I-Theremin: kuyini, ithuluzi lisebenza kanjani, ngubani owasungula, izinhlobo, umsindo, umlando

I-Theremin ibizwa ngokuthi insimbi yomculo engaqondakali. Ngempela, umculi umi phambi kwengoma encane, enyakazisa izandla zakhe kahle njengomlingo, futhi ingoma engavamile, ekhangayo, enamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo ifinyelela izethameli. Ngomsindo wayo oyingqayizivele, i-theremin yayibizwa ngokuthi "insimbi yenyanga", ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhambisana nomculo wamafilimu asemkhathini nasezindaweni eziqanjiwe zesayensi.

Yini lapho

I-theremin ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi i-percussion, intambo noma insimbi yomoya. Ukuze ukhiphe imisindo, umenzi akadingi ukuthinta idivayisi.

I-Theremin iyithuluzi lamandla lapho ukunyakaza kweminwe yomuntu kuguqulwa khona eduze kwe-antenna ekhethekile ibe ukudlidliza kwamagagasi omsindo.

Ithuluzi lomculo likuvumela ukuthi:

• enza imiculo yohlobo lwakudala, i-jazz, i-pop ngayodwana nanjengengxenye ye-orchestra yekhonsathi;
• dala imiphumela yomsindo (ama-trills ezinyoni, umoya womoya nabanye);
• ukwenza ukuphelezelana komculo nomsindo kumafilimu, amakhonsathi, imidlalo yesekisi.

Isimiso sokusebenza

Umgomo wokusebenza kwensimbi yomculo usekelwe ekuqondeni ukuthi imisindo iwukuvevezela komoya, okufana naleyo eyakha inkambu kazibuthe, okwenza izintambo zikagesi zihlokome. Okuqukethwe kwangaphakathi kwedivayisi yipheya lamajeneretha adala ama-oscillations. Umehluko wefrequency phakathi kwawo ukuvama komsindo. Uma umdlali esondeza iminwe othini, amandla enkundla ayizungezile ashintsha, okuholela kumanothi aphezulu.

I-Theremin iqukethe izimpondo ezimbili:

• ifreyimu, eklanyelwe ukulungisa ivolumu (okwenziwa ngesandla sobunxele);
• rod ukushintsha ukhiye (kwesokudla).

Umculi, esondeza iminwe yakhe ku-loop antenna, wenza umsindo uphakame. Ukusondeza iminwe yakho ku-antenna yenduku kukhulisa ukuphakama.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-remin

Izinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene ze-remin zidalwe. Amadivayisi akhiqizwa ngochungechunge futhi ngawodwana.

Classic

Eyokuqala eyakhiwe i-theremin, umsebenzi wayo ohlinzekwa ukunyakaza okungafanele kwezandla zombili emkhakheni we-electromagnetic ezungeze izimpondo. Umculi usebenza emile.

Kunamamodeli ambalwa angajwayelekile angajwayelekile adalwe ekuqaleni kokusabalala kwethuluzi:

• ikhophi yomculi waseMelika uClara Rockmore;
• umculi uLucy Rosen, obizwa ngokuthi “umphostoli of the theremin”;
• Natalia Lvovna Theremin - indodakazi umdali womculo;
• 2 amakhophi emnyuziyamu agcinwe eMoscow Polytechnic kanye neCentral Museum of Musical Culture.

Izibonelo zakudala yizona ezivame kakhulu. Imodeli edayiswa ngenkuthalo ivela kumkhiqizi waseMelika uMoog, owaqala ukuthengisa ithuluzi eliyingqayizivele kusukela ngo-1954.

Kowalski izinhlelo

Inguqulo ye-pedal ye-theremin yasungulwa ngumculi uKonstantin Ioilevich Kovalsky. Ngenkathi edlala insimbi, umculi ulawula iphimbo ngesandla esingakwesokudla. Isandla sobunxele, sisebenzisa ibhulokhi enezinkinobho zokukhohlisa, silawula izici eziyinhloko zomsindo okhishiwe. Amaphedali awokushintsha ivolumu. Umculi usebenza endaweni ehlezi.

Inguqulo ye-Pedal ye-Kowalski ayijwayelekile. Kodwa isetshenziswa abafundi bakaKovalsky - uLev Korolev noZoya Dugina-Ranevskaya, abahlela izifundo zaseMoscow lapho. Umfundi kaDunina-Ranevskaya, u-Olga Milanich, uwukuphela komculi okhokhelwayo odlala insimbi yokunyathela.

Umsunguli uLev Dmitrievich Korolev wazama isikhathi eside ekwakhiweni kwe-theremin. Ngenxa yalokho, kwadalwa i-tershumfon - okuhlukile kwensimbi, eklanyelwe ukukhiqiza umsindo webhendi emincane, ebonakala ngephimbo lomsindo elikhanyayo.

I-Matremin

Igama eliyinqaba lanikezwa insimbi yomculo eyasungulwa i-Japanese Masami Takeuchi ngo-1999. AmaJapane athanda onodoli abazalela, ngakho umsunguli wafihla amajeneretha ngaphakathi kwethoyizi laseRussia. Ivolumu yocingo ilungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo, imvamisa yomsindo ilawulwa ngokushintsha indawo yesundu. Abafundi baseJapan abanekhono bahlela amakhonsathi amakhulu anabahlanganyeli abangaphezu kuka-200.

Virtual

Okusunguliwe kwesimanje wuhlelo lwe-theremin lwamakhompuyutha wesikrini esithintwayo nama-smartphone. Uhlelo lokuxhumanisa luboniswa kumqapha, i-axis eyodwa ibonisa imvamisa yomsindo, eyesibili - ivolumu.

Umdlali uthinta imonitha ezindaweni ezithile zokuxhumanisa. Uhlelo, lucubungula ulwazi, luphendulela amaphuzu akhethiwe abe yiphimbo nevolumu, bese kutholwa umsindo oyifunayo. Uma uhambisa umunwe wakho kumonitha ohlangothini oluvundlile, iphimbo liyashintsha, liqonde mpo, ivolumu.

Umlando wokudala

Umsunguli we-theremin - Lev Sergeevich Termen - umculi, usosayensi, umsunguli we-electronics, ubuntu bokuqala, ozungezwe amahlebezi amaningi. Wayesolwa ngobunhloli, baqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi yomculo eyakhiwe yayiyinqaba futhi iyimfihlakalo kangangokuthi umbhali ngokwakhe wayesaba ukuyidlala.

ULev Theremin wayengowomndeni ohlonishwayo, wazalelwa eSt. Petersburg ngo-1896. Wafunda e-conservatory, waba i-cellist, waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe e-Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, uLev Sergeevich wasebenza njengonjiniyela wezokuxhumana. Esikhathini sangemva kwempi, wathatha isayensi, efunda izakhiwo zikagesi zamagesi. Khona-ke umlando wensimbi yomculo waqala, eyathola igama layo egameni lomdali kanye negama elithi "vox" - izwi.

Ukusungulwa kwabona ukukhanya ngo-1919. Ngo-1921, usosayensi wanikeza umphakathi wonke leli thuluzi, okubangela injabulo nokumangala. U-Lev Sergeevich wamenywa kuLenin, owayala ngokushesha ukuthi usosayensi athunyelwe ohambweni lwezwe ngokusungulwa komculo. ULenin, ngaleso sikhathi owayegxile ekufakeni ugesi, wabona lapho ithuluzi lokuthuthukisa umbono wezombangazwe.

Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1920, u-Theremin waya eNtshonalanga Yurophu, wabe eseya e-United States, kuyilapho ehlala eyisakhamuzi saseSoviet. Kwaba namahemuhemu okuthi ngaphansi kokucasha kukasosayensi nomculi wathunyelwa ukuba abe yinhloli, ukuze athole intuthuko yesayensi.

Insimbi yomculo engavamile kwamanye amazwe yabangela injabulo encane kunasekhaya. Abantu baseParis bathengise amathikithi okuya eshashalazini ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenkulumo kasosayensi-umculi. Ngawo-1930, u-Theremin wasungula inkampani ye-Teletouch e-USA ukuze yenze ama-themins.

Ekuqaleni, ibhizinisi lalihamba kahle, kodwa ngokushesha inzalo yokuthenga yoma. Kwavela ukuthi ukuze udlale ngempumelelo i-theremin, udinga indlebe ekahle yomculo, ngisho nabaculi abaqeqeshiwe abazange babhekane nensimbi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuze ingabhubhi, inkampani yathatha ama-alamu.

Ukusebenzisa

Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka, ithuluzi lalibhekwa njengelikhohliwe. Nakuba amathuba okudlala kuwo ehlukile.

Abanye abaculi bazama ukubuyisela isithakazelo kumshini womculo. Umzukulu kaLev Sergeevich Termen owasungulwa eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg okuwukuphela kwesikole sokudlala i-theremin emazweni e-CIS. Esinye isikole, esiphethwe uMasami Takeuchi okukhulunywe ngaye ngaphambili, siseJapane.

Umsindo we-theremin ungazwakala kumamuvi. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, kwakhululwa ifilimu ethi "Man on the Moon", ekhuluma ngosonkanyezi uNeil Armstrong. Ekuhambisaneni nomculo, i-remin izwakala ngokucacile, idlulisela ngokucacile isimo somlando wendawo.

Namuhla, insimbi yomculo iyavuselelwa. Bakhumbula ngakho, bazama ukuyisebenzisa kumakhonsathi e-jazz, kuma-orchestra asendulo, bawagcwalise ngomculo we-elekthronikhi nowohlanga. Kuze kube manje, bangu-15 kuphela abantu emhlabeni abadlala i-remin ngokomsebenzi, futhi abanye abadlali bayazifundisa futhi abanamfundo yomculo.

I-theremin iyinsimbi encane, ethembisayo enomsindo oyingqayizivele, omlingo. Noma ubani ofuna, ngomzamo, uyakwazi ukufunda ukuyidlala ngendlela ehloniphekile. Kumdlali ngamunye, insimbi izwakala ingeyokuqala, idlulisa isimo nomlingisi. Kulindelwe igagasi lentshisekelo kudivayisi ehlukile.