Waltraud Meier |

Waltraud Meier

Ngo-1983, kwafika izindaba ezijabulisayo zivela eBayreuth: “inkanyezi” entsha kaWagnerian “yayikhanyisiwe”! Igama lakhe nguWaltraud Mayer.

Kuqale kanjani konke…

UWaltraud wazalelwa eWürzburg ngo-1956. Ekuqaleni wafunda ukudlala irekhoda, wabe esefunda upiyano, kodwa, njengoba umculi ngokwakhe esho, akazange ahluke ekukhulumeni kahle iminwe. Futhi lapho engakwazi ukuveza imizwa yakhe kukhibhodi, washaya isivalo sepiyano ngokufutheka okukhulu waqala ukucula.

Ukucula bekulokhu kuyindlela engokwemvelo ngokuphelele kimi yokuziveza. Kodwa angikaze ngicabange ukuthi kuzoba umsebenzi wami. Okwani? Ngabe ngidlala umculo impilo yami yonke.

Ngemva kokuqeda isikole, wangena enyuvesi futhi wayezoba uthisha wesiNgisi nesiFulentshi. Wayefunda nezifundo zezwi ngasese. Ngendlela, ngokuphathelene nokuthanda, uthando lwakhe ngaleyo minyaka lwalungeyena nhlobo abaqambi be-classical, kodwa iqembu le-Bee Gees kanye nama-chansonniers aseFrance.

Futhi manje, ngemva konyaka wezifundo zephimbo zangasese, uthisha wami ngokungazelelwe wanginikeza inhlolokhono yesikhundla esasingenamuntu eWürzburg Opera House. Ngacabanga: kungani kungenjalo, akukho engingalahlekelwa. Angizange ngikuhlele, impilo yami ayizange incike kukho. Ngacula bangiyisa etiyetha. Ngenza umdlalo wami wokuqala njengo-Lola ku-Mascagni's Rural Honor. Kamuva ngathuthela eMannheim Opera House, lapho ngaqala khona ukudlala indima kaWagnerian. Ingxenye yami yokuqala yayiyingxenye ka-Erda evela ku-opera ethi “Gold of the Rhine”. IMannheim yayiwuhlobo lwefekthri kimi - ngenza izindima ezingaphezu kuka-30 lapho. Ngacula zonke izingxenye ze-mezzo-soprano, kuhlanganise nalezo engangingakazifanelekeli ngaleso sikhathi.

Inyuvesi, kunjalo, uWaltraud Mayer wehlulekile ukuqeda. Kodwa futhi akazange ayithole imfundo yomculo, kanjalo. Amatiyetha kwakuyisikole sakhe. Ngemuva kweMannheim kulandele iDortmund, Hanover, Stuttgart. Bese kuba Vienna, Munich, London, Milan, New York, Paris. Futhi, kunjalo, i-Bayreuth.

UWaltraud noBayreuth

Umculi usitshela ukuthi uWaltraud Mayer wagcina kanjani eBayreuth.

Ngemva kokuba sengisebenze iminyaka eminingana ezinkundleni zemidlalo yeshashalazi ehlukahlukene futhi sengivele ngenza izingxenye ze-Wagnerian, kwase kuyisikhathi sokuyohlolwa eBayreuth. Ngizibizele khona mina ngeza kunhlolokhono. Futhi-ke umphelezeli wadlala indima enkulu esiphethweni sami, okwathi, lapho ebone i-clavier yeParsifal, wanginika ukuthi ngicule uKundry. Ngathi kubo: ini? lapha e-Bayreuth? Kundry? Mina? UNkulunkulu akakuvumeli, neze! Wathi, awu, ngani? Yilapho ongazikhombisa khona. Ngabe sengivuma ngayicula kunhlolokhono. Ngakho ngo-83, kule ndima, ngenza i-debut yami esiteji saseBayreuth.

U-Bas Hans Zotin ukhumbula ukusebenzisana kwakhe kokuqala noWaltraud Mayer ngo-1983 eBayreuth.

Sacula eParsifal. Lokhu bekungumdlalo wakhe wokuqala njengoKundry. Kuvele ukuthi uWaltraud uthanda ukulala ekuseni kwathi ngehora leshumi nambili, sekugamenxe ihora lokuqala wafika nezwi elinobuthongo obungaka, ngacabanga, Nkulunkulu, ungabhekana nakancane le ndima namuhla. Kodwa ngokumangalisayo - ngemva kwesigamu sehora izwi lakhe lalizwakala kahle.

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-17 yokubambisana phakathi kukaWaltraud Maier kanye nenhloko yomkhosi weBayreuth, umzukulu kaRichard Wagner, uWolfgang Wagner, kwavela ukungezwani okungalungiseki, futhi umculi wamemezela ukuhamba kwakhe eBayreuth. Kucace bha ukuthi umkhosi, hhayi umculi, ulahlekile ngenxa yalokhu. U-Waltraud Maier nabalingiswa bakhe bakwa-Wagnerian usevele wangena emlandweni. Umqondisi we-Vienna State Opera, u-Angela Tsabra, uyatshela.

Lapho ngihlangana noWaltraud lapha ku-State Opera, wethulwa njengomculi waseWagnerian. Igama lakhe lalixhunywe ngokungenakuhlukaniswa noKundry. Bathi uWaltraud Mayer - funda uKundry. Uwazi kahle umsebenzi wakhe, iphimbo lakhe alinikwe iNkosi, uyakhuzwa, usasebenza ngobuchule bakhe, akayeki ukufunda. Lokhu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwakhe, ubuntu bakhe - uhlala enomuzwa wokuthi kufanele aqhubeke nokuzisebenzela.

Ozakwethu mayelana noWaltraud Maier

Kodwa uyini umbono ka-Waltraud Mayer umqhubi uDaniel Barenboim, angazange enze kuphela imikhiqizo eminingi, eyenziwa emakhonsathini, kodwa futhi wabhala i-Der Ring des Nibelungen, i-Tristan ne-Isolde, i-Parsifal, i-Tannhäuser:

Lapho umculi esemncane, angahlaba umxhwele ngezwi nangethalente lakhe. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuningi kuncike ekutheni umculi uyaqhubeka nokusebenza kangakanani futhi athuthukise isipho sakhe. UWaltraud unakho konke. Futhi enye into: akalokothi ahlukanise umculo nedrama, kodwa uhlale exhuma lezi zingxenye.

Iqondiswe nguJurgen Flimm:

UWaltraud kuthiwa uyindoda exakile. Nokho, uhlakaniphile nje.

Induna uHans Zotin:

UWaltraud, njengoba besho, uyihhashi lomsebenzi. Uma ukwazi ukuxhumana naye empilweni, ngeke neze ube nomuzwa wokuthi unombono wokuthi une-prima donna enama-quirks, ama-whims noma isimo sengqondo esishintshayo. Uyintombazane evamile ngokuphelele. Kodwa kusihlwa, lapho ikhethini liphakama, uyaguqulwa.

Umqondisi we-Vienna State Opera u-Angela Tsabra:

Uphila umculo nomphefumulo wakhe. Uheha ababukeli nozakwabo ukuthi balandele indlela yakhe.

Ucabangani umculi ngaye:

Bacabanga ukuthi ngifuna ukuphelela kukho konke, ngiphelele. Mhlawumbe kunjalo. Uma kukhona okungangilungeli, khona-ke angigculisekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngiyazi ukuthi kufanele ngizigweme kancane futhi ngikhethe lokho okubaluleke kakhulu kimina - ukuphelela kobuchwepheshe noma ukuzwakalisa? Yiqiniso, kungaba kuhle ukuhlanganisa isithombe esifanele nomsindo ocacile, ocacile ophelele, umbala ogqamile. Lokhu kuyinto enhle futhi, yebo, ngihlala ngilwela lokhu. Kodwa uma lokhu kungaphumeleli ngobusuku obunye, ngicabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ngidlulisele emphakathini incazelo etholakala emculweni nemizwa.

UWaltraud Mayer - umlingisi

UWaltraud waba nenhlanhla yokusebenza nabaqondisi abavelele besikhathi sakhe (noma naye?) - UJean-Pierre Ponnel, uHarry Kupfer, uPeter Konwitschny, uJean-Luc Bondi, uFranco Zeffirelli noPatrice Chereau, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe adala isithombe esiyingqayizivele. kaMary ovela ku-opera kaBerg "Wozzeck."

