Victoria de Los Angeles |

Los Angeles Ukunqoba

UVictoria de Los Angeles wazalwa ngoNovemba 1, 1923 e-Barcelona, ​​​​emndenini womculo kakhulu. Kakade esemncane, wathola amakhono amakhulu omculo. Ngokusikisela kukanina, owayenezwi elihle kakhulu, uVictoria osemncane wangena e-Barcelona Conservatory, lapho aqala khona ukufundela ukucula, ukudlala upiyano nesiginci. Kakade imidlalo yokuqala yaseLos Angeles emakhonsathini abafundi, ngokusho kofakazi bokuzibonela, kwakuyimidlalo yenkosi.

Ukuqala kukaVictoria de Los Angeles esiteji esikhulu kwenzeka lapho eneminyaka engu-23 ubudala: wahlabelela ingxenye ye-Countess e-Mozart's Marriage of Figaro e-Liceo Theatre e-Barcelona. Lokhu kwalandelwa ukunqoba emqhudelwaneni ohlonishwa kakhulu wezwi eGeneva (umncintiswano we-Geneva), lapho ijaji lilalela abadlali ngokungaziwa, lihlezi ngemuva kwamakhethini. Ngemva kwalokhu kunqoba, ngo-1947, uVictoria wathola isimemo esivela enkampanini yomsakazo ye-BBC ukuba abambe iqhaza ekusakazeni i-opera ka-Manuel de Falla ethi Life is Short; ukusebenza okumangalisayo kwendima kaSalud kunikeze umculi osemusha ukudlula kuzo zonke izigaba ezihamba phambili zomhlaba.

Iminyaka emithathu ezayo iletha iLos Angeles udumo olwengeziwe. U-Victoria waqala ukubonakala ku-Grand Opera naku-Metropolitan Opera e-Gounod's Faust, i-Covent Garden yamshayela ihlombe ku-La Bohème kaPuccini, futhi izethameli eziqaphelayo zase-La Scala zambingelela ngentshiseko u-Ariadne ku-opera ka-Richard Strauss. U-Ariadne ku-Naxos. Kodwa isiteji se-Metropolitan Opera, lapho i-Los Angeles idlala khona kaningi, iba yisiteji esiyisisekelo somculi.

Cishe ngokushesha ngemva kwempumelelo yakhe yokuqala, uVictoria wasayina inkontileka yesikhathi eside ekhethekile ne-EMI, eyanquma isiphetho sakhe esijabulisayo ekurekhodweni komsindo. Sekukonke, umculi uqophe ama-opera angama-21 nezinhlelo ezingaphezu kuka-25 zegumbi le-EMI; okuningi okuqoshiwe kwafakwa esikhwameni segolide sobuciko bezwi.

Ngesitayela sokudlala sase-Los Angeles akubangakho ukuwohloka okudabukisayo, ubukhazikhazi obuyisikhumbuzo, akukho nkanuko yenjabulo - yonke into evamise ukuhlanyisa izethameli ze-opera eziphakeme. Noma kunjalo, abagxeki abaningi nabathandi be-opera bakhuluma nje ngomculi njengomunye wabaqokelwe isihloko esithi "soprano yekhulu leminyaka". Kunzima ukunquma ukuthi kwakuluhlobo luni lwe-soprano - i-lyric-dramatic, lyric, lyric-coloratura, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho ne-mezzo ehamba phambili ehamba phambili; azikho izincazelo ezizobonakala zilungile, ngoba ngamaphimbo ahlukahlukene i-gavotte kaManon (“Manon”) kanye nezothando zikaSantuzza (“Udumo Lwezwe”), i-aria kaVioletta (“La Traviata”) kanye nokubhula kukaCarmen (“Carmen ”), Indaba ka-Mimi ( “La Bohème”) kanye nokubingelela okuvela ku-Elizabeth (“Tannhäuser”), izingoma zika-Schubert no-Fauré, ama-canzones ka-Scarlatti kanye nama-goyesque ka-Granados, ebezise-repertoire yomculi.

Wona kanye umbono wokungqubuzana kwama-Victorian wawungaphandle. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekuphileni okuvamile umculi naye wazama ukugwema izimo ezinzima, futhi lapho bevuka, wakhetha ukubaleka; ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokungavumelani noBeecham, esikhundleni sokungqubuzana kwesiphepho, wavele wathatha futhi wahamba phakathi neseshini yokuqopha uCarmen, ngenxa yalokho ukuqoshwa kwaqedwa ngemva konyaka kuphela. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yalezi zizathu, umsebenzi wokusebenza e-Los Angeles wathatha isikhathi esingaphansi kakhulu kunomsebenzi wakhe wekhonsathi, ongayeki kuze kube muva nje. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yomculi esephuzile ku-opera, umuntu kufanele aphawule izingxenye ezihambisana kahle neziculwa kahle ngokulinganayo zika-Angelica ku-Vivaldi's Furious Roland (okukodwa kokurekhodiwe okumbalwa kwase-Los Angeles okwenziwe hhayi ku-EMI, kodwa ku-Erato, eqhutshwa nguClaudio Shimone) kanye no-Dido. ku-Dido no-Aeneas ka-Purcell (no-John Barbirolli esitendini somqhubi).

Phakathi kwalabo ababambe iqhaza ekhonsathini yokuhlonipha iminyaka engu-75 kaVictoria de Los Angeles ngo-September 1998, kwakungekho noyedwa umculi wezwi - umculi ngokwakhe wayefuna kanjalo. Naye akakwazanga ukuhambela umgubho wakhe ngenxa yokugula. Isizathu esifanayo savimbela ukuvakashela kweLos Angeles eSt. Petersburg ekwindla ka-1999, lapho ayezoba yilungu lejaji le-Elena Obraztsova International Vocal Competition.

Izingcaphuno ezimbalwa ezingxoxweni nomculi weminyaka ehlukene:

“Ngake ngakhuluma nabangane bakaMaria Callas, bathi lapho uMaria evela kwa-MET, umbuzo wakhe wokuqala wawuthi: “Ngitshele ukuthi uVictoria uthandani ngempela?” Akekho owakwazi ukumphendula. Nganginedumela elinjalo. Ngenxa yokunganakwa kwakho, ibanga, uyaqonda? Nganyamalala. Akekho owayazi ukuthi kwenzekani kimi ngaphandle kwasetiyetha.

Angikaze ngiye ezindaweni zokudlela noma kuma-nightclub. Ngisanda kusebenzela ekhaya ngedwa. Bangibone esiteji kuphela. Akekho owayengazi nokuthi ngizizwa kanjani nganoma yini, ukuthi ziyini izinkolelo zami.

Kwakubi ngempela. Ngaphila izimpilo ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele. U-Victoria de Los Angeles - isihlabani se-opera, isazi somphakathi, "intombazane enempilo ye-MET", njengoba babengibiza kanjalo - no-Victoria Margina, owesifazane ongenakuqhathaniswa, ogcwele umsebenzi, njengawo wonke umuntu. Manje kubonakala kuyinto engavamile. Ukube bengiphinda ngikuleso simo, bengizoziphatha ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele.”

“Bengilokhu ngicula ngendlela ebengifisa ngayo. Naphezu kwazo zonke izinkulumo kanye nazo zonke izimangalo zabagxeki, akekho owake wangitshela ukuthi ngenzeni. Angikaze ngibone izindima zami zesikhathi esizayo esiteji, futhi-ke kwakungekho abaculi abakhulu ababezofika bezocula eSpain ngokushesha ngemva kwempi. Ngakho angikwazanga ukumodela izincazelo zami kunoma iyiphi iphethini. Ngibe nenhlanhla futhi ngokuthi ngathola ithuba lokusebenza ngedwa kule ndima, ngaphandle kosizo lombhidisi noma umqondisi. Ngicabanga ukuthi lapho usemncane kakhulu futhi ungenakho okuhlangenwe nakho, ubuntu bakho bungaqedwa yilabo bantu abakulawula njengonodoli we-rag. Bafuna wena endimeni eyodwa noma kwenye ukuba uzenze ngokwakho, hhayi ngokwakho. "

“Kimina, ukwenza ikhonsathi kuyinto efana kakhulu nokuya ephathini. Lapho ufika lapho, ucishe uqonde ngokushesha ukuthi hlobo luni lomkhathi olukhula ngalobo busuku. Uhamba, uxhumane nabantu, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana ekugcineni uyabona ukuthi yini oyidingayo kusukela kulobu busuku. Kuyafana nangekhonsathi. Lapho uqala ukucula, uzwa ukusabela kokuqala futhi ngokushesha uqonde ukuthi yimuphi umngane wakho kulabo abahlangene ehholo. Udinga ukusungula ukuxhumana okuseduze nabo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1980 ngangidlala eHholo laseWigmore futhi nganginovalo kakhulu ngoba ngangingaphilanga futhi ngicishe ngilungele ukukhansela umdlalo. Kodwa ngangena esiteji futhi, ukuze nginqobe ukwethuka, ngaphendukela ezilalelini: “Ningashaya izandla, uma nithanda,” futhi zafuna. Wonke umuntu wakhululeka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke ikhonsathi enhle, njengephathi emnandi, iyithuba lokuhlangana nabantu abamangalisayo, uphumule enkampanini yabo bese uqhubeka nebhizinisi lakho, ugcina inkumbulo yesikhathi esihle esisichithe ndawonye.”

Le ncwadi yasebenzisa isihloko sika-Ilya Kukharenko