Isiginci sikagesi: ukwakheka, isimiso sokusebenza, umlando, izinhlobo, amasu okudlala, ukusetshenziswa

Isiginci sikagesi wuhlobo lwensimbi ekhandwayo efakwe ama-pickup kagesi aguqula ukudlidliza kwezintambo kube amandla kagesi. Isiginci sikagesi singesinye sezinsimbi zomculo ezincane kunazo zonke, sadalwa phakathi nekhulu lama-20. Ngaphandle ifana ne-acoustic evamile, kodwa inomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi, ifakwe izakhi ezengeziwe.

Indlela isiginci sikagesi esisebenza ngayo

Umzimba wethuluzi likagesi wenziwe nge-maple, mahogany, izinkuni zomlotha. I-fretboard yenziwe nge-ebony, rosewood. Inombolo yezintambo ngu-6, 7 noma 8. Umkhiqizo unesisindo esingu-2-3 kg.

Ukwakheka kwentamo kucishe kufane nesigingci se-acoustic. Kukhona ama-frets ebhodini leminwe, nezikhonkwane zokulungisa esigxotsheni. Intamo ixhunywe emzimbeni nge-glue noma ama-bolts, ngaphakathi kwayo ifakwe ihange - ukuvikelwa ekugobeni ngenxa yokungezwani.

Benza izinhlobo ezimbili zomzimba: ezingenalutho futhi eziqinile, zombili ziyisicaba. Iziginci zikagesi ezingenalutho zizwakala zithambile, zithambile, futhi zisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kweblues ne-jazz. Isiginci sokhuni esiqinile sinomsindo ohlabayo, onolaka ofanele umculo we-rock.

Isiginci sikagesi kufanele sakhiwe ngezinto ezisihlukanisa nesihlobo saso se-acoustic. Lezi yizingxenye ezilandelayo zesiginci sikagesi:

• Ibhuloho - ukulungisa izintambo kudekhi. Nge-tremolo - enyakazayo, ekuvumela ukuthi uguqule ukushuba kwentambo nokuphimisa ngamathoni ambalwa, dlala i-vibrato ngezintambo ezivulekile. Ngaphandle kwe-tremolo - ayinyakazi, enomklamo olula.
• Ama-Pickups izinzwa zokuguqula ukudlidliza kwentambo kube isignali kagesi yezinhlobo ezimbili: ikhoyili eyodwa, enikeza umsindo ohlanzekile, okahle we-blues nezwe, kanye ne-humbucker, ekhiqiza umsindo oqinile, ocebile, ofanele wedwala.

Ngisho nasemzimbeni kukhona izilawuli zethoni nevolumu ezixhunywe kuma-pickup.

Ukuze udlale isiginci sikagesi, udinga ukuthenga izinto zokusebenza:

• i-combo amplifier - ingxenye eyinhloko yokukhipha umsindo wegitala, ingaba ithubhu (engcono kakhulu kumsindo) kanye ne-transistor;
• amaphedali okudala imisindo eyahlukene;
• iprosesa – idivayisi yobuchwepheshe yokuqaliswa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwemisindo eminingana.

Isimiso sokusebenza

Isakhiwo sesiginci sikagesi esinezintambo eziyisi-6 siyafana nese-acoustic: mi, si, sol, re, la, mi.

Izintambo "zingakhululwa" ukwenza umsindo ube mkhulu. Imvamisa, intambo yesi-6, ewugqinsi “iyakhululwa” isuka ku-“mi” iye ku-“re” nangaphansi. Kuvela uhlelo oluthandwa yizinsimbi zensimbi, igama layo elithi "drop". Kuziginci zikagesi ezinezintambo ezingu-7, intambo engezansi ngokuvamile “ikhishwa” kokuthi “B”.

Umsindo wesiginci sikagesi unikezwa ama-pickup: inkimbinkimbi yomazibuthe kanye nekhoyili yocingo ebazungezile. Ecaleni, angase abukeke njengamapuleti ensimbi.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-pickup ukuguqulwa kokudlidliza kwezintambo kube ishayela lamanje elishintshanayo. Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo kwenzeka kanje:

• Ukudlidliza kwentambo kusabalala ensimini eyenziwe ngozibuthe.
• Kusiginci esixhunyiwe kodwa esiphumulele, ukusebenzisana ne-pickup ayenzi inkambu kazibuthe isebenze.
• Ukuthinta komculi entanjeni kuholela ekubukeni kwamandla kagesi kukhoyili.
• Izintambo zithwala i-current ku-amplifier.

Indaba ye

Ngawo-1920s, abadlali be-blues ne-jazz basebenzisa isiginci se-acoustic, kodwa njengoba izinhlobo zikhula, amandla ayo e-sonic aqala ukuntula. Ngo-1923, unjiniyela uLloyd Gore wakwazi ukuqhamuka neveni yohlobo lwe-electrostatic. Ngo-1931, uGeorges Beauchamps wadala i-pickup ye-electromagnetic. Waqala kanjalo-ke umlando wesiginci sikagesi.

Isiginci sikagesi sokuqala emhlabeni saqanjwa ngokuthi “ipani lokuthosa” ngomzimba waso wensimbi. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-30s, abashisekeli bazama ukunamathisela ama-pickup kusiginci se-Spanish esingenalutho besuka kuhlobo lwakudala, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwaholela ekuhlanekeni komsindo, ukubukeka komsindo. Onjiniyela baye baqeda ukukhubazeka ngokujika kabili ukuya emuva, okudambisa umsindo.

Ngo-1950, usomabhizinisi u-Leo Fender wethula iziginci ze-Esquire, kamuva kwavela amamodeli we-Broadcaster kanye ne-Telecaster emakethe. I-Stratocaster, uhlobo oludume kakhulu lwesiginci sikagesi, yethulwa emakethe ngo-1954. Ngo-1952, uGibson wakhulula i-Les Paul, isiginci sikagesi esaba esinye sezindinganiso. Isiginci sikagesi sokuqala sika-Ibanez esinezintambo eziyisi-8 senziwe ukuze ku-odwe amarokhethi ensimbi ase-Swedish i-Meshuggah.

Izinhlobo zeziginci zikagesi

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kweziginci zikagesi ubukhulu. Iziginci ezincane zikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi yi-Fender. Ithuluzi elihlangene elidume kakhulu lomkhiqizo yi-Hard Tail Stratocaster.

Imikhiqizo edumile yeziginci zikagesi nezici zomkhiqizo:

• I-Stratocaster iyimodeli yaseMelika enama-pickup angu-3 kanye nokushintsha kwezindlela ezi-5 ukuze kwandiswe inhlanganisela yomsindo.
• I-Superstrat - ekuqaleni yayiwuhlobo lwe-stratocaster enokufakwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Manje i-superstrat iyisigaba esikhulu sama-guitar, esihluke kulowo owandulelayo emgqeni womzimba ongavamile owenziwe ngokhuni oluhlukile, kanye nekhanda lekhanda, umnikazi wezintambo.
• I-Lespol iyimodeli eguquguqukayo yesimo esihle esinomzimba we-mahogany.
• I-Telecaster - isiginci sikagesi, esenziwe ngesitayela esilula somlotha noma i-alder.
• I-SG iyinsimbi yoqobo enezimpondo eyenziwe ngokhuni olulodwa.
• I-Explorer yisiginci esimise okwenkanyezi esineswishi yomsindo emaphethelweni omzimba.
• U-Randy Rhoads uyisiginci sikagesi esisezingeni elifushane. Ilungele ukubala okusheshayo.
• I-Flying V isiginci esibuyela emuva esithandwa ama-rocker ensimbi. Ngokusekelwe kulo, kwenziwa iKing V - imodeli yomdlali wesigingci uRobbin Crosby, oqanjwe ngokuthi "inkosi".
• I-BC Rich iziginci ezinhle ze-rocker. Amamodeli adumile ahlanganisa i-Mockingbird, eyavela ngo-1975, kanye ne-Warlock electric ne-bass guitar ene-"satanic" body contour for heavy metal.
• I-Firebird iyimodeli yokuqala yokhuni oluqinile luka-Gibson kusukela ngo-1963.
• I-Jazzmaster isiginci sikagesi esikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1958. “Ukhalo” lomzimba luyasuswa ukuze kube lula ukudlala, njengoba ama-jazzmen, ngokungafani nama-rocker, awadlali emile.

