Sergey Leonidovich Dorensky |

USergei Dorensky

USergei Leonidovich Dorensky uthi kusukela esemncane wagxiliswa uthando lomculo. Bobabili uyise, umthwebuli wezithombe owaziwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sakhe, kanye nonina, bobabili babethanda ubuciko ngokuzidela; ekhaya babevame ukudlala umculo, umfana waya ku-opera, emakhonsathini. Lapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, wangeniswa Central Music School e-Moscow Conservatory. Isinqumo sabazali sasilungile, esikhathini esizayo saqinisekiswa.

Uthisha wakhe wokuqala kwakunguLydia Vladimirovna Krasenskaya. Nokho, kusukela ebangeni lesine Sergei Dorensky kwadingeka omunye uthisha, Grigory Romanovich Ginzburg waba umeluleki wakhe. Yonke enye i-biography yomfundi kaDorensky ixhunywe Ginzburg: iminyaka eyisithupha ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe e-Central School, emihlanu e-Conservatory, emithathu esikoleni esiphakeme. UDorensky uthi: “Kwakuyisikhathi engingasoze ngasikhohlwa. “UGinsburg ukhunjulwa njengomdlali wekhonsathi okhaliphile; akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi wayeluhlobo luni lothisha. Yeka indlela abonisa ngayo ekilasini imisebenzi efundwayo, indlela ayekhuluma ngayo ngayo! Eduze kwakhe, kwakungenakwenzeka ukungathandi ukudlala upiyano, ngephalethi yomsindo wepiyano, nezimfihlakalo eziyengayo zesu lopiyano ... Ngezinye izikhathi wayesebenza kalula kakhulu - wahlala phansi ensimbini futhi ayidlale. Thina, bafundi bakhe, sabuka yonke into eduze, sisekude. Babona yonke into sengathi iqhamuka ngemuva. Akukho okunye okwakudingeka.

… UGrigory Romanovich wayeyindoda emnene, ethambile, – kuqhuba uDorensky. - Kodwa uma kukhona okungahambisani naye njengomculi, angavutha, agxeke kakhulu umfundi. Ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye, wayesaba ama-pathos angamanga, i-pomposity yaseshashalazini. Wasifundisa (kanye nami e-Ginzburg abadlali bopiyano abanesiphiwo njengo-Igor Chernyshev, uGleb Akselrod, u-Alexei Skavronsky wafunda) ukuthobeka kokuziphatha esiteji, ukulula nokucaca kwenkulumo yobuciko. Ngizokwengeza ukuthi uGrigory Romanovich wayengenakubekezelela amaphutha amancane emhlobiso wangaphandle wemisebenzi eyenziwa ekilasini - sashaywa kanzima ngenxa yezono zalolu hlobo. Akazange athande noma ama-tempos asheshayo noma ama-sonorities anomsindo. Akazange abone ihaba nhlobo ... Isibonelo, ngisathola injabulo enkulu ngokudlala upiyano kanye ne-mezzo-forte - lokhu ngibe nakho kusukela ebusheni bami.

UDorensky wayethandwa esikoleni. Emnene ngokwemvelo, wavele wathandeka kwabaseduze kwakhe. Kwakulula futhi kulula naye: kwakungekho nencane i-swagger kuye, hhayi into encane yokuzikhukhumeza, okwenzekayo phakathi kwentsha ephumelelayo yobuciko. Isikhathi sizofika, futhi uDorensky, esedlulile isikhathi sobusha, uzothatha isikhundla somphathi wephiyano Faculty yaseMoscow Conservatory. Okuthunyelwe kunomthwalo wemfanelo, ezicini eziningi kunzima kakhulu. Kumele kushiwo ngokuqondile ukuthi yizimfanelo zomuntu - umusa, ukulula, ukusabela komfundisi omusha - ezizomsiza ukuba azimelele kule ndima, azuze ukwesekwa nozwelo kozakwabo. Uzwelo alukhuthaza kubafundi afunda nabo.

Ngo-1955, u-Dorensky waqala wazama isandla sakhe emncintiswaneni wamazwe ngamazwe abaculi abaculayo. EWarsaw, eMkhosini Wesihlanu Womhlaba Wentsha nabafundi, ubamba iqhaza emqhudelwaneni wepiyano futhi uzuza umklomelo wokuqala. Kwaqalwa. Kwalandela ukuqhubeka e-Brazil, emqhudelwaneni wezinsimbi ngo-1957. U-Dorensky uthole ukuduma okubanzi ngempela lapha. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umqhudelwano waseBrazil wabadlali abasha, lapho amenywe khona, empeleni, kwakuyisenzakalo sokuqala salolu hlobo eLatin America; Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kudonse ukunakwa okwengeziwe okuvela emphakathini, abezindaba, nemibuthano yochwepheshe. U-Dorensky wenze ngempumelelo. Wanikezwa umklomelo wesibili (umdlali wepiyano wase-Austria u-Alexander Enner wathola umklomelo wokuqala, umklomelo wesithathu waya kuMikhail Voskresensky); kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye wazuza ukuthandwa okuqinile nezilaleli zaseNingizimu Melika. Uzobuyela eBrazil izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa - kokubili njengomdlali wekhonsathi futhi njengothisha ojabulela igunya phakathi kwentsha yendawo edlala upiyano; lapha uyohlale emukelekile. Izimpawu, isibonelo, imigqa yelinye lamaphephandaba aseBrazil: “… Kubo bonke abadlali bopiyano … abacula nathi, akekho ovuse ukuzwelana okungaka emphakathini, injabulo ngazwi linye njengalo mculi. U-Sergey Dorensky unomqondo ojulile kanye nesimo somculo, esinikeza ukudlala kwakhe izinkondlo eziyingqayizivele. (Ukuqonda omunye nomunye // isiko lamaSoviet. 1978. Jan. 24).

Impumelelo eRio de Janeiro yavulela uDorensky indlela eya ezigabeni zamazwe amaningi omhlaba. Kwaqala ukuvakasha: i-Poland, i-GDR, i-Bulgaria, i-England, i-USA, i-Italy, i-Japan, i-Bolivia, i-Colombia, i-Ecuador ... Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imisebenzi yakhe yokwenza ezweni lakubo iyakhula. Ngaphandle, indlela yobuciko kaDorensky ibukeka kahle kakhulu: igama lomdlali wepiyano liya ngokuya lithandwa, akanazo izinkinga ezibonakalayo noma ukuwohloka, abezindaba bayamthanda. Noma kunjalo, yena ngokwakhe ubheka ukuphela kwamashumi amahlanu - ukuqala kweminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha kunzima kakhulu empilweni yakhe yesiteji.

"Okwesithathu, okokugcina empilweni yami futhi, mhlawumbe, "umncintiswano" onzima kakhulu usuqalile - ilungelo lokuhola impilo yobuciko obuzimele. Ezakuqala zazilula; lo “mncintiswano” - wesikhathi eside, oqhubekayo, ngezinye izikhathi okhathazayo ... - wanquma ukuthi kufanele yini ngibe umdlali wekhonsathi noma cha. Ngokushesha ngabhekana nezinkinga eziningana. Ngokuyinhloko - ukuthi dlala? I-repertoire yabonakala incane; akukho okuningi okwabuthwa phakathi neminyaka yokufunda. Kwakudingeka ukuyigcwalisa ngokushesha, futhi ezimweni zomkhuba ojulile we-philharmonic, lokhu akulula. Nalu uhlangothi olulodwa lwendaba. Okunye as dlala. Ngendlela endala, kubonakala kungenakwenzeka - angiseyena umfundi, kodwa umculi wekhonsathi. Hhayi-ke, kusho ukuthini ukudlala ngendlela entsha, ngokuhlukileNgangingazicabangi kahle. Njengabanye abaningi, ngaqala ngento engalungile kakhulu - ngokufuna "izindlela ezizwakalayo" ezikhethekile, ezithakazelisa kakhulu, ezingajwayelekile, ezikhanyayo, noma okuthile ... Ngokushesha ngaqaphela ukuthi ngangihamba ngendlela engafanele. Uyabona, lokhu kuzwakalisa kwalethwa emdlalweni wami, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, kusuka ngaphandle, kodwa kudinga ukuvela ngaphakathi. Ngikhumbula amazwi omqondisi wethu omangalisayo u-B. Zakhava:

“… Isinqumo sendlela yokwenza njalo sihlezi sijula ​​ekujuleni kokuqukethwe. Ukuze uyithole, udinga ukucwila phansi impela - ukubhukuda phezulu, ngeke uthole lutho ” (Zakhava BE Ikhono lomdlali nomqondisi. - M., 1973. P. 182.). Kunjalo nakithi baculi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakuqonda kahle lokhu.

Kwadingeka azithole esesiteji, athole ubuciko bakhe "I". Futhi wakwazi ukukwenza. Okokuqala, sibonga ithalente. Kodwa hhayi kuphela. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngobulula bakhe benhliziyo nobubanzi bomphefumulo wakhe, akazange ayeke ukuba yimvelo ebalulekile, enomfutho, engaguquki, esebenza kanzima. Lokhu ekugcineni kwamlethela impumelelo.

Okokuqala, wanquma emjikelezweni womculo oseduze naye. "Uthisha wami, uGrigory Romanovich Ginzburg, wayekholelwa ukuthi cishe wonke umdlali wopiyano unendima yakhe" yesiteji. Ngibamba, ngokujwayelekile, imibono efanayo. Ngicabanga ukuthi phakathi nezifundo zethu, thina, abadlali, kufanele sizame ukuhlanganisa umculo omningi ngangokunokwenzeka, sizame ukudlala kabusha konke okusemandleni ... Ngokuzayo, ngokuqala kwekhonsathi yangempela nokuzilolonga, umuntu kufanele aye esiteji kuphela. ngalokho okuphumelele kakhulu. Wayeqiniseka emicimbini yakhe yokuqala ukuthi uphumelele ngaphezu kwakho konke ku-Sonatas ka-Beethoven yesithupha, yesishiyagalombili, yamashumi amathathu nanye, i-Schumann's Carnival and Fantastic Fragments, ama-mazurkas, ama-nocturnes, ama-etudes nezinye izingcezu zika-Chopin, izingoma zika-Liszt's Campanella ne-Liszbert. , G Major Sonata ka-Tchaikovsky kanye Nezinkathi Ezine, i-Rhapsody ka-Rachmaninov ethi Theme of Paganini and Barber's Piano Concerto. Kulula ukubona ukuthi i-Dorensky idonsela ku-repertoire eyodwa noma ezinye izendlalelo zesitayela (ithi, ezakudala - ezothando - isimanjemanje ...), kodwa kwezinye. Amaqembu imisebenzi lapho ubuntu bakhe buziveza ngokugcwele. "UGrigory Romanovich wafundisa ukuthi umuntu kufanele adlale kuphela lokho okunikeza umculi umuzwa wokunethezeka kwangaphakathi, "ukuzivumelanisa nezimo", njengoba eshilo, okungukuthi, ukuhlanganisa okuphelele nomsebenzi, ithuluzi. Yilokho engizama ukukwenza. ”…

Wabe esethola indlela yakhe yokwenza. Okugqame kakhulu kuwo kwaba isiqalo se-lyrical. (Umdlali wopiyano ngokuvamile angahlulelwa ngokuzwela kwakhe kwezobuciko. U-Dorensky ubiza amagama abaculi abathandayo, ngemuva kuka-GR Ginzburg, KN Igumnov, LN Oborin, Art. Rubinstein, kusukela ku-M. Argerich, M. Pollini, lolu hlu luyinkomba ngokwalo. .) Ukugxeka kuphawula ukuthamba komdlalo wakhe, ubuqotho bephimbo lobunkondlo. Ngokungafani nenani labanye abameleli besimanje sopiyano, u-Dorensky akabonisi ukuthambekela okuthile kumkhakha we-piano toccato; Njengomdlali wekhonsathi, akayithandi imisindo "yensimbi", noma ukuduma kwe-fortissimo, noma ukutshiyoza okomile nokubukhali kwamakhono okunyakaza kweminwe. Abantu abavame ukuya kumakhonsathi akhe baqinisekisa ukuthi akakaze athathe inothi elilodwa elinzima empilweni yakhe…

Kodwa kusukela ekuqaleni wazibonakalisa eyinkosi yokuzalwa ye-cantilena. Wabonisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukukhanga ngephethini yomsindo wepulasitiki. Ngithole ukunambitheka kwemibala yopiyano ethuliswe kancane, e-silvery. Lapha wasebenza njengendlalifa yesiko lokuqala laseRussia lokudlala upiyano. "UDorensky unepiyano enhle enama-shades amaningi ahlukene, ayisebenzisa ngobuchule" (Abadlali bepiyano banamuhla. - M., 1977. P. 198.), Ababuyekezi babhala. Ngakho kwakusebusheni bakhe, into efanayo manje. Wabuye wahlukaniswa ngobuqili, ukuzungeza kothando kwemisho: ukudlala kwakhe, njengokungathi, kuhlotshiswe ngama-vignettes omsindo amahle, ukugoba okubushelelezi. (Ngomqondo ofanayo, futhi, uyadlala namuhla.) Cishe, lutho uDorensky akazange azibonise ngezinga elingaka njengomfundi waseGinzburg, njengalokhu kupholishwa ngekhono nangokucophelela kwemigqa yomsindo. Futhi akumangazi, uma sikhumbula lokho akusho ngaphambili: “UGrigory Romanovich akazange abekezelele amaphutha amancane emhlobiso wangaphandle wemisebenzi eyenziwa ekilasini.”

Lezi ezinye zezimpawu zesithombe sobuciko sikaDorensky. Yini ekuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngayo? Ngesinye isikhathi, u-LN Tolstoy wayethanda ukuphinda: ukuze umsebenzi wobuciko ufanelwe ukuhlonishwa futhi uthandwe ngabantu, kufanele okuhle, yasuka enhliziyweni yomculi. Akulungile ukucabanga ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezincwadini noma, ake sithi, yaseshashalazini. Lokhu kunobudlelwano obufanayo nobuciko bokudlalwa komculo njenganoma yimuphi omunye.

Kanye nabanye abafundi abaningi baseMoscow Conservatory, uDorensky wakhetha yena, ngokuhambisana nokusebenza, enye indlela - i-pedagogy. Njengabanye abaningi, phakathi neminyaka kuye kwaba nzima ngokwengeziwe kuye ukuphendula lo mbuzo: iyiphi kulezi zindlela ezimbili eye yaba eyinhloko ekuphileni kwakhe?

Ufundise intsha kusukela ngo-1957. Namuhla uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 yokufundisa ngemuva kwakhe, ungomunye woprofesa abavelele nabahlonishwayo e-conservatory. Uyixazulula kanjani inkinga endala: umculi unguthisha?

“Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ngobunzima obukhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi zombili lezi zisebenzi zidinga "imodi" ekhethekile yokudala. Yiqiniso, ngokuhamba kweminyaka, isipiliyoni sifika. Izinkinga eziningi kulula ukuzixazulula. Nakuba kungesibo bonke… Ngiyake ngizibuze: ibuphi ubunzima obukhulu kulabo abakhethekile okuwukufundisa umculo? Ngokusobala, emva kwakho konke - ukwenza "ukuxilongwa" kwe-pedagogical enembile. Ngamanye amazwi, "qagela" umfundi: ubuntu bakhe, umlingiswa, amakhono ochwepheshe. Futhi ngokufanele wakhe wonke umsebenzi owengeziwe naye. Abaculi abafana noFM Blumenfeld, KN Igumnov, AB Goldenweiser, GG Neuhaus, SE Feinberg, LN Oborin, Ya. I. Zak, Ya. V. Flier…”

Ngokuvamile, u-Dorensky ubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekwazini ulwazi lwamakhosi avelele esikhathi esidlule. Uvame ukuqala ukukhuluma ngalokhu - kokubili njengothisha embuthanweni wabafundi, futhi njengomphathi womnyango wepiyano we-conservatory. Ngokuqondene nesikhundla sokugcina, u-Dorensky ubelokhu ebambe isikhathi eside, kusukela ngo-1978. Wafinyelela esiphethweni ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi umsebenzi, ngokujwayelekile, ngokuthanda kwakhe. “Ngaso sonke isikhathi uphila ukuphila okuvamile, uxhumana nabantu abaphilayo, futhi ngiyakuthanda, ngeke ngikufihle. Yebo, izinkathazo nezinkinga azibaleki. Uma ngizizwa nginokuzethemba, kungenxa yokuthi ngizama ukuthembela emkhandlwini wezobuciko we-piano faculty kukho konke: abagunyazwe kakhulu othisha bethu bahlangene lapha, ngosizo lapho izinkinga ezinkulu zenhlangano nezokudala zixazululwa.

U-Dorensky ukhuluma nge-pedagogy ngomdlandla. Wahlangana nokuningi kule ndawo, wazi okuningi, acabangayo, akhathazeke ...

“Iyangikhathaza indaba yokuthi thina bothisha siqeqesha kabusha intsha yanamuhla. Angifuni ukusebenzisa igama elithi banal elithi "ukuqeqeshwa", kodwa, ngokweqiniso, uzoya kuphi ukusuka kulo?

