I-Bayan: kuyini, ukwakheka kwensimbi, umsindo, umlando, izinhlobo, ukusetshenziswa

Ngemva kokuvela okokuqala eYurophu, inkinobho ye-accordion, njengohlobo lwe-harmonica, yasakazeka ngokushesha emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa le nsimbi yomculo isajabulela uthando olukhulu kakhulu eRussia - ayikho ikhonsathi yomculo wesintu engacabangeki ngaphandle kwayo.

Iyini inkinobho ye-accordion

Iqembu lamathuluzi lapho inkinobho ye-accordion iyingxenye yomhlanga, i-keyboard-pneumatic. Lena inguqulo yesiRashiya ye-accordion eyenziwa ngesandla enamakhibhodi amabili. Isihlobo esiseduze i-accordion.

Insimbi inomsindo obanzi - ama-octave angu-5. Isakhiwo sensimbi sinolaka olulinganayo.

I-Universal - ilungele abacula yedwa, abaphelezeli. Kuzwakala kucebile, ekwazi ukufaka esikhundleni se-orchestra yonke. I-Bayan ingaphansi kwanoma yimiphi imiculo - kusukela kowesintu kuye ku-virtuoso, yakudala.

Injani inkinobho ye-accordion

Ukuhlelwa kwe-accordion yenkinobho kuyinkimbinkimbi, ngokwemibandela insimbi ihlukaniswe izingxenye kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, phakathi kwazo kukhona ama-furs.

Ingxenye yesokudla

Kuyibhokisi elingunxande lapho intamo, i-soundboard, izindlela ezikhethekile zinamathiselwe. Ngokucindezela ukhiye othile, umenzi uqala umshini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-valve iphakanyiswa ngaphakathi, inikeze ukufinyelela komoya kuma-resonators.

Impahla yebhokisi izinkuni (i-birch, i-spruce, i-maple).

Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwentamo lufakwe izikhiye zokudlala ezihlelwe ngokulandelana kwechromatic. Amamodeli ahlukene angaba nemigqa emithathu, emine, emihlanu yokhiye.

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Ibhokisi elingakwesokunxele nalo linekhiphedi. Izinkinobho ziqoqwe ngemigqa engu-5-6. Imigqa emibili yokuqala ingamabhesi, amanye amaculo enziwe ngomumo. Kukhona irejista ekhethekile ekuvumela ukuthi uguqule indlela yokukhipha umsindo kusukela kokulungele ukuya kokhethiwe. Ngaphakathi kwebhokisi kukhona umshini oyinkimbinkimbi ngosizo lapho umsindo ungakhishwa ngesandla sobunxele ezinhlelweni ezi-2: ngomumo, ukulungele ukukhetha.

fur

Inhloso - ukuxhumana kwezingxenye ezingakwesokunxele, ezingakwesokudla ze-accordion yenkinobho. Yenziwe ngekhadibhodi, inamathiselwe ngendwangu phezulu. Igumbi loboya elijwayelekile linamafolda ayi-14-15.

Uhlangothi olungemuva lwensimbi lufakwe amabhande asiza umenzi ukubamba isakhiwo. Isisindo esijwayelekile se-accordion yenkinobho siyamangaza - cishe ngo-10 kg. Amamodeli asinda kakhulu, e-orchestral, afinyelela isisindo esingu-15 kg.

Izwakala kanjani i-accordion?

Insimbi ithandwa ngenxa yokuvezwa kwayo, amandla acebile, amathuba abanzi okuthuthukisa.

Imisindo ye-accordion igqamile, icebile, ikwazi ukudlulisa yonke i-gamut yemizwa yomuntu, kusukela ekujabuleni kuya ekuhluphekeni okubuhlungu. Ziyazalwa, ngenxa yokundindizela kwemihlanga etholakala ezingomeni zezwi, ziyipulasitiki impela, zinemibalabala.

Ukuba khona kwamarejista kuyisici esihlukile semodeli, esikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise i-timbre, unikeze umsindo noma yimuphi umthunzi, kusukela ekuthandeni kwe-violin kuya esikhumbuzweni sesitho. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa kufanele ukuthi i-accordion yenkinobho eyodwa ingangena esikhundleni se-orchestra encane ngempumelelo, izwakala ihlaba umxhwele kakhulu.

Umlando wenkinobho ye-accordion

Abanye abacwaningi babala umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwe-accordion yezinkinobho izinkulungwane zeminyaka, bebiza insimbi yasempumalanga ngokuthi “sheng” umsunguli. Kwavela cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezi-3 edlule, ifakwe izilimi, futhi kamuva yathuthukiswa, ithola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.

I-accordion yokuqala yenkinobho yavela eYurophu. Izingcweti eziningana zaba nesandla ekudalweni kwayo ngesikhathi esisodwa: i-Czech F. Kirchner, i-German F. Bushman, i-Austrian K. Demian. Ngokusemthethweni, umdwebi waseBavaria u-G. Mirwald ubhekwa "njengobaba" we-accordion yenkinobho yesimanje, ngakho-ke iJalimane ibizwa ngokuthi indawo yokuzalwa yensimbi.

U-Mirwald wasungula inkinobho ye-accordion ngo-1891. Umphathi wathuthukisa imodeli ye-harmonica yesandla ejwayeleke kuwo wonke umuntu, wayihlinzeka ngekhibhodi enemigqa emithathu, ekhulisa ububanzi bube ngama-octave amane, futhi walungisa inani lokushiyeka okukhona.

Abaculi baseYurophu babengenasithakazelo emisha, isithakazelo kuso phesheya sasibuthakathaka. Kodwa eRussia, lapho insimbi yalethwa khona ngo-1892, yathola ukuthandwa ngokushesha. Beza negama lakhe lendabuko lesiRashiya - ngokuhlonipha uBoyan, umxoxi wezindaba wasendulo ongcono kakhulu eRussia. Ngakho-ke, singabheka i-accordion yokuqala yomhlaba njengombono wasekhaya - kwamanye amazwe leli thuluzi linegama elihlukile.

Ama-Bayans ayenziwe eRussia abukeka ehlukile - amakhosi azama ukuhlukanisa ububanzi bemodeli, ekhulula amamodeli nge-timbre ekhumbuza ama-clarinets, ama-accordion, ama-pianos.

Intsha yaseRussia yangena ku-orchestra ngesandla esilula sika-master Sterligov, owaklama ikhibhodi yemigqa engu-4-5 eqondiswe ngqo kubaculi abaqeqeshiwe. Isakhiwo semodeli yakhe sicishe sifane nezibonelo zesimanje.

Izinhlobonhlobo zama-accordion wezinkinobho

Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezi-2 eziyinhloko - i-orchestra, evamile.

I-Orchestral

Isici esihlukile ubukhona bekhibhodi kwesokudla kuphela. Kunamaqembu amabili okuguqulwa kwe-orchestra:

• Amamodeli ahluka ngebanga lomsindo (i-piccolo, i-double bass, i-bass, i-alto, i-tenor, i-prima),
• Amamodeli ahluke ngombala we-timbre (i-oboe, umtshingo, icilongo, i-clarinet, i-bassoon).

Normal

Leli qembu lifaka izinhlobo ezi-2 zamathuluzi ahlukile kusistimu ehambisanayo enikezwe isandla sobunxele:

• ngomumo - izinkinobho ngakwesobunxele zingamabhesi namaculo alungile,
• ilungele ukukhetha - iqukethe izinhlelo ezi-2 (ezilungile, ezikhethiwe) ezinekhono lokuzishintsha ngerejista ekhethekile. Izici zokusebenza zensimbi enjalo ziyanda, kodwa kuba nzima kakhulu ngomculi ukuyidlala.

Amamodeli nawo ahlukaniswe ngenani lamavoti: 2, 3, 4, 5-izwi ahlukaniswa.

Ukusebenzisa

Ukuguquguquka kwensimbi, ithuba lokucula yedwa, ukuhambisana, kukuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise yonke indawo - kuma-folk orchestra, ama-ensembles. Zonke izinhlobo zezitayela zomculo, kusukela ku-techno kuya ku-jazz, i-rock, ziyifake ekuqanjweni kwazo komculo.

I-Bayan ihamba kahle cishe nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinsimbi ezikhona - amakhibhodi, umoya, izintambo, ukushaywa. Izwakala kahle imisebenzi yama-classics - uBeethoven, uBach, uTchaikovsky.

Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, i-Play kuyo iyatholakala kubalandeli. Ngakho-ke, i-harmonica ethuthukisiwe yaseRussia ivame ukubonakala emishadweni, emikhosini yasekhaya kanye nomndeni.