Cishe ezintathu izinhlobo ezinkulu

Uyazi kakade ukuthi ngokuvamile umculo uqoshwa ngezindlela ezinkulu nezincane. Zombili lezi zindlela zinezinhlobo ezintathu - isikali semvelo, isikali se-harmonic kanye nesikali se-melodic. Akukho lutho olubi ngemuva kwalawa magama: isisekelo siyefana kubo bonke, kuphela ku-harmonic ne-melodic enkulu noma izinyathelo ezincane ezithile (VI kanye ne-VII) ushintsho. Encane bayokwenyuka, futhi ngenkulu bayokwehla.

Izinhlobo ezi-3 zokukhulu: okokuqala - kwemvelo

Isikhulu semvelo - lesi isikali esikhulu esijwayelekile esinezimpawu zaso ezibalulekile, uma zikhona, vele, futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokushintsha okungahleliwe. Ezinhlotsheni ezintathu ezinkulu, lena itholakala kaningi kunezinye emisebenzini yomculo.

Isilinganiso esikhulu sisekelwe kufomula eyaziwayo yokulandelana esikalini samathoni aphelele nama-semitones: I-TT-PT-TTT-PT. Ungafunda kabanzi ngalokhu lapha.

Bheka izibonelo zezikali ezinkulu ezimbalwa ezilula ngendlela yazo yemvelo: enkulu yemvelo engu-C, isikali esikhulu sika-G ngesimo saso semvelo, kanye nesikali sokhiye we-F yemvelo enkulu:

3 izinhlobo ezinkulu: eyesibili i-harmonic

I-Harmonic enkulu - lena enkulu eneziqu eziphansi zesithupha (VIb). Lesi sinyathelo sesithupha siyehliswa ukuze sisondele kwesesihlanu. Idigri yesithupha ephansi emisindo emikhulu ithakazelisa kakhulu - ibonakala "iyinciphisa", futhi imodi iba mnene, ithola ama-shades we-oriental languor.

Yile ndlela izikali ezinkulu ze-harmonic zokhiye ababoniswe ngaphambilini u-C omkhulu, u-G omkhulu no-F omkhulu ubukeka kanjani.

Ku-C enkulu, i-A-flat yavela - isibonakaliso soshintsho ku-degree yesithupha yemvelo, eyaba yi-harmonic. Ku-G enkulu kwavela uphawu elithi E-flat, kuthi ngo-F olukhulu - D-flat.

3 izinhlobo ezinkulu: okwesithathu - melodic

Njengakwi-melodic minor, ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo, izinyathelo ezimbili zishintsha ngesikhathi esisodwa - VI kanye ne-VII, yonke into lapha kuphela ehluke ngokuphelele. Okokuqala, le misindo emibili ayivuki, njengasemincane, kodwa iwa. Okwesibili, azishintshi ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okuya phezulu, kodwa ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okuya phansi. Kodwa-ke, yonke into inengqondo: esikalini esincane se-melodic bakhuphuka ngokunyakaza okukhuphukayo, futhi esikalini esincane se-melodic banciphisa ukunyakaza okwehla. Kubonakala sengathi kufanele kube kanje.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngenxa yokwehliswa kwesigaba sesithupha, zonke izinhlobo zezikhathi ezithakazelisayo zingakha phakathi kwalesi sigaba neminye imisindo - yanda futhi yehla. Lokhu kungaba ama-tritones noma izikhawu zesici - ngincoma ukuthi ubheke lokhu.

I-Melodic enkulu - lesi yisikali esikhulu lapho, ngokunyakaza okukhuphukayo, isilinganiso semvelo sidlalwa, futhi ngokuhamba phansi, izinyathelo ezimbili zehliswa - eyesithupha neyesikhombisa (VIb ne-VIIb).

Izibonelo ze-notation zefomu le-melodic - okhiye abakhulu u-C, u-G omkhulu no-F omkhulu:

Ku-melodic C enkulu, amafulethi amabili "engozini" avela ngokunyakaza okwehlayo - i-B-flat ne-A-flat. Ku-G enkulu yefomu le-melodic, i-F-sharp iqala ukukhanselwa (idigri yesikhombisa yehliswa), bese kuvela iflethi ngaphambi kwenothi E (idigri yesithupha yehliswa). Ku-melodic F enkulu, kuvela amafulethi amabili: E-flat kanye ne-D-flat.

Futhi ngesinye isikhathi…

Ngakho kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu. It zemvelo (elula), i-harmonic (ngesigaba sesithupha esincishisiwe) futhi melodic (lapho lapho uhambela phezulu udinga ukudlala/ukucula isikali semvelo, futhi lapho wehla udinga ukwehlisa amadigri esikhombisa nesithupha).

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