Nokho, nathi kudingeka siqonde. Abafundi namuhla benza okuningi futhi ngokuvamile - emiqhudelwaneni, emaphathini ekilasi, amakhonsathi, izivivinyo, njll. Futhi thina, yithi, sinesibopho somuntu siqu ekusebenzeni kwabo. Ake umuntu azame ukuzibeka ngokwengqondo esikhundleni somuntu ogama lakhe linguMqhudelwano weTchaikovsky, ophuma ukuze adlale esiteji seHholo Elikhulu LeConservatory! Ngesaba ukuthi ngaphandle, ngaphandle kokuba nami ngibe nemizwa efanayo, ngeke ukuqonde lokhu … Nakhu, othisha, futhi sizama ukwenza umsebenzi wethu ngokucophelela, ngokuzwakalayo, nangokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi ngenxa yalokho... Ngenxa yalokho, seqa imikhawulo ethile. Sincisha abantu abasha abaningi ithuba lokusungula kanye nokuzimela. Lokhu kwenzeka, yiqiniso, ngokungenhloso, ngaphandle kwesithunzi senhloso, kodwa ingqikithi ihlala.

Inkinga ukuthi izilwane zethu ezifuywayo zigcwele zonke izinhlobo zemiyalelo, izeluleko, neziyalezo. Bonke yazi futhi uqonde: bayazi ukuthi yini okufanele bayenze emisebenzini abayenzayo, nokuthi yini okungafanele bayenze, akunconywa. Bangabanikazi bayo yonke into, bonke bayazi ukuthi kanjani, ngaphandle kwento eyodwa - ukuzikhulula ngaphakathi, ukunikeza intuition mahhala, amaphupho, ukuthuthukiswa kwesiteji, nokudala.

Nansi inkinga. Futhi thina, eMoscow Conservatory, sivame ukuxoxa ngakho. Kodwa akusikho konke okuncike kithi. Into eyinhloko ukuhlukana komfundi ngokwakhe. Yeka ukuthi ukhanya, unamandla, ungowokuqala. Akekho uthisha ongadala ubuntu. Angamsiza kuphela ukuthi avuleke, azibonise ohlangothini oluhle kakhulu.

Ukuqhubeka nesihloko, uSergei Leonidovich uhlala embuzweni owodwa. Ugcizelela ukuthi isimo sengqondo sangaphakathi somculi, angena ngaso esiteji, sibaluleke kakhulu: sibalulekile isiphi isikhundla azibeka ngaso maqondana nabalaleli. Ukuthi ukuzethemba komculi osemusha kuyathuthukiswa, kusho u-Dorensky, noma ngabe lo mculi uyakwazi ukukhombisa ukuzimela kokudala, ukuzimela, konke lokhu kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yomdlalo.

“Lapha, ngokwesibonelo, kukhona inhlolokhono yokuncintisana ... Kwanele ukubheka iningi lababambiqhaza ukuze ubone ukuthi bazama kanjani ukujabulisa, ukujabulisa abakhona. Indlela abalwela ngayo ukuzuza ukuzwelana nomphakathi futhi, yebo, amalungu ejaji. Empeleni, akekho okufihlayo lokhu ... UNkulunkulu akakuvumeli “ukuba necala” kokuthile, ukwenza okungalungile, ukungatholi amaphuzu! Ukuthambekela okunjalo - hhayi kuMculo, futhi hhayi kuQiniso Lobuciko, njengoba umenzi ezwa futhi eqonda, kodwa ekuboneni kwalabo abamlalelayo, ukuhlola, ukuqhathanisa, ukusabalalisa amaphuzu - kuhlale kugcwele imiphumela emibi. Ungena ngokusobala emdlalweni! Ngakho-ke i-sediment yokunganeliseki kubantu abazwelayo eqinisweni.

Yingakho ngivame ukuthi kubafundi: cabangani kancane ngabanye uma ningena esiteji. Ukuhlushwa okuncane: “O, bazothini ngami…” Udinga ukuzidlalela injabulo, ngenjabulo. Ngiyazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami ​​siqu: uma wenza okuthile ngokuzithandela, le "nto" cishe njalo isebenza futhi iphumelele. Esiteji, uqinisekisa lokhu ngokucacile okukhethekile. Uma wenza uhlelo lwakho lwekhonsathi ngaphandle kokujabulela yona kanye inqubo yokwenza umculo, ukusebenza sekukonke kuvela akuphumelelanga. Futhi ngokuphambene. Ngakho-ke, ngizama njalo ukuvusa kumfundi umuzwa wokwaneliseka kwangaphakathi kulokho akwenzayo ngethuluzi.

Umdlali ngamunye angase abe nezinkinga ezithile kanye namaphutha ezobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Abekho abaqalayo noma amakhosi anolwazi abavikelekile kubo. Kodwa uma laba bamuva bevame ukwazi ukuthi bangasabela kanjani engozini engalindelekile neyishwa, khona-ke abokuqala, njengomthetho, balahlekile futhi baqala ukwethuka. Ngakho-ke, u-Dorensky ukholelwa ukuthi kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ngokukhethekile umfundi kusengaphambili noma yiziphi izimanga esiteji. "Kubalulekile ukukholisa ukuthi akukho lutho, bathi, okubi, uma lokhu kwenzeka ngokuzumayo. Ngisho nabaculi abadume kakhulu, lokhu kwenzeka - noNeuhaus noSofronitsky, kanye no-Igumnov, kanye no-Arthur Rubinstein ... Kwenye indawo ngezinye izikhathi inkumbulo yabo yabahluleki, babengase badideke okuthile. Lokhu akuzange kubavimbele ekubeni yizintandokazi zomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikho inhlekelele eyokwenzeka uma umfundi “ekhubeka” engaqondile esiteji.

Into eyinhloko ukuthi lokhu akukona isimo sengqondo somdlali futhi ngaleyo ndlela ngeke kuthinte lonke uhlelo. Akulona iphutha elibi kakhulu, kodwa ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo okungaba umphumela ngenxa yalo. Yilokhu okufanele sikuchazele intsha.

Ngendlela, mayelana "nokulimala". Lena indaba engathi sína, ngakho-ke ngizokwengeza amagama ambalwa. "Ukulimala" akufanele kwesatshwe kuphela esiteji, ngesikhathi sokudlala, kodwa futhi phakathi kwemisebenzi evamile, yansuku zonke. Ngokwesibonelo, lapha, umfundi ngokokuqala ngqá weza esifundweni umdlalo awufunde eyedwa. Ngisho noma kunokushiyeka okuningi emdlalweni wakhe, akufanele umnike ingubo, umgxeke kakhulu. Lokhu kungase kube neminye imiphumela engemihle. Ikakhulukazi uma lo mfundi ephuma phakathi kwezimo ezintekenteke, ezinovalo, nezisengozini kalula. Ukulimaza umuntu onjalo ngokomoya kulula njengokubhoboza amapheya; ukukwelapha kamuva kunzima kakhulu. Ezinye izithiyo ezingokwengqondo zakhiwe, okuvele kube nzima kakhulu ukunqoba esikhathini esizayo. Futhi uthisha akanalo ilungelo lokukuziba lokhu. Kunoma yikuphi, akufanele neze atshele umfundi: ngeke uphumelele, awunikezwanga, ngeke usebenze, njll. "

Unesikhathi esingakanani usebenza upiyano nsuku zonke? - abaculi abasebasha bavame ukubuza. Eqaphela ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukunikeza impendulo eyodwa nephelele kulo mbuzo, uDorensky ngesikhathi esifanayo uyachaza, kanjani ku isiqondiso kufanele sifune impendulo kuso. Zifunele, kunjalo, kuye ngamunye:

“Ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimfuno zenhloso akukuhle. Okunye futhi akukuhle, okuyinto, ngendlela, abanduleli bethu abavelele - u-Igumnov, uNeuhaus nabanye - bakhulume ngaphezu kwesisodwa.

Ngokwemvelo, ngayinye yalezi zikhathi ezizimele zizoba ngezabo, zizimele. Akulula neze ukulingana nomunye umuntu lapha. Svyatoslav Teofilovich Richter, isibonelo, wafunda eminyakeni edlule amahora 9-10 ngosuku. Kodwa uRichter! Uhlukile ngazo zonke izindlela futhi ukuzama ukukopisha izindlela zakhe akusizi nje kuphela kodwa futhi kuyingozi. Kodwa uthisha wami, uGrigory Romanovich Ginzburg, akazange achithe isikhathi esiningi edlala insimbi. Kunoma ikuphi, "ngokwamagama". Kodwa wayehlala esebenza “engqondweni yakhe”; kulokhu wayeyinkosi engenakuqhathaniswa. Ukucabangela kuyasiza kakhulu!

Ngiqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi umculi osemusha kumelwe afundiswe ngokukhethekile ukusebenza. Ukwethula ubuciko bokuhlela kahle komsebenzi wesikole wasekhaya. Thina othisha sivame ukukhohlwa ngalokhu, sigxile kuphela ezinkingeni zokusebenza - ku Ukudlala kanjani noma iyiphi indaba, indlela yokuhumusha umbhali oyedwa noma omunye, njalonjalo. Kodwa lokho ngolunye uhlangothi lwendaba.”

Kodwa umuntu angawuthola kanjani lowomugqa ontengantengayo, ongahlukaniseki kahle, onganqunyelwe ezinhlelweni zawo, ohlukanisa “okuncane kunalokho okufunwa icala” kokuthi “ngaphezulu”?

“Munye umbandela lapha: ukucaca kokuqaphela okwenzayo kukhibhodi. Ukucaca kwezenzo zengqondo, uma uthanda. Uma nje ikhanda lisebenza kahle, amakilasi angakwazi futhi kufanele aqhubeke. Kodwa hhayi ngale kwalokho!

Ake ngikutshele, isibonelo, ukuthi ijika lokusebenza libukeka kanjani ekuzijwayezeni kwami. Ekuqaleni, lapho ngiqala amakilasi, bawuhlobo lokufudumala. Ukusebenza kahle akukabi phezulu kakhulu; Ngiyadlala, njengoba besho, hhayi ngamandla aphelele. Akufanelekile ukuthatha imisebenzi enzima lapha. Kungcono ukwaneliseka ngokuthile okulula, okulula.

Bese ufudumala kancane kancane. Uzwa sengathi izinga lokusebenza liyathuthuka. Ngemuva kwesikhashana - ngicabanga ukuthi ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30-40 - ufinyelela inani eliphakeme lamakhono akho. Uhlala kuleli zinga cishe amahora angu-2-3 (uthatha, kunjalo, amakhefu amancane emdlalweni). Kubonakala sengathi ngolimi lwesayensi lesi sigaba somsebenzi sibizwa ngokuthi “i-plateau”, akunjalo? Bese kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zokukhathala. Ziyakhula, zibonakale kakhudlwana, zibambeke kakhudlwana, ziphikelele kakhulu - bese kufanele uvale isivalo sepiyano. Umsebenzi owengeziwe awunanjongo.

Kuyenzeka, vele, ukuthi awufuni ukukwenza, ubuvila, ukuntuleka kokugxilisa ingqondo kuyanqoba. Bese kudingeka umzamo wentando; angikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwayo futhi. Kodwa lesi yisimo esihlukile futhi ingxoxo ayisekho ngakho manje.

Ngendlela, angivamile ukuhlangana namuhla phakathi kwabafundi bethu abantu abakhathele, ababuthakathaka, abangenazibuthe. Intsha manje isebenza kanzima futhi asikho isidingo sokuyiqondisa. Wonke umuntu uyaqonda: ikusasa lisezandleni zakhe futhi wenza konke okusemandleni akhe - kuze kube sekugcineni, kuze kufike phezulu.

Lapha, kunalokho, kuphakama inkinga yohlobo oluhlukile. Ngenxa yokuthi ngezinye izikhathi benza okuningi kakhulu - ngenxa yokuqeqeshwa kabusha ngokweqile kwemisebenzi ngayinye kanye nezinhlelo eziphelele - ukusha nokushesha emdlalweni kuyalahleka. Imibala yemizwa iyafiphala. Lapha kungcono ukushiya izingcezu ezifundwayo okwesikhashana. Shintshela kwenye ingoma ... "

Ulwazi lukaDorensky lokufundisa alugcini nje eMoscow Conservatory. Uvame ukumenywa ukuba aqhube izingqungquthela zokufundisa phesheya (uyibiza ngokuthi “tour pedagogy”); kuze kube manje, wahamba iminyaka ehlukene waya eBrazil, e-Italy, e-Australia. Ehlobo lika-1988, waqala ukusebenza njengothisha ongumeluleki ezifundweni zasehlobo zobuciko obusezingeni eliphezulu eSalzburg, eMozarteum edumile. Lolu hambo lwamhlaba umxhwele kakhulu - kwakunentsha eningi ethakazelisayo evela e-USA, Japan, kanye namazwe amaningana aseNtshonalanga Yurophu.

Lapho u-Sergei Leonidovich ebala ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe wayenethuba lokulalela abadlali bopiyano abasha abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili ababehlezi etafuleni lamajaji emiqhudelwaneni ehlukahlukene, kanye nasezifundweni zokufundisa. Ngamafuphi, unombono omuhle wesimo emhlabeni we-piano pedagogy, kokubili kweSoviet nakwamanye amazwe. “Noma kunjalo, ezingeni eliphezulu kangaka esinalo, nabo bonke ubunzima esinabo, izinkinga ezingaxazululeki, ngisho nokubala kabi, azifundisi ndawo emhlabeni. Njengomthetho, amandla obuciko angcono kakhulu agxile kuma-conservatories ethu; hhayi yonke indawo eNtshonalanga. Abadlali abaningi abaphambili bayawubalekela umthwalo wokufundisa ngokuphelele lapho, noma bavaleleke ezifundweni zangasese. Kafushane, intsha yethu inezimo ezikahle kakhulu zokukhula. Nakuba, ngihluleka ukuzibamba, kodwa labo abasebenza naye ngezinye izikhathi baba nesikhathi esinzima kakhulu.”

UDorensky ngokwakhe, isibonelo, manje usengakwazi ukuzinikela ngokuphelele upiyano kuphela ehlobo. Akwanele, yebo, uyakwazi lokhu. “I-Pedagogy iyinjabulo enkulu, kodwa ngokuvamile, le njabulo, ilimaza abanye. Akukho okumele kwenziwe lapha.”

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Noma kunjalo, u-Dorensky akayeki umsebenzi wakhe wekhonsathi. Ngokusemandleni akhe, uzama ukuyibeka emqulwini ofanayo. Udlala lapho aziwa futhi aziswa khona (emazweni aseNingizimu Melika, eJapane, emadolobheni amaningi aseNtshonalanga Yurophu nase-USSR), uzitholela izigcawu ezintsha. Ngesizini ye-1987/88, empeleni waletha i-Chopin's Second and Third Ballades esiteji okokuqala; Ngaso leso sikhathi, wafunda futhi wadlala - futhi okokuqala ngqa - i-Shchedrin's Preludes and Fugues, i-piano suite yakhe ephuma kwi-ballet Ihhashi ElineHumpbacked. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, waqopha izingoma ezimbalwa ze-Bach emsakazweni, ezihlelwe ngu-S. Feinberg. Amarekhodi amasha egilamafoni kaDorensky ashicilelwe; Phakathi kwalawo akhishwe kuma-XNUMXs kukhona ama-CD we-sonatas ka-Beethoven, ama-mazurkas ka-Chopin, i-Rhapsody ka-Rachmaninov ethi Theme of Paganini kanye ne-Rhapsody in Blue kaGershwin.

Njengoba kwenzeka njalo, u-Dorensky uphumelela kwezinye izinto ngaphezulu, okunye okuncane. Uma ucabangela izinhlelo zakhe zeminyaka yamuva kusukela ekhoneni elibucayi, umuntu angenza izimangalo ezithile ngokumelene nokunyakaza kokuqala kukaBeethoven "Pathetique" sonata, isiphetho se "Lunar". Akukhona ngezinkinga ezithile zokusebenza nezingozi ezingaba khona noma zingabi khona. Iphuzu eliyinhloko liwukuthi kuma-pathos, ezithombeni zobuqhawe ze-piano repertoire, emculweni ophakeme kakhulu, u-Dorensky oshaya upiyano ngokuvamile uzizwa enamahloni. Akukona neze lapha wakhe imihlaba yemizwa-yengqondo; uyayazi futhi ivuma ngobuqotho. Ngakho-ke, ku-sonata ethi "Pathetic" (ingxenye yokuqala), ku-"Moonlight" (ingxenye yesithathu) u-Dorensky, nazo zonke izinzuzo zomsindo nemisho, ngezinye izikhathi azikho isikali sangempela, idrama, umfutho onamandla, umqondo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imisebenzi eminingi kaChopin yenza umbono othakazelisayo kuye - ama-mazurka afanayo, isibonelo. (Irekhodi lama-mazurkas mhlawumbe elinye lamahle kakhulu kaDorensky.) Mvumele, njengomhumushi, akhulume lapha ngento eyaziwayo, kakade eyaziwa ngumlaleli; wenza lokhu ngemvelo enjalo, ukuvuleka okungokomoya nokufudumala kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuhlala ungenandaba nobuciko bakhe.

Nokho, kungaba okungalungile ukukhuluma ngoDorensky namuhla, ingasaphathwa eyokwahlulela imisebenzi yakhe, ekubeni nesiteji sekhonsathi kuphela. Uthisha, inhloko yethimba elikhulu lezemfundo nokudala, umculi wekhonsathi, usebenzela abathathu futhi kufanele abonakale ngesikhathi esisodwa kuzo zonke izimo. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho umuntu engathola khona umbono wangempela wobubanzi bomsebenzi wakhe, weqhaza lakhe langempela esikweni lokudlala upiyano laseSoviet.

G. Tsypin, 1990