I-Bell: ukwakheka kwensimbi, umlando, ukusetshenziswa, izinhlobo

Ummeleli wasendulo womndeni wokushaywa uphethe incazelo engcwele emsindweni wawo. Kuwo wonke amadolobha aseRussia, kuzwakala izinsimbi zesonto ezimemezela ukuqala kwezinkonzo zaphezulu. Futhi ngokomqondo wezemfundo, lena insimbi yomculo we-orchestra, umlando wayo ubuyela emuva emazingeni esikhathi.

Idivayisi yensimbi

Iqukethe i-dome engenalutho lapho kwakheka khona umsindo, nolimi olutholakala ngaphakathi eduze kwe-eksisi. Ingxenye engezansi inwetshiwe, engaphezulu incane, ithweswe umqhele "nekhanda" kanye "nomqhele". Isakhiwo senziwa ngezinsimbi ezahlukene, ngokuvamile insimbi yethusi, insimbi engavamile, insimbi, ