Clemens Krauss (Clemens Krauss) |

UClemens Krauss

Kulabo ababejwayelene nobuciko balo mbhidisi ovelele wase-Austria, igama lakhe alihlukaniseki nelikaRichard Strauss. U-Kraus amashumi eminyaka wayengumngane oseduze kakhulu, i-comrade-in-arms, onomqondo ofanayo futhi ongenakuqhathaniswa nomculi wemisebenzi yomqambi waseJalimane ohlakaniphile. Ngisho nomehluko weminyaka yobudala awuzange uphazamise inyunyana yokudala eyayikhona phakathi kwalaba baculi: bahlangana okokuqala lapho umqhubi oneminyaka engamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye wamenywa e-Vienna State Opera - uStrauss wayeneminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha ngaleso sikhathi. . Ubungane obazalwa ngaleso sikhathi baphazanyiswa kuphela ngokufa komqambi ...

Nokho, ubuntu Kraus njengoba umqhubi Yiqiniso, kwakungagcini kule sici umsebenzi wakhe. Wayengomunye wabameleli abavelele kakhulu besikole saseViennese, ekhanya ku-repertoire ebanzi, eyayisekelwe emculweni wothando. Ubumnene bukaKraus, indlela enomusa, ukuhlaba umxhwele kwangaphandle kwavela ngisho nangaphambi komhlangano noStrauss, kungashiyi kungabaza ngekusasa lakhe eliqhakazile. Lezi zici zazifakwe ngokukhululeka ngokukhethekile ekuchazeni kwakhe ama-romantics.

Njengabanye abaqhubi abaningi base-Austrian, uKraus waqala impilo yakhe emculweni njengelungu lendlu yesonto yabafana basenkantolo eVienna, futhi waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe eVienna Academy of Music ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaGredener noHeuberger. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe, umculi osemusha wasebenza njengomqhubi eBrno, wabe eseba seRiga, eNuremberg, eSzczecin, eGraz, lapho eqala khona ukuba yinhloko ye-opera house. Ngemva konyaka, wamenywa njengomqhubi wokuqala we-Vienna State Opera (1922), futhi ngokushesha wathatha isikhundla sokuba "Umqondisi Omkhulu Womculo" eFrankfurt am Main.

Amakhono akhethekile okuhlela, ubungcweti obumangalisayo bukaKraus bubonakala sengathi benzelwe ukuqondisa i-opera. Futhi waphila ngokuvumelana nakho konke okwakulindelwe, ehola izindlu ze-opera zaseVienna, eFrankfurt am Main, eBerlin, eMunich iminyaka eminingi futhi ebhala amakhasi amaningi akhazimulayo emlandweni wabo. Kusukela ngo-1942 ubephinde abe ngumqondisi wezobuciko weSalzburg Festivals.

"KuClemens Kraus, into ehlaba umxhwele futhi ethokozisayo, izici zomlingiswa ojwayelekile wase-Austrian zahlanganiswa futhi zabonakaliswa," kubhala umgxeki. kanye nezicukuthwane ezizalwa nazo.

Ama-opera amane ka-R. Strauss akweleta ukudlala kwawo kokuqala ku-Clemens Kraus. E-Dresden, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe, "Arabella" yenziwa okokuqala, eMunich - "Usuku Lokuthula" ne "Capriccio", eSalzburg - "Uthando lukaDanae" (ngo-1952, ngemva kokushona komlobi). Kuma-opera amabili okugcina, uKraus wabhala i-libretto ngokwakhe.

Eminyakeni eyishumi yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, uKraus wenqaba ukusebenza unomphela kunoma iyiphi indawo yaseshashalazini. Wahambela izindawo eziningi emhlabeni, waqoshwa kumarekhodi eDecca. Phakathi kokurekhodiwe okusele kukaKraus cishe zonke izinkondlo ze-symphonic zikaR. Strauss, imisebenzi kaBeethoven neBrahms, kanye nezingoma eziningi ze-Viennese Strauss Dynasty, kuhlanganise ne-Gypsy Baron, overtures, waltzes. Elinye lamarekhodi amahle kakhulu lithwebula ikhonsathi yokugcina yendabuko kaNcibijane weVienna Philharmonic eqhutshwa uKraus, lapho eqhuba khona imisebenzi ka-Johann Strauss ubaba, uJohann Strauss indodana noJoseph Strauss ngobuhlakani, ububanzi kanye nentelezi yaseViennese. Ukufa kwamfica uClemens Kraus eMexico City, ngesikhathi sekhonsathi elandelayo.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek