Pavel Serebryakov |

UPavel Serebryakov

Iminyaka eminingi Pavel Serebryakov inhloko Leningrad Conservatory, endala ezweni lakithi. Futhi eminyakeni engaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu edlule, weza lapha evela Tsaritsyn futhi, ethukile, wavela phambi ikhomishana umxhwele, phakathi kwamalungu awo kwakungu-Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov, njengoba umuntu angasho manje, omunye wabanduleli bakhe "esihlalweni rector." Umqambi ovelele wahlola amakhono entsha yesifundazwe, futhi lo mfundi waba umfundi ekilasini lika-LV Nikolaev. Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo ze-conservatory (1930) kanye ne-postgraduate course (1932), waphumelela ku-All-Union Competition ngo-1933 (umklomelo wesibili).

Amathemba obuciko ahlakaniphile awazange aphoqe u-Serebryakov ukuba alahle imisebenzi yomculo neyomphakathi esebenzayo, eyayihlala iseduze nemvelo yakhe enamandla. Emuva ngo-1938, wema “esiphethweni” se-Leningrad Conservatory futhi wahlala kulesi sikhundla esinomthwalo wemfanelo kwaze kwaba ngu-1951; ngo-1961-1977 waphinde waba umqondisi we-Conservatory (kusukela ngo-1939 enguprofesa). Futhi ngokujwayelekile, sonke lesi sikhathi umdwebi, njengoba besho, empilweni yobuciko yezwe, efaka isandla ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwesiko lesizwe. Kungase kuthiwe ukuthi isimo sengqondo esinjalo sithinte indlela yomculo wakhe wopiyano, u-SI Savshinsky wabiza ngokufanelekile ngentando yeningi.

Cishe iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu esiteji sekhonsathi… Isikhathi esanele sokudlula ezigabeni ezihlukene zesitayela, ukushintsha okunamathiselwe. "Umoya woshintsho" wathinta, yiqiniso, uSerebryakov, kodwa imvelo yakhe yobuciko yayihlukaniswa nobuqotho obungavamile, ukungaguquki kwezifiso zokudala. “Ngisho nasekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe wekhonsathi,” kubhala uN. Rostopchina, “abagxeki baphawula isilinganiso, isinyathelo sokuqala, isimo sengqondo esihluke kakhulu ekudlaleni komculi osemusha. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ukubukeka komdlali wopiyano kuye kwashintsha. Ubuhlakani buthuthukile, ukuzithiba, ukujula, ubudoda obuqinile buvele. Kodwa ngandlela-thile, ubuciko bakhe abushintshile: ngobuqotho imizwa, inkanuko nakho, ukucaca imibono yezwe.

Kuphalethi ye-repertoire kaSerebryakov, kulula futhi ukucacisa isiqondiso esijwayelekile. Lokhu, okokuqala, ama-classical upiyano aseRussia, futhi kuwo, okokuqala, i-Rachmaninoff: I-Concerto yesibili neyesithathu, i-Sonata yesibili. Ukuhlukahluka endikimbeni ye-Corelli, yomibili imijikelezo yemidwebo ye-etudes, izandulela, izikhathi zomculo nokunye okuningi. Phakathi kwezimpumelelo zomdlali wopiyano ezinhle kakhulu kukhona Ikhonsathi Yokuqala kaTchaikovsky. Konke lokhu kudala kwanikeza u-E. Svetlanov isizathu sokuveza uSerebryakov njengomsakazi ophikelelayo womculo wepiyano waseRussia, njengomhumushi ocabangelayo wemisebenzi kaTchaikovsky noRachmaninov. Ake sengeze kulokhu amagama kaMussorgsky noScriabin.

Kumaphosta ekhonsathi kaSerebryakov kula mashumi eminyaka adlule, sizothola iziqu ezingaphezu kuka-500. Ukuba nezingqimba ezihlukahlukene ze-repertoire kwavumela umculi wenkathi ye-Leningrad ka-1967/68 ukunikeza umjikelezo wezinsuku eziyishumi ze-piano monograph, lapho imisebenzi kaBeethoven, Chopin, Schumann, Liszt, Brahms, Mussorgsky, Tchaikovsky, Scriabin, Rachmaninov kanye neProkofiev. zethulwe. Njengoba ubona, ngakho konke ukuqiniseka kokuthandwa kobuciko, umdlali wopiyano akazange azibophe nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lohlaka.

"Ezobuciko, njengasempilweni," esho, "ngikhangwa izingxabano ezibukhali, ukungqubuzana okunamandla, umehluko ogqamile ... Emculweni, uBeethoven noRachmaninov basondele kakhulu kimi. Kodwa kimina kubonakala sengathi umdlali wopiyano akufanele abe yisigqila sezinto azithandayo… Isibonelo, ngikhangwa umculo wothando - Chopin, Schumann, Liszt. Kodwa-ke, kanye nazo, i-repertoire yami ihlanganisa imisebenzi yokuqala nokulotshiwe kwe-Bach, i-sonatas ka-Scarlatti, amakhonsathi ka-Mozart nama-Brahms 'kanye nama-sonatas.

USerebryakov wayehlale eqaphela ukuqonda kwakhe ukubaluleka kobuciko kwezenhlalo ekusebenzeni okuqondile. Wagcina ubuhlobo obuseduze namakhosi omculo waseSoviet, ngokuyinhloko nabaqambi baseLeningrad, wethula abalaleli emisebenzini kaB. Goltz, I. Dzerzhinsky, G. Ustvolskaya, V. Voloshinov, A. Labkovsky, M. Glukh, N. Chervinsky , B. Maisel, N. Simonyan, V. Uspensky. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi eziningi zalezi zingoma zafakwa ezinhlelweni zohambo lwakhe lwangaphandle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uSerebryakov waletha ukunaka kwezilaleli zaseSoviet ezingaziwa kancane zika-E. Vila Lobos, C. Santoro, L. Fernandez nabanye ababhali.

Konke lokhu "ukukhiqizwa" komculo okuhlukahlukene kwaboniswa nguSerebryakov ngokugqamile nangokujulile. Njengoba u-S. Khentova egcizelele, "ukuvala" kubusa ekuchazeni kwakhe: ama-contours acacile, umehluko obukhali. Kodwa intando kanye nokungezwani kuhlanganiswe ngokwemvelo nokuthamba kwe-lyrical, ubuqotho, izinkondlo kanye nokulula. Umsindo ojulile, ogcwele, i-amplitude enkulu ye-dynamics (kusuka ku-pianissimo engezwakali kuya ku-fortissimo enamandla), isigqi esicacile nesiguquguqukayo, imiphumela ekhanyayo, cishe ye-orchestral sonority yakha isisekelo sobuchule bakhe.

Sesishilo kakade ukuthi uSerebryakov wayehlotshaniswa neLeningrad Conservatory iminyaka eminingi. Lapha uqeqeshe abadlali bopiyano abaningi asebesebenza emadolobheni ahlukene ezwe. Phakathi kwabo kukhona abahlonishwayo bemincintiswano ye-All-Union kanye namazwe ngamazwe G. Fedorova, V. Vasiliev, E. Murina, M. Volchok nabanye.

References: Rostopchina N. Pavel Alekseevich Serebryakov.- L., 1970; Rostopchina N. Pavel Serebryakov. -M., 1978.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990