Enye yezintatheli yabiza uMayer ngokuthi “Callas of our time.” Ekuqaleni, lesi siqhathaniso sabonakala sikude kakhulu kimi. Kodwa-ke, ngabona ukuthi uzakwethu wayesho ukuthini. Abekho abambalwa abahlabeleli abanezwi elimnandi nobuchule obuphelele. Kodwa kukhona abadlali abambalwa kuphela phakathi kwabo. Ngobuciko - ngokombono weshashalazi - isithombe esidaliwe yilokho okwahlukanisa uKallas eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 edlule, futhi yilokhu uWaltraud Meyer aziswa ngakho namuhla. Ungakanani umsebenzi osele ngemuva kwalokhu - nguye kuphela owaziyo.

Ukuze ngisho ukuthi namuhla indima iphumelele, inhlanganisela yezinto eziningi iyadingeka. Okokuqala, kubalulekile kimi ukuthola indlela efanele yokudala isithombe enqubweni yomsebenzi ozimele. Okwesibili, esiteji okuningi kuncike kumlingani. Okufanelekile, uma singadlala naye ngababili, njengase-ping-pong, siphonsa ibhola komunye nomunye.

Ngiyizwa ngempela isudi - ithambile, noma ngabe indwangu iyageleza noma ivimbela umnyakazo wami - lokhu kushintsha umdlalo wami. Amawigi, izimonyo, indawo - konke lokhu kubalulekile kimi, yilokhu engingakufaka emdlalweni wami. Ukukhanya nakho kunendima enkulu. Ngihlala ngibheka izindawo ezikhanyisiwe futhi ngidlala ngokukhanya nethunzi. Ekugcineni, i-geometry esiteji, ukuthi izinhlamvu zitholakala kanjani komunye nomunye - uma zihambisana ne-ramp, zibheke izethameli, njengaseshashalazini yamaGreki, khona-ke umbukeli uhilelekile kulokho okwenzekayo. Enye into uma bephendukela omunye komunye, khona-ke inkhulumomphendvulwano yabo iqondene nomuntu. Konke lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kimi.

Umqondisi we-Vienna Opera u-Joan Holender, owazi u-Waltraud iminyaka engu-20, umbiza ngokuthi umlingisi wezinga eliphezulu kakhulu.

Kusukela ekusebenzeni kuya ekusebenzeni, u-Waltraud Meier unemibala emisha nama-nuances. Ngakho-ke, akukho ukusebenza okufana nokunye. Ngimthanda kakhulu uCarmen, kodwa no-Santuzza. Indima engiyithandayo ekusebenzeni kwakhe ngu-Ortrud. Akachazeki!

UWaltraud, ngokuvuma kwakhe, unesifiso sokuvelela. Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho ebeka ibha phezulu kancane.

Ngezinye izikhathi ngiye ngesaba ukuthi angikwazi ukukwenza. Lokhu kwenzeka nge-Isolde: Ngayifunda futhi kakade ngacula e-Bayreuth, futhi kungazelelwe ngabona ukuthi, ngokwemibandela yami, ngangingakavuthwa ngokwanele kule ndima. Kwenzeka okufanayo nangendima kaLeonora kuFidelio. Kodwa noma kunjalo ngaqhubeka nokusebenza. Angiyena omunye walabo abadelayo. Ngicinga ngize ngithole.

Indima eyinhloko kaWaltraud yi-mezzo-soprano. U-Beethoven wabhala ingxenye kaLeonora ye-dramatic soprano. Futhi lena akuyona ukuphela kwengxenye ye-soprano ku-repertoire kaWaltraud. Ngo-1993, uWaltraud Mayer wanquma ukuzizama njenge-dramatic soprano - futhi waphumelela. Kusukela lapho, i-Isolde yakhe evela ku-opera kaWagner ibe ngenye yezihamba phambili emhlabeni.

Umqondisi uJürgen Flimm uthi:

I-Isolde yakhe isivele yaba yinganekwane. Futhi kuyalungisiswa. Uwenza kahle kakhulu umsebenzi wezandla, ubuchwepheshe, kuze kufike emininingwaneni emincane kakhulu. Indlela asebenza ngayo embhalweni, emculweni, ukuthi ukuhlanganisa kanjani - ababaningi abangakwazi ukukwenza. Futhi enye into: uyakwazi ukujwayela isimo esiteji. Ucabanga konke okwenzeka ekhanda lomlingisi abese ehumusha ngomnyakazo. Futhi indlela akwazi ukuveza isimilo sakhe ngezwi lakhe iyamangalisa!

