Nikolay Ozerov (Nikolai Ozerov) |

U-Nikolai Ozerov

Umculi Wabantu we-RSFSR (1937). I-Genus. emndenini wompristi. Kusukela eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili wafundela umculo. ukufunda nokubhala sekuseduze. ubaba. Wafunda eRyazan. Isikole esingokomoya, kusukela eneminyaka engu-14 - esikoleni sokufundela ubufundisi, lapho ahlabelela khona ekwayeni futhi edlala i-violin esikoleni sokufundela ubufundisi, futhi kamuva ku-orchestra yendawo ye-amateur (wathatha izifundo ze-violin eNavatny). Ngo-1905-07 wafundela ubudokotela, wabe esesemthethweni. f-tah Kazan. un-ta futhi ngasikhathi sinye wafunda ukucula eMuz wendawo. uh. Ngo-Jan. Ngo-1907 wamenywa ngu-Yu. Zakrzhevsky embuthanweni wakhe we-opera izingxenye zesibili. Ngawo lowo nyaka wathuthela eMoscow. un-t (ubuhlakani bezomthetho), ngesikhathi esifanayo wathatha izifundo zokucula ku-A. Uspensky (kuze kube ngu-1910), wabe esesuka ku-G. Alchevsky, futhi waya ku-opera nomculo. Amakilasi e-RMS (1909-13). Ngemva kokuphothula eyunivesithi ngo-1910, wahlanganisa inkonzo yakhe ekamelweni lokwahlulela namakilasi ezifundweni, futhi wenza amakhonsathi. Ngo-1907-11 wasebenza njengomdlali wevayolini ku-Symphony. kanye nethiyetha. ama-orchestra. Ngo-1912 wanikeza ikhonsathi yakhe yokuqala eyedwa eHholo Elincane laseMoscow. ububi. Ngawo lowo nyaka wenza i-debut yakhe njengoHerman (Indlovukazi ye-Spades) kanye no-Sinodal eqenjini elihambayo le-opera. Ngo-1914-17 wayehlala eVladimir, lapho ayekhonza khona njengejaji. Ngo-1917, wenza ngesikhathi mosk eyasungulwa umqondisi P. Olenin. i-opera house “Altar” (“Small Opera”), lapho aqala khona njengoRudolph (“La Boheme”). Ngo-1918 wacula eMosk. I-Council of Workers' Deputies (owayekade eyi-S. Zimin's Opera), ngo-1919 - ku-t-re. Ukukhanya-kobuciko. Inyunyana Yezinhlangano Zabasebenzi (HPSRO). Ngalesi sikhathi, walungisa izingxenye ze-Almaviva (The Barber of Seville by G. Rossini), Canio, Hoffmann ngaphansi kwengalo. umqondisi FF Komissarzhevsky kanye nothisha wezwi u-V. Bernardi. Ngo 1919-46 soloist eMoscow. U-Bolshoy T-ra (waqala ezingxenyeni ze-Almaviva naseJalimane, ekugcineni wathatha isikhundla sika-A. Bonachich) futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo (kuze kube ngu-1924) wenza umsebenzi we-"Music". I-Studio "eMoscow Art Theatre (ikakhulukazi, ingxenye ka-Ange Pitou ku-operetta "Indodakazi kaMadame Ango" kaC. Lecoq), lapho asebenza khona ngaphansi kwengalo. B. Nemirovich-Danchenko. Wayenezwi eliguquguqukayo, eliqinile, elakhiwe kahle le-timbre "velvety", umculo ophakeme. isiko, izigcawu. ithalente. Unqobe ubunzima bezobuchwepheshe kalula. I-repertoire yomculi yayihlanganisa izingxenye ezingu-39 (kuhlanganise ne-lyric nedrama). Edala isithombe, walandela inhloso yomqambi, akazange ashiye umdwebo wombhali wendima.

Amaqembu okuqala aseSpain: Gritsko (I-Sorochinsky Fair ka-M. Mussorgsky, umhleli kanye ne-instrumentation ka-Yu. Sakhnovsky); ku-Big T-re – Walter Stolzing (“Meistersingers of Nuremberg”), Cavaradossi (“Tosca”). Izindima ezihamba phambili: UHerman (iNdlovukazi ye-Spades, waqhubeka namasiko ka-I. Alchevsky ngeSpanishi wale ngxenye; wenza izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-1), uSadko, uGrishka Kuterma, Pretender, Golitsyn (Khovanshchina), Faust (Faust), Othello ("Otello" nguG. Verdi), uDuke (“Rigoletto”), Radamès, Raul, Samson, Canio, Jose (“Carmen”), Rudolf (“La Boheme”), Walter Stolzing. Izingxenye zikaDkt: Finn, Don Juan (The Stone Guest), Levko (May Night), Vakula (The Night Before Christmas), Lykov, Andrei (Mazeppa by P. Tchaikovsky); I-Harlequin; Werther, Pinkerton, Cavalier de Grieux (“Manon”), Lohengrin, Sigmund. Abalingani: A. Bogdanovich, M. Maksakova, S. Migai, A. Mineev, A. Nezhdanova, N. Obukhova, F. Petrova, V. Politkovsky, V. Petrov, P. Tikhonov, F. Chaliapin. Ukwazisa kakhulu ithalente lobuciko., u-Chaliapin wammema ngo-450 ukuba abambe iqhaza ku-"Barber of Seville" ka-G. Rossini ("I-Mirror Theatre" ye-Hermitage Garden). Wacula ngaphansi kukaN. Golovanov, S. Koussevitzky, A. Melik-Pashaev, V. Nebolsin, A. Pazovsky, V. Suk, L. Steinberg.

Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngezinhlelo ezizimele e-Great Hall of the Moscow. cons., ku-symp. amakhonsathi (oratorios, i-WA ​​Mozart's Requiem, i-G. Verdi's Requiem; ngo-1928, i-symphony yesi-9 ka-O. Frid – L. Beethoven). I-repertoire yekamelo lomculi yayihlanganisa imikhiqizo. KV Gluck, GF Handel, F. Schubert, R. Schumann, M. Glinka, A. Borodin, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, P. Tchaikovsky, S. Rachmaninov, S. Vasilenko, Yu. Shaporin, A. Davidenko. Wahambela amakhonsathi eLeningrad, Kazan, Tambov, Tula, Orel, Kharkov, Tbilisi, Latvia (1929). Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Enkulu yayikhona ngaphambili. induna yezempi. IKhomishana ye-Big T-ra, yakhuluma namasosha e-Red Army.

Kusukela ngo-1931 wahola i-ped. umsebenzi ku-Big T-re (kusukela ngo-1935 wahola i-Opera Studio, phakathi kwabafundi bakhe - S. Lemeshev). Ngo-1947-53 wafundisa eMoscow. ububi. (uprofesa kusukela ngo-1948, 1948-49 umqondisi we-National Studios Cons., 1949-52 umfundisi we-Vocal Faculty, 1950-52 inhloko ebambeleyo yomnyango wokucula yedwa). Phakathi kwabafundi bakhe kukhona u-Vl. I-Popov.

Ngo-1939 wayeyilungu lejaji le-1st All-Union. umncintiswano wezwi eMoscow. Ihole i-muz.-gen esebenzayo. umsebenzi - ilungu lobuciko. umkhandlu weBig T-ra, ikhomishana yeziqu, ikhomishana yemiklomelo eKomitini Elikhulu lezinyunyana. Kusukela ngo-1940 isekela. okwedlule. ikhomishana yochwepheshe (kusukela ngo-1946 usihlalo wezobuciko zomculo eMnyangweni Wezemfundo Ephakeme yase-USSR, kusukela ngo-1944 wayengusihlalo wekhomishana yezwi le-WTO kanye nomqondisi weNdlu yomdlali.

Kuqoshwe kumarekhodi egilamafoni.

Waklonyeliswa nge-Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1937).

Ifilimu ethi "The Ozerov Dynasty" yadalwa (1977, umbhali L. Vilvovskaya).

Cit.: Ukuzwa iqiniso lobuciko // Ithiyetha. 1938. No. 12. S. 143-144; Othisha nabafundi // Ogonyok. 1951. No. 22. S. 5-6; Umculi Omkhulu WaseRussia: Kuze Kube Umgubho Waminyaka Engama-80 ka-LV Sobinov // Vech. eMoscow. 1952. No. 133. P. 3; Izifundo ze-Chaliapin // Fedor Ivanovich Chaliapin: Imibhalo. Izitatimende. Izinkumbulo ze-FI Chaliapin. – M., 1980. T. 2. S. 460-462; Ama-opera nabaculi. – M., 1964; Isingeniso. i-athikili yencwadi: Nazarenko IK Ubuciko Bokucula: Izindatshana kanye Nezinto Zomlando, Ithiyori kanye Nomkhuba Wokucula Ngobuciko. Umfundi. – M., 1968; imibhalo yesandla - Esikhumbuzweni sika-LV Sobinov; Mayelana nencwadi ethi “Izisekelo Zesayensi zokukhiqiza izwi”; Emsebenzini ka-KS Stanislavsky no-Vl. I. Nemerovich-Danchenko enkundleni yomculo. – in TsGALI, f. 2579, awu. 1, unqenqema lweyunithi 941; izindatshana ezimayelana nendlela yokusebenza kanye ne-vocal pedagogy - ku-RO TsNB STD.

Lit.: Ermans V. Indlela Yomculi / / Sov. ubuciko. 1940. July 4; Shevtsov V. Indlela yomculi waseRussia // Vech. eMoscow. 1947. April 19; I-Pirogov A. Umculi ohlangene, umlingisi womphakathi // Sov. umculi. 1947. No. 12; Sletov VNN Ozerov. -M.; L., 1951; UDenisov V. Uhlonishwe Kabili // Mosk. iqiniso. 1964. 28 Apr.; Udlale noChaliapin // Vech. eMoscow. 1967. 18 Apr; I-Tyurina M. Dynasty yama-Ozerovs // Sov. isiko. 1977. No. 33; Shpiller H. Nikolai Nikolaevich Ozerov // Sov. umculi. 1977. 15 Apr.; I-Ryabova E-Ozerov // Incwadi Yonyaka Yezinsuku Zomculo Ezikhumbulekayo. 1987. - M., 1986. S. 41-42.