Amasu okudlala isiginci sikagesi

Ukukhethwa kwezindlela zokudlala isiginci sikagesi kuhle, kungaxhunywa futhi kushintshwe. Amaqhinga avame kakhulu:

• i-hammer-on - ukushaya ngeminwe nge-perpendicular indiza ye-fretboard ezintanjeni;
• ukudonsa - okuphambene nenqubo yangaphambilini - ukuphula iminwe ezintambo zokukhala;
• ukugoba - intambo ecindezelwe ihamba nge-perpendicular to fretboard, umsindo kancane kancane uba phezulu;
• shelela - hambisa iminwe ngobude izintambo phezulu naphansi;
• i-vibrato - ukuthuthumela komunwe entanjeni;
• i-trill - ukukhiqiza okunye okusheshayo kwamanothi amabili;
• i-rake - ukudlulisa izintambo ngokubonakaliswa kwenothi lokugcina, ngesikhathi esifanayo umugqa wezintambo uthulisiwe ngomunwe wenkomba kwesokunxele;
• i-flageolet - ukuthinta kancane ngomunwe wentambo ngaphezu kwe-3,5,7, 12 nut, bese ukhetha nge-plectrum;
• ngokuthepha – ukudlala inothi lokuqala ngomunwe wesokudla, bese udlala ngeminwe yesokunxele.

Ukusebenzisa

Imvamisa, iziginci zikagesi zisetshenziswa ama-rocker azo zonke izinkomba, kufaka phakathi i-punk kanye nedwala elihlukile. Umsindo onolaka "nodabukile" usetshenziswa ku-hard rock, soft and polyphonic - ngesintu.

Isiginci sikagesi sikhethwa abaculi be-jazz neblues, akuvamile ngabaculi be-pop ne-disco.

Indlela ukukhetha

Inketho engcono kakhulu yomuntu oqalayo iyinsimbi engu-6-string 22-fret enesilinganiso esinqunyiwe kanye ne-bolt-on nentamo.

Ukukhetha isiginci esifanele ngaphambi kokuthenga:

• Hlola umkhiqizo. Qinisekisa ukuthi azikho iziphambeko zangaphandle, imihuzuko, ama-chips.
• Lalela ukuthi izintambo zizwakala kanjani ngaphandle kwe-amplifier nhlobo. Ungayithathi insimbi uma umsindo uvalekile, kuzwakale ukugedlezela.
• Hlola ukuthi intamo isicaba, inamathele kahle emzimbeni, futhi ikhululekile esandleni.
• Zama ukudlala ngokuxhuma insimbi kusikhulisa-msindo. Hlola ikhwalithi yomsindo.
• Hlola ukuthi ukulandwa ngakunye kusebenza kanjani. Shintsha ivolumu nephimbo. Izinguquko zomsindo kufanele zibe bushelelezi, ngaphandle komsindo ongaphandle.
• Uma kukhona umculi ojwayelekile, mcele ukuthi adlale ingoma eyaziwayo. Kumelwe kuzwakale kuhlanzekile.

Isiginci sikagesi asishibhile, ngakho-ke thatha ukuthenga kwakho ngokungathi sína. Insimbi enhle izohlala isikhathi eside, ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise amakhono akho omculo ngaphandle kwezinkinga.