I-Enharmonism |

kusukela ku-enarmonios yesiGreki - enharmonic, lit. – ongwaqa, ongwaqa, ukuvumelana

Ukulingana ngobude bemisindo ehlukene ngesipelingi (isibonelo, des = cis), izikhawu (isibonelo,

amaculo (as-c-es-ges=as-c-es-fis=gis-his-dis-fis njll.), okhiye (Fis-dur=Ges-dur). Umqondo we "E". ithatha isistimu ye-temperament enezinyathelo eziyi-12 (elinganayo) (bona i-Temperament). Yathuthukiswa mayelana nokuvuselelwa kwezikhawu zesizukulwane sasendulo - i-chromatic ne-enharmonic (bona i-Chromatism, i-Enharmonic) - kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemisindo yazo zontathu izigaba (kanye ne-diatonic) ngaphakathi kwesikali esisodwa; kanjalo, phakathi kwemisindo ye-diatonic. ithoni ephelele, imisindo yazo zombili izinyathelo eziphansi neziphakeme ibekwe, isibonelo. (c)-des-cis-(d) nge-commatic umehluko phakathi kobude bazo (ngu-P. de Beldemandis, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15; bheka: Coussemaker E., Scriptorum…, t. 3, p. 257-58; y H Vicentino, 1555). Ilondolozwe kumatemu etiyori. treatises, i-enharmonics yasendulo (lapho ama-microintervals ayehluka ngokuphakama) ekhulwini le-18, njengoba isimo sengqondo sisakazeka, ikakhulukazi isimo sengqondo esifanayo, ku-E. entsha yaseYurophu (lapho ama-microintervals, isibonelo, i-eis ne-des, esevele eqondana ngokuphakama). Umqondo we "E". ihluka ngobubili: E. njengokuvezwa kobunikazi bokusebenza (i-passive noma i-imaginary E.; isibonelo, ku-Bach kuvolumu yoku-1 ye-Well-Tempered Clavier, ukulingana kokhiye es-moll kanye ne-dis-moll ku-8th isandulela kanye ne-fugue; e-Beethoven ku-Adagio 8th fi. Sonata E-dur=Fes-dur) futhi njengendlela yokubonisa ukungalingani kokusebenza (“detemperation”, AS Ogolevets; ngokomthetho wephimbo “cijile ngaphezu kweflethi”), kufihliwe, kodwa igcinwe ngaphansi kwesembozo se-temperament ( esebenzayo noma i-E. yangempela, isibonelo, ekuguquleni kwe-anharmonic ngokusebenzisa hf-as-d=hf-gis-d lapho yethula impinda ku-cavatina ka-Gorislava evela ku-Glinka's Ruslan kanye no-Lyudmila).

Ubuciko. ukusetshenziswa kwe-E. eYurophu. umculo ungowokuqala. Ikhulu le-16 (A. Willart, duet “Quid non ebrietas”); E. yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ku-chromatic. madrigal wekhulu le-16-17, ikakhulukazi isikole saseVenetian. Kusukela ngesikhathi sika-JS Bach, isiphenduke indlela ebalulekile yokushintshashintsha okungazelelwe, futhi umbuthano wezihluthulelo ezingu-30 ezinkulu nezincane ezisekelwe kuwo uye wadingeka ku-classical-romantic. amajamo we-modulation sphere womculo. Kuhlelo lwe-tonal chromatic 20th century ubudlelwano buka-E. buphinde budluliselwe ekuxhumekeni kwe-intratonal, isibonelo. ekuqaleni kwengxenye yesi-3 ye-6th fp. I-Prokofiev's sonata, i-chord nVI> ye-degree (uhlangothi oluyisicaba) ilinganiswa ngokuzwakalayo imisindo ye-enharmonic efana nayo ngezinga lesihlanu (uhlangothi olubukhali; ekurekhodweni kwengcaphuno - ukwenza lula kwe-enharmonic):

SS Prokofiev. I-sonata yesi-6 yepiyano, ingxenye III.

Ukugxila kuka-E. kufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu emculweni wethoni eyi-12, lapho ukushintsha kwe-enharmonic kuba ngokuqhubekayo (ngokwesibonelo somculo we-E. unomphela, bheka isihloko esithi Dodecaphony).

References: Renchitsky PN, Ukufundisa nge-anharmonism, M., 1930; Ogolevets AS, Isingeniso sokucabanga komculo wesimanje, M.-L., 1946; Tyulin Yu. (H.), Isifundo esifushane sethiyori ngokuvumelana, L., 1960, sabukezwa. futhi wengeze., M., 1978; U-Pereverzev N. (K.), Izinkinga zephimbo lomculo, M., 1966; Sposobin IV, Izinkulumo ngenkambo yokuvumelana, M., 1969; Beldemandis P. de., Libellus monocordi (1413), e-Coussemaker E. de, Scriptorum de musica medii aevi. I-Novam seriem…, t. 3, Parisiis, 1869, ifeksi. iphinde yakhipha i-Hildesheim, ngo-1963; Vicentino N., L'antica musica ridotta alla moderna prattica…, Roma, 1555, facsimile. ikhiphe kabusha iKassel, ngo-1959; Scheibe JA, Compendium musices… (c. 1730-36), in Benary P., Die deutsche Kompositionslehre des 18. Jahrhunderts, Lpz., 1961; Levitan JS, A. Willaert's duo abadumile, "Tijdschrift der Vereeniging vor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis", 1938, bd 15; I-Lowinsky EE, i-Tonality kanye ne-atonality emculweni wekhulu leshumi nesithupha, i-Berk.-Los Ang., 1961.

Yu. N. Kholopov