Alexander Abramovich Chernov |

Alexander Chernov

UChernov ungumqambi weLeningrad, isazi somculo, uthisha kanye nomfundisi. Izici zayo ezihlukanisayo ziwukuhlukahluka nobubanzi bezithakazelo, ukunaka izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomculo, ukulwela izingqikithi zesimanje.

Alexander Abramovich Pen (Chernov) wazalwa ngoNovemba 7, 1917 ePetrograd. Waqala ukuqamba umculo phakathi neminyaka yama-30s, lapho engena e-Musical College e-Leningrad Conservatory, kodwa wabe engakawukhethi umculo njengomsebenzi wakhe. Ngo-1939, uPeng waphothula e-Faculty of Chemistry yaseLeningrad University futhi waqala ukusebenza kulo mkhakha, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva wabuthelwa ebuthweni lezempi. Wachitha iminyaka eyisithupha enkonzweni yezempi eMpumalanga Ekude, ekwindla ka-1945 waxoshwa futhi wabuyela eLeningrad. Ngo-1950 uPeng waphothula eLeningrad Conservatory (amakilasi okuqamba kaM. Steinberg, B. Arapov noV. Voloshinov). Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uPan waqala umsebenzi womculo ohlukahlukene, ethatha isibongo sikaChernov njengegama lomqambi ekhumbula umkhwe wakhe uM. Chernov, umqambi nothisha odumile waseLeningrad.

U-Chernov ubhekisela emsebenzini wakhe ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zomculo, uzibonakalisa ngokucacile njengesazi somculo, umbhali wezincwadi nezindatshana mayelana nomculo, njengomfundisi onekhono nothisha. Umqambi waphendukela ohlotsheni lwe-operetta kabili ngo-1953-1960 ("White Nights Street" futhi, kanye no-A. Petrov, "Abafundi Abathathu Bahlala").

Indlela yokuphila ye-AA Pan (Chernov) yaphela ngoMeyi 5, 1971. Ngaphezu kwe-operettas eshiwo, uhlu lomsebenzi wokudala owenziwe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nanhlanu luhlanganisa inkondlo ye-symphonic "Danko", i-opera "Injabulo Yokuqala", a. umjikelezo wezwi osekelwe ezinkondlweni zikaPrevert, ama-ballet athi “Icarus”, “Gadfly”, “Optimistic Tragedy” kanye “Kwanqunywa endaweni” (ezokugcina ezimbili zabhalwa ngokuhlanganyela no-G. Hunger), izingoma, izingcezu zezinhlobonhlobo. i-orchestra, umculo wamakhonsathi namafilimu, izincwadi — “I. Dunayevsky", "Indlela yokulalela umculo", izahluko zencwadi ethi "Ifomu Lomculo", "Ngomculo okhanyayo, i-jazz, ukunambitheka okuhle" (ebhalwe ngokubambisana no-Bialik), izihloko zomagazini namaphephandaba, njll.

L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich

U-Andrei Petrov mayelana no-Alexander Chernov

Eminyakeni yokuqala yangemva kwempi, ngafunda eLeningrad Musical College. U-Rimsky-Korsakov. Ngaphezu kwe-solfeggio nokuvumelana, ithiyori nomlando womculo, sithathe izifundo ezijwayelekile: izincwadi, i-algebra, ulimi lwangaphandle ...

Insizwa ethile, ebukekayo kakhulu yeza izosifundisa isifundo se-physics. Ebuka ngokusibhuqa - abaqambi besikhathi esizayo, abadlali bevayolini, abadlali bopiyano - wakhuluma ngokuthakazelisayo ngo-Einstein, ngamaneutron nama-proton, wadweba amafomula ebhodini ngokushesha futhi, engathembeli ngempela ekuqondeni kwethu, ukuze abe nokukholisa okukhulu kwezincazelo zakhe, amagama axubile ngokomzimba. nezomculo.

Ngabe sengimbona esiteji seHholo Elincane le-Conservatory, ekhothame enamahloni ngemva kokusebenza kwenkondlo yakhe ye-symphonic "Danko" - ukwakheka kothando nokuzwela kakhulu. Futhi-ke, njengawo wonke umuntu owayekhona ngalolo suku, ngakhangwa inkulumo yakhe evuthayo engxoxweni yabafundi mayelana nomsebenzi womculi osemusha waseSoviet. Kwakungu-Alexander Chernov.

Umbono wokuqala ngaye, njengomuntu oguquguqukayo futhi obonakala ngokugqamile ezindaweni eziningi, akuzange kwenzeke ngengozi.

Kukhona abaculi abagxilise ithalente labo, imizamo yabo emkhakheni owodwa wokusebenza, uhlobo olulodwa lokusungula, ngokuqhubekayo nangokuqhubekayo bathuthukisa noma yikuphi ungqimba olulodwa lobuciko bomculo. Kodwa bakhona nabaculi abalwela ukuzibonakalisa emikhakheni nezinhlobo ezehlukene, kukho konke okugcina kwakha umqondo wesiko lomculo. Lolu hlobo lomculi we-universal luyisici esikhulu sekhulu lethu leminyaka - ikhulu leminyaka lomzabalazo ovulekile nobukhali wezikhundla zobuhle, ikhulu leminyaka lekhulu lomculo elithuthukisiwe ikakhulukazi othintana nabalaleli. Umqambi onjalo akayena nje umbhali womculo kuphela, kodwa futhi ungumsakazi, umhlaziyi, umfundisi, nothisha.

Iqhaza labaculi abanjalo nobukhulu balokho abakwenzile kungaqondwa kuphela ngokuhlola umsebenzi wabo usuwonke. Izingoma ezinekhono ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomculo, izincwadi ezihlakaniphile, ezithakazelisayo, ukudlala okukhazimulayo emsakazweni nakuthelevishini, kuma-plenums womqambi kanye nezingxoxo zamazwe ngamazwe - lokhu kuwumphumela lapho umuntu angahlulela khona lokho u-Alexander Chernov akwazi ukukwenza ekuphileni kwakhe okufushane njengomculi.

Namuhla, akudingekile neze ukuzama ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izindawo azenza okwengeziwe: ekuhlanganiseni, ebuntathelini, noma emisebenzini yomculo neyokufundisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nemidlalo yomlomo evelele kakhulu yabaculi, njengezingoma zika-Orpheus, ihlala enkumbulweni kuphela yalabo abayizwile. Namuhla phambi kwethu sinemisebenzi yakhe: i-opera, ama-ballets, inkondlo ye-symphonic, umjikelezo wamazwi, owenziwe waphila i-dilogy ye-Fedpn kanye nenganekwane ehlala yesimanje ka-Icarus, i-Voynich's The Gadfly, amanoveli kaRemarque aphikisana nobufascist kanye namazwi efilosofi kaPrevert. Futhi nazi izincwadi "Indlela yokulalela umculo", "Emculweni okhanyayo, ku-jazz, ngokunambitha okuhle", okusele okungaqediwe "Empikiswaneni ngomculo wesimanje". Kukho konke lokhu, izingqikithi zobuciko, izithombe ezijabulisa kakhulu ezinhliziyweni zethu namuhla, kanye nezinkinga zomculo nezobuhle ezihlala zihlale ezingqondweni zethu, zazikhona. UChernov wayengumculi wohlobo olubizwa ngokuthi ungqondongqondo. Lokhu kwazibonakalisa kokubili ebuntathelini bakhe bomculo, obuhlukaniswa ukujula nokucija kokucabanga kwakhe, nasemsebenzini womqambi wakhe, lapho ayelokhu ephendukela khona ezincwadini ezinkulu zefilosofi. Imibono nezinhlelo Zakhe zazihlale zitholwa intokozo, zithwele ubusha kanye nencazelo ejulile. Ngomkhuba wakhe wokudala, wabonakala eqinisekisa amazwi kaPushkin ukuthi umbono ophumelelayo uyingxenye yempi.

Kokubili empilweni nasemsebenzini wakhe, ukuhlala yedwa kwakungajwayelekile kulo mculi. Wayenobungane kakhulu futhi enobugovu efinyelela kubantu. Wayehlala esebenza endaweni yabo futhi walwela izindawo ezinjalo zomculo nezinhlobo lapho ayengathembela khona ekukhulumeni kwabantu: wabhala okuningi kwemidlalo yaseshashalazini ne-cinema, wanikeza izinkulumo, futhi wabamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni ezihlukahlukene.

Ekusesheni okuhlanganyelwe, izingxoxo, izingxabano, iChernov yavutha futhi yathathwa. Njengebhethri, "wakhokhiswa" ukuxhumana nabaqondisi nezimbongi, abadlali nabaculi. Futhi mhlawumbe lokhu kungachaza nokuthi izikhathi eziningana - ku-ballet Icarus, ku-operetta Abafundi Abathathu Baphila, encwadini ethi On Light Music, On Jazz, On Good Taste - wabhala ngokubambisana nabangane bakhe.

Wayenesithakazelo kukho konke okuthatha futhi okujabulisayo emhlabeni wobuhlakani bomuntu wanamuhla. Futhi hhayi emculweni kuphela. Watshelwa ngezimpumelelo zakamuva ze-physics, wayenokuqonda okuhle kakhulu kwezincwadi (yena ngokwakhe wenza i-libretto enhle kakhulu ye-opera yakhe esekelwe inoveli ka-K. Fedin), futhi wayenesithakazelo esijulile ezinkingeni ze-cinema yesimanje.

UChernov walandela ngozwela kakhulu i-barometer yempilo yethu yomculo eneziyaluyalu neshintshashintshayo. Wayehlale ekhathazeke kakhulu ngezidingo nokuthanda umculo wabathandi bomculo, ikakhulukazi intsha. Kusukela enanini elikhulu lezigigaba zomculo nezitayela ezihlukahlukene kakhulu, wazama ukusebenzisa futhi asebenzise konke ayekubheka njengomculi waseSoviet, okubalulekile futhi okudingekayo kuye nabalaleli bakhe. Wabhala umculo we-quartet nezingoma, wayenesithakazelo esijulile ku-jazz kanye nendabuko ye "bards", futhi kumaphuzu akhe okugcina - i-ballet "Icarus" - wasebenzisa amasu athile we-serial technique.

U-Alexander Chernov uneminyaka efanayo no-Okthoba, futhi iminyaka yokwakheka, isibindi sezwe lethu asikwazanga kodwa sithinte ukwakheka kokubukeka kwakhe kwezomculo nezomculo. Ubuntwana bakhe buhambisana neminyaka yezinhlelo zokuqala zeminyaka emihlanu, ubusha bakhe nempi. Waqala ukuphila ezimele njengomculi kuphela 50s zakuqala, futhi konke akwazi ukukwenza, wakwenza emashumini amabili nje eminyaka. Futhi konke lokhu kuphawulwa uphawu lwengqondo, ithalente kanye nothando lokudala. Emibhalweni yakhe, uChernov ungumdlali wezingoma. Umculo wakhe ungowothando kakhulu, izithombe zawo ziqoshwe futhi ziveza imizwa. Imibhalo yakhe eminingi imbozwe uhlobo oluthile lwe-melancholy-wayebonakala ezwa ubuthakathaka bezinsuku zakhe. Akatholanga ukwenza okuningi. Wacabanga nge-symphony, wayefuna ukubhala enye i-opera, waphupha inkondlo ye-symphonic enikezelwe ku-Kurchatov.

Ingoma yakhe yokugcina, esanda kuqala kwakuwuthando emavesini ka-A. Blok.

... Nezwi lalimtoti, nensika incane, Iphakeme kuphela, eminyango yasebukhosini, Ihileleke ekusithekeni, ingane yakhala Ukuthi akekho oyobuya.

Lolu thando lwaluzoba ingoma ye-swan ka-Alexander Chernov. Kodwa kwakusele amavesi kuphela… Azwakala njenge-epitaph ekhanyayo kumculi ohlakaniphile nonekhono.