Oktobas: incazelo yensimbi, ukwakheka, umsindo, umlando wendalo, indlela yokudlala

Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, abenzi be-violin bazame ukwenza insimbi enomsindo wayo ozoba ngaphansi kunalowo we-bass ephindwe kabili. Ukuhlola okuningi kuye kwaholela ekubonakaleni kwesifanekiso sobukhulu obukhulu emndenini wevayolini. I-octobass ayizange isetshenziswe kabanzi esikweni lomculo, kodwa amanye ama-orchestra e-symphony ayisebenzisela ukunikeza ukunambitheka okukhethekile emisebenzini yakudala yakudala.

Yini i-octobas

I-chordophone enkulu emndenini wezintambo ze-violin ibukeka njenge-bass ephindwe kabili. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamathuluzi ubukhulu. Ku-oktobass zikhulu kakhulu - ukuphakama okungamamitha amane. Ububanzi becala endaweni ene-voluminous kufinyelela kumamitha amabili. Intamo inezintambo ezintathu, ifakwe izikhonkwane zokulungisa. Ingxenye engenhla yecala inama-levers. Ngokuwacindezela, umculi wayecindezela izintambo kubha.

Izwakala kanjani i-octobass?

Insimbi ikhiqiza umsindo ophansi emkhawulweni wokuzwa komuntu. Uma ngisho nemisindo ephansi ibikhona, abantu bebengeke bayizwe. Ngakho-ke, kwakungasizi ukuzama ngosayizi ngokuqhubekayo.

Uhlelo lunqunywa ngamanothi amathathu: "yenza", "sol", "re". Umsindo uvalekile, imvamisa ethi “to” subcontroctave ingu-16 Hz. Emsebenzini womculo, kusetshenziswe uhla olulinganiselwe kakhulu, olugcina ngokuthi "la" we-counteroctave. Abaqambi badumala ngomsindo we-octobass, ayijulile futhi inothile uma iqhathaniswa "nomfowabo omncane".

Umlando wokudalwa kwethuluzi

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amakhosi avela emazweni ahlukene avela nomqondo wokwandisa umzimba we-bass kabili. Omncane kunawo wonke "ama-giants" amelelwa yi-English Museum. Ubude bayo bungamamitha angu-2,6. Kwadlalwa abantu ababili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Omunye wagibela endaweni ekhethekile futhi wabopha izintambo, omunye wahola umnsalo. Babiza leli thuluzi ngokuthi "uGoliyathi".

Maphakathi nekhulu lesi-XNUMX, iParis yabona i-octobass imitha eyodwa enkulu kunesiNgisi. Idalwe nguJean Baptiste Vuillaume. U-master wenze izinguquko ezakhayo ukuze enze ukudlala i-double bass enkulu kungabi nzima ngokobuchwepheshe. Wahlomisa insimbi yomculo enezintambo ngomshini wokudonsa, owawuqhutshwa uchungechunge lwezinsimbi phezulu namaphedali phansi.

I-American John Geyer yaqhubekela phambili. I-octobass yakhe yayiphakeme ngendlela emangalisayo - amamitha amane nesigamu. Belingabekwa kunoma yiliphi igumbi. Kwakunzima ngokobuchwepheshe ukudlala izinsimbi ezinkulu. Badumala ngomsindo wabo ophansi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-double bass, ibinombala omncane, ukugcwala, noma ukujula komsindo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, beqaphela ukungabi nasisekelo komqondo, amakhosi ayeka ukuhlola ubukhulu becala. Babuyisele ukunaka kwabo kumabhesi akabili, ukuthuthukiswa okwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthola umsindo ophansi ngokungeza iyunithi yezinhlamvu yesihlanu ekushuneni kokuthi "do" kwe-counteroctave. Imisindo eyengeziwe ephansi nayo yenziwa yenzeka ngomshini okhethekile “onweba” umucu ophansi kakhulu.

Idlalwa kanjani i-octobass

Inqubo yokudlala “umdondoshiya” iyafana nezindlela zokudlala umculo ngevayolini noma enye insimbi yomculo enezintambo ezikhotheme. Emakhulwini eminyaka ambalwa edlule, abaculi bakhuphukela endaweni ekhethekile, eduze kwayo kwafakwa i-octobass. Kodwa nalesi sikhundla sidale ubunzima uma ucindezela izintambo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi i-tempos esheshayo, ukugxuma, iziqephu azifakiwe. Kunzima ukudlala ngisho nesilinganiso esilula, njengoba umsindo wayo uzohlanekezelwa ngezikhathi ezibalulekile phakathi kwamanothi.

Phakathi abaqambi abadumile Richard Wagner unake kakhulu ingxenye octobass emisebenzini yakhe. Uzabalazele ukwakha imisindo ekahle, ebhalela ngokukhethekile i-bass enkulu ephindwe kabili. UTchaikovsky, Berlioz, Brahms, Wagner wasebenzisa ithuba lokwehlisa umsindo kuze kube semkhawulweni. Abaqambi banamuhla baye balahlekelwa isithakazelo kuthuluzi, balisebenzisa kakhulu kancane. Kwabadume kakhulu, umuntu angaphawula umsebenzi othi "Izinkondlo Ezine" ka-Adam Gilberti.

Amathuluzi afanayo

I-double bass ne-viola akuwona wodwa ongcweti abazame ngawo. Phakathi kwezintambo kukhona enye "i-giant", namuhla engazwakala kuma-folk ensembles. Lena i-double bass balalaika. Ubude bayo bungamamitha ayi-1,7. Phakathi kwezinye i-balalaikas, inomsindo ophansi kakhulu futhi yenza umsebenzi we-bass.

Ukwenyuka kosayizi nakho kuthinte izinsimbi zomoya. Yavela kanjena i-saxophone ye-contrabass, efinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama, umtshingo we-contrabass, usayizi womuntu. Phakathi nokuba khona kwe-octobass, izitatimende zazivame ukuvela ukuthi amakhosi asebenze ize, izithelo zomsebenzi wabo azijabulisi futhi azikhulisi amakhono we-orchestra.

Kodwa ucwaningo, ukuhlola ngamaza aphansi kuvumele abaculi ukuthi bathole okunye okubalulekile. Kwamasiko, umsebenzi wongcweti ubalulekile. Sekuyisikhathi eside i-Oktobass iwukuphela kwethuluzi elinomsindo wayo ufinyelela emandleni okuzwa komuntu.