U-Waltraud Mayer:

Ezingxenyeni ezinkulu, njengokuthi, isibonelo, i-Isolde, lapho kukhona ukucula okuhlanzekile kuphela cishe amahora angu-2, ngiqala ukusebenza kusengaphambili. Ngaqala ukumfundisa iminyaka emine ngaphambi kokuba ngiqale ngiye naye esiteji, ngibeke phansi i-clavier ngiqale futhi.

U-Tristan wakhe, u-tenor Siegfried Yeruzalem, ukhuluma ngokusebenza noWaltraud Mayer ngale ndlela.

Sekuyiminyaka engu-20 ngicula noWaltraud ngentokozo enkulu. Ungumculi nomlingisikazi ovelele, sonke siyakwazi lokho. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho, sisalungile komunye nomunye. Sinobudlelwano obuhle kakhulu babantu, futhi, njengomthetho, imibono efanayo kwezobuciko. Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi sibizwe ngombhangqwana ophelele eBayreuth.

Kungani ngempela uWagner aba umqambi wayo, uWaltraud Mayer uphendula ngale ndlela:

Imibhalo yakhe iyangithakasela, ingenza ngithuthuke futhi ngiqhubekele phambili. Izindikimba zama-opera akhe, ngokombono wengqondo kuphela, zithakazelisa ngokusangana. Ungakwazi ukusebenza ezithombeni ngokungapheli uma usondela kulokhu ngokuningiliziwe. Isibonelo, manje bheka le ndima kusukela ohlangothini lwengqondo, manje kusukela ohlangothini lwefilosofi, noma, isibonelo, funda umbhalo kuphela. Noma bukela i-orchestration, uhole ingoma, noma ubone ukuthi u-Wagner uwasebenzisa kanjani amakhono akhe ezwi. Futhi ekugcineni, bese uhlanganisa konke. Ngingakwenza lokhu ngokungapheli. Angicabangi ukuthi ngiyoke ngiqedele ukusebenza kulokhu.

Omunye umlingani okahle, ngokombiko waseJalimane, kwakunguPlacido Domingo kaWaltraud Mayer. Usendimeni kaSiegmund, usephinde waba sengxenyeni yesoprano yaseSieglinde.

I-Placido Domingo:

U-Waltraud namuhla ungumculi wezinga eliphezulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ku-repertoire yaseJalimane, kodwa hhayi kuphela. Kwanele ukusho izindima zakhe kuDon Carlos kaVerdi noma uCarmen ka-Bizet. Kodwa ithalenta lakhe lembulwa ngokucacile ku-repertoire ye-Wagnerian, lapho kunezingxenye sengathi zibhalelwe izwi lakhe, isibonelo, i-Kundry e-Parsifal noma i-Sieglinde e-Valkyrie.

U-Waltraud mayelana nomuntu siqu

UWaltraud Maier uhlala eMunich futhi ubheka leli dolobha “njengelakhe” ngempela. Akashadile futhi akanazo izingane.

Iqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi womculi we-opera wangithonya liyaqondakala. Uhambo oluqhubekayo luholela eqinisweni lokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukugcina izibopho ezinobungane. Kodwa mhlawumbe yingakho nginaka kakhulu lokhu, ngoba abangane basho lukhulu kimi.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ngempilo emfushane yobungcweti yabaculi baseWagnerian. U-Waltraud usewaphule wonke amarekhodi mayelana nalokhu. Nokho, ekhuluma ngekusasa, izwi elidabukisayo livela ezwini lakhe:

Sengiyacabanga ukuthi ngizocula isikhathi esingakanani, kodwa lo mcabango awungisindi. Kubaluleke kakhulu kimina ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele ngiyenze manje, ukuthi yini umsebenzi wami manje, ngethemba lokuthi lapho usuku lufika futhi ngizophoqeleka ukuyeka - nganoma yisiphi isizathu - ngizokubekezelela ngomoya ophansi.

Karina Kardasheva, operanews.ru