ngokufaka i-nickel, noma ithusi. Umzimba we-bassoon uvame ukwenziwa nge-maple, kanti ithubhu elimise okwe-S lapho umhlanga ugxunyekwe khona lenziwe ngensimbi. Ama-obo enziwe nge-ebony futhi, njengokuhlola, kusuka ku-plexiglass, insimbi, ingxube ye-ebony powder (95%) kanye ne-carbon fiber (5%).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isigaba sezinsimbi zethusi sinesaso ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba:

Njengoba ubona, kunezinsimbi zomculo eziningi ezifuthwayo, futhi zonke zihluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungadingeka isifundo esihlukene ukukhuluma ngaso ngasinye. Sinqume ukugxila ensimbini yomoya edume kakhulu - icilongo - futhi sikutholele yona izinto zokufunda:

Kusukela ezincwadini, sincoma kubadlali bamacilongo besikhathi esizayo incwadi ethi “Elementary School of playing the trumpet” [I. Kobets, 1963]. Manje ake sidlulele kwelinye iqembu lamathuluzi.

Izinsimbi zomculo ezishaywayo

Kungashiwo ngokungananazi ukuthi izigubhu ziyizinsimbi zomculo ezindala kakhulu zesintu. Empeleni, ngisho nokushaya itshe nje endaweni eyodwa noma kwenye kudala umugqa onesigqi olula. Cishe zonke izizwe zinezinsimbi zazo zomculo zezwe ezenziwe ngezinto ezitholakala kabanzi ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala. Akunakwenzeka ukubakhumbula bonke, futhi asikho isidingo. Kodwa ingahlukaniswa ngokwemibandela ehlukene.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-pitch:

Ukuhlukaniswa komsindo:

I-idiophones yinsimbi noma ukhuni. Isibonelo, izinkezo zokhuni.

Kodwa mhlawumbe ethandwa kakhulu emculweni wesimanje isethi yesigubhu. Izinhlobo zokuhlanganisa nokupakishwa zingahluka kakhulu, okuncike kakhulu kwisitayela somculo abaculi abadlala ngaso. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlola inhlanganisela ehlukene yezingxenye, udinga ukuthola ukuthi yini engafakwa kukhithi.

Imishini eyisisekelo yesethi yesigubhu:

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda kalula, ake siqale sibone ukuthi ikhithi yesigubhu ibukeka kanjani phezulu. Okumnyama esithombeni kukhomba isihlalo somdlali wesigubhu. Ama-Tom-toms abhalwe ngokuthi encane, ephakathi, phansi:

Kwesinye isikhathi encazelweni ungathola amagama athi “alto” nelithi “tenor” esikhundleni samagama athi “phezulu” kanye “phakathi”. Ngezinye izikhathi zombili izigubhu - eziphezulu naphakathi - zibizwa ngokuthi ama-altos. Ungakhohliswa yilokhu – ingxenye ngayinye yekhithi inomsindo wayo kanye nomsebenzi wayo, okuzocaca kangcono uma uqala ukufunda ukudlala. Bheka ukuthi ikhithi yesigubhu ibukeka kanjani kuhlangene:

Qala ukufunda ngokufanele nge mastering imidlalo ekufakweni okuyisisekelo, okungukuthi 5 izigubhu + 3 amasimbali. Njengoba ufunda, wena ngokwakho uzosondela ekuqondeni okudingayo:

Kusukela ezincwadini, incwadi ethi “Percussion Instruments for Dummies” [D. Strong, 2008]. I-“School of playing the drum set” izokusiza ukuthi ujwayele izigubhu ngokuningiliziwe [V. Gorokhov, 2015].

Ngakho-ke, sithole umbono mayelana nezinsimbi zomculo ezidume kakhulu. Abantu abaningi bavame ukuba nombuzo: iyiphi insimbi yomculo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni? Ngokusemthethweni, leli yi-organ ye-Boardwalk Concert Hall e-United States. Ngokusemthethweni, ngoba sinentshisekelo ikakhulukazi kumamodeli asebenzayo, futhi lo mzimba ubuthule kule minyaka engamashumi amabili edlule.

Nokho, isikali sesakhiwo sisahlaba umxhwele. Ngakho-ke, ipayipi ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-40, futhi insimbi ngokwayo ifakwe ku-Guinness Book of Records ezigabeni ezi-4: insimbi enkulu kunazo zonke, isitho esikhulu kunazo zonke, esiphezulu kunazo zonke (130 dB) kanye neyodwa kuphela emhlabeni esebenza ngaphansi. ukucindezela kwamasentimitha angu-100 noma 2500 mm ) ikholomu yamanzi (0,25 kg / sq. cm).

Ukufunda ukucula okungenani izingoma ezilula kungaphakathi kwamandla awo wonke umuntu, ngaphandle kwezithulu nezimungulu. Ungazibonela lokhu uma uthatha isifundo sethu samahhala esithi “Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezwi Nenkulumo”. Ngendlela, sikweluleka ukuthi udlule kukho, noma ngabe awuzukucula. Izwi lakho ngesikhathi ukhuluma esidlangalaleni nasekuxhumaneni kwansuku zonke lizozwakala lilihle kakhulu.

Okwamanje, sincoma ukuthi uthathe olunye uhlolo lokuqinisekisa lwalesi sifundo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi usebenzisa ulwazi oluzuziwe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze!

Isivivinyo sokuqonda isifundo

Uma ufuna ukuhlola ulwazi lwakho esihlokweni salesi sifundo, ungathatha isivivinyo esifushane esihlanganisa imibuzo embalwa. Inketho engu-1 kuphela engalungela umbuzo ngamunye. Ngemva kokukhetha enye yezinketho, isistimu idlulela ngokuzenzakalela embuzweni olandelayo. Amaphuzu owatholayo athintwa ukunemba kwezimpendulo zakho kanye nesikhathi esichithwe ukudlulisa. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi imibuzo ihlukile isikhathi ngasinye, futhi izinketho ziyashova.

Futhi ekugcineni, uzoba nokuhlolwa kokugcina ezintweni zesifundo sonke.