Isitho somgqomo: ukwakheka kwensimbi, isimiso sokusebenza, umlando wemvelaphi

Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, abaculi abajikelezayo babejabulisa izibukeli emigwaqweni ngezingoma ezingenasizotha ezikhiqizwe insimbi yomculo ephathwa ngesandla ebizwa ngokuthi isitho somgwaqo. Umshini omncane owumshini wawubonakala uyindalo emangalisayo, eyimilingo. Umshini wokugaya izitho waphendula kancane isibambo sebhokisi, kwaphuma ingoma, umsindo wawo owahlaba umxhwele abantu abadala nezingane.

Isakhiwo nomgomo wokusebenza

Imiklamo yokuqala yayilula kakhulu. I-roller enezikhonkwane yafakwa ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lezinkuni, lalijikeleza, izikhonkwane zathatha "imisila" ehambisana nomsindo othile. Yile ndlela umculo olula owawudlalwa ngayo. Ngokushesha kwase kukhona izitho zomgqomo ezinomshini wexylophone, lapho izikhonkwane zisebenza kokhiye abathile. Imiklamo enjalo yayiphelele kakhulu, kwakunzima ukuyigqoka.

Naphezu kokubonakala kulula ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, isitho somphongolo sinomshini oyinkimbinkimbi futhi siyisitho esincane esingenazikhiye. Ithuluzi lisebenza ngokunikeza umoya emifuleni. Okokuqala, ngokuzungezisa isibambo esikhethekile, umoya uyampontshwa, bese kuqala ukukhipha umsindo. Ukuzungeza isibambo se-roller, i-grinder yesitho ibeka ama-levers ekuhambeni. Basebenza emihlangeni evula futhi ivale ama-valve omoya. Amapayipi amancane afakwe ngaphakathi, okukhumbuza amapayipi esitho, futhi umoya ongena kuwo, ubude bokugeleza okulawulwa ama-valve, kudala umsindo.

Ekuqaleni, i-hurdy-gurdy "yakhipha" ingoma eyodwa, kodwa ngemva kokuthuthukiswa isivele idlala izingcezu ezingu-6-8. Ukwanda kwenani lemiculo kwenzeke ngenxa yokushintshwa kwe-roller enamaphini ezinwele.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, kwavela i-hurdy-gurdy, lapho ama-roller athathelwa indawo amaribhoni anezimbobo ezinezimbobo ezihlelwe ngokulandelana okukhethekile okuhambisana namaphuzu. Umshini wathola umshini womhlanga, futhi ngenxa yokujovwa komoya owawudlula emigodini, kwavela imisindo evevezelayo, engapheli. Idivayisi efanayo yayisetshenziswa kuma-pianola.

Umlando wemvelaphi yesitho somphongolo

Ngokokuqala ngqa, isimiso esinjalo sokukhipha umsindo savela ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, abantu basendulo bafunda ukusebenzisa ama-roller anama-protrusions amancane, ngayinye yawo eyayinomthwalo wenothi elithile.

Isitho somgwaqo ngendlela abantu abaningi abazi ngayo savela ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX eYurophu. Kungenzeka ukuthi yasungulwa ngisho nangaphambili e-Holland yasendulo, lapho kugcinwe khona imidwebo yomshini kuphela. Kodwa zindala kakhulu ukuthi zingahlakaza idivayisi ngokuningiliziwe, ngakho-ke imvelaphi yesiDashi ayizange ifakazelwe. Kukholakala ukuthi lo mklamo ekuqaleni wawusetshenziselwa ukuthambisa izinyoni, yingakho wabizwa ngokuthi "drozdovka" noma "chizhovka".

Noma kunjalo, iFrance ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yesitho somphongolo. Kwakusemigwaqweni yasemadolobheni aseFrance lapho abaculi abazulazulayo behamba nebhokisi eliphathwayo elidlala ingoma ethandwayo ethi "Charmante Catherine". Ukwakhiwa kwemishini yokudlala umculo kudalwe umpetha wase-Italy u-Barbieri kanye no-Swiss Antoine Favre. Futhi indlela yokuphila yaseJalimane yangena ensimbi njenge "Drehorgel" - "isitho esijikelezayo" noma "Leierkasten" - "lyre in a box".

E-Russia, umsindo we-barrel organ waziwa ngekhulu le-19. Wabizwa ngokuthi "Katerinka" ngegama le-heroine yengoma yokuqala. Yalethwa abaculi basePoland abazulazulayo. Osayizi bezinsimbi babesukela emabhokisini amancane abengathwalwa kalula ayiswe ezakhiweni ezilingana nekhabethe. Ngaleso sikhathi, izici zedivayisi zase zithuthuke kakhulu, ngokushintsha amateyipu ane-perforated kwakungenzeka ukudlala imiculo ehlukene.

Isitho somphongolo sesiphenduke umsebenzi wangempela wobuciko. Kwavela amathuluzi, ahlotshiswe ngemidwebo, ehlotshiswe ngamatshe nemihlobiso. Ngokuvamile ama-organ grinder ayenziwa kanye nodoli, benza imidlalo emincane emigwaqweni.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umsebenzi wokugaya izitho zomzimba awukafi nanamuhla. Ezigcawini zamadolobha aseJalimane, ungahlangana nendoda endala ene-hurdy-gurdy enqoleni, ijabulisa umphakathi kanye nezivakashi. Futhi eDenmark, kuyisiko ukumema i-grinder yesitho emshadweni ukunikeza umkhosi ukunambitheka okukhethekile. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukumema umculi, khona-ke ungakwazi ukuhlangana naye e-Charles Bridge. E-Australia, abantu babamba ama-parade kumculo oyimishini. I-hurdy-gurdy endala izwakala nakwamanye amazwekazi emhlabeni.