Izinga lokushisa emculweni: kancane, liphakathi futhi liyashesha

Incazelo yakudala ukuthi i-tempo emculweni ijubane lokunyakaza. Kodwa kusho ukuthini ngalokhu? Iqiniso liwukuthi umculo uneyunithi yawo yokulinganisa isikhathi. Lena akuyona imizuzwana, njengaku-physics, hhayi amahora nemizuzu, esiyijwayele ekuphileni.

Isikhathi somculo ngaphezu kwakho konke sifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo yomuntu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yomuntu okulinganiselwe. Lezi zigqi zikala isikhathi. Futhi ukuthi zishesha kangakanani noma zihamba kancane kangakanani kuncike ejubaneni, okungukuthi, ijubane eliphelele lokunyakaza.

Uma silalela umculo, asikuzwa lokhu kushaya kwezwi, ngaphandle uma kuboniswa izinsimbi ezishaywayo. Kodwa wonke umculi ngasese, ngaphakathi kwakhe, uzizwa ngempela lezi zingoma, zisiza ukudlala noma ukucula ngesigqi, ngaphandle kokuphambuka ku-tempo eyinhloko.

Nasi isibonelo sakho. Wonke umuntu uyazi ingoma yengoma kaNcibijane "Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi sazalelwa ehlathini." Kulo mculo, ukunyakaza kwesigqi somculo ikakhulukazi kubude benothi lesishiyagalombili (ngezinye izikhathi kukhona abanye). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-pulse beats, ukuthi nje awukwazi ukuyizwa, kodwa sizoyizwakalisa ngokukhethekile ngosizo lwensimbi yokushaywa. Lalela lesi sibonelo futhi uzoqala ukuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo kule ngoma:

Athini ama-tempos emculweni?

Wonke ama-tempos akhona emculweni angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu: kancane, okuphakathi (okungukuthi, okuphakathi) nokushesha. Emculweni, i-tempo ivamise ukuchazwa ngamagama akhethekile, iningi lawo okungamagama omsuka wesiNtaliyane.

Ngakho-ke i-tempos ehamba kancane ihlanganisa i-Largo ne-Lento, kanye ne-Adagio ne-Grave.

Izikhathi ezimaphakathi zifaka i-Andante nokuphuma kwayo e-Andantino, kanye ne-Moderato, i-Sostenuto ne-Allegretto.

Okokugcina, ake sibhale izigigaba ezisheshayo, lezi yizi: i-Allegro ejabule, iVivo “bukhoma” neVivace, kanye nePresto esheshayo nePrestissimo eshesha kakhulu.

Indlela yokusetha i-tempo eqondile?

Kungenzeka yini ukukala i-tempo yomculo ngemizuzwana? Kuvela ukuthi ungakwazi. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa idivayisi ekhethekile - i-metronome. Umsunguli we-metronome engumshini yisazi sefiziksi saseJalimane nomculi u-Johann Mölzel. Namuhla, abaculi ezivivinyweni zabo zansuku zonke basebenzisa kokubili ama-metronome emishini nama-analogue kagesi - ngendlela yedivayisi ehlukile noma uhlelo lokusebenza ocingweni.

Uyini umgomo we-metronome? Le divayisi, ngemva kwezilungiselelo ezikhethekile (ukuhambisa isisindo esikalini), ishaya ukushaya kwe-pulse ngesivinini esithile (isibonelo, ama-beats angu-80 ngomzuzu noma ama-beats angu-120 ngomzuzu, njll.).

Ukuchofoza kwe-metronome kufana nokumaka okukhulu kwewashi. Lokhu noma lokho kushaya imvamisa yalezi zigqi kuhambisana nesinye sezigqi zomculo. Isibonelo, ku-tempo esheshayo ye-Allegro, imvamisa izoba mayelana nokushaywa okungu-120-132 ngomzuzu, kanye ne-adagio tempo ehamba kancane, cishe amabhithi angu-60 ngomzuzu.

Ngokuya ngesiginesha yesikhathi, ungasetha futhi i-metronome ukuze iphawule amabhithi aqinile anezimpawu ezikhethekile (insimbi, isibonelo).

Umqambi ngamunye unquma i-tempo yomsebenzi wakhe ngezindlela ezahlukene: abanye babonisa ukuthi cishe, ngesikhathi esisodwa, abanye babeka amanani aqondile ngokusho kwe-metronome.

Esimweni sesibili, ngokuvamile kubonakala kanje: lapho inkomba ye-tempo kufanele ibe khona (noma eduze kwayo), kukhona inothi lekota (i-pulse beat), bese kuba uphawu olulinganayo kanye nenani lokushaywa ngomzuzu ngokusho kwe-metronome kaMälzel. Isibonelo singabonakala esithombeni.

Ithebula lamazinga, ukuqokwa kwawo kanye namanani

Ithebula elilandelayo lizofingqa idatha yezinga eliphezulu elinensayo, elimaphakathi nelisheshayo: isipelingi sesi-Italian, ukuphimisela nokuhumusha kusiRashiya, cishe (cishe 60, cishe 120, njll.) amabhithi e-metronome ngomzuzu.

Ukwehlisa ijubane nokusheshisa i-tempo yesiqephu

Njengomthetho, i-tempo ethathwe ekuqaleni komsebenzi igcinwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwayo. Kodwa ngokuvamile emculweni kunezikhathi ezinjalo lapho unciphisa ijubane noma, ngokuphambene, ukusheshisa ukunyakaza kuyadingeka. Kukhona futhi amagama akhethekile anjalo "imithunzi" yokunyakaza: i-accelerando, i-stringendo, i-stretto ne-animando (konke ukusheshisa), kanye ne-ritenuto, i-ritardando, i-rallentando ne-allargando (lezi ezokwehlisa ijubane).

Amathunzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ukwehlisa ijubane ekupheleni kwesiqephu, ikakhulukazi emculweni wakuqala. Ukusheshisa kancane kancane noma kungazelelwe kwe-tempo kuyisici somculo wothando.

Ukucwengwa kwezitempeli zomculo

Ngokuvamile kumanothi, eduze kwegama eliyinhloko le-tempo, kukhona igama elilodwa noma ngaphezulu elengeziwe elicacisa uhlobo lokunyakaza okufunayo noma uhlobo lomsebenzi womculo uwonke.

Isibonelo, i-Allegro molto: i-allegro iyashesha nje, futhi i-allegro molto ishesha kakhulu. Ezinye izibonelo: Allegro ma non troppo (ngokushesha, kodwa hhayi kakhulu) noma Allegro con brio (Ngokushesha, ngomlilo).

Incazelo yamagama anjalo engeziwe ingatholakala njalo ngosizo lwezichazamazwi ezikhethekile zamagama omculo angaphandle. Kodwa-ke, ungabona amagama asetshenziswa kakhulu eshidini lokukopela elikhethekile esikulungiselele lona. Ungayiphrinta futhi uhlale unayo nawe.

Ishidi lokukopela lamazinga nemibandela eyengeziwe – LANDA

Lawa amaphuzu abalulekile mayelana ne-tempo yomculo, ebesifuna ukukutshela yona. Uma usenemibuzo, sicela uyibhale kumazwana. Ngikubone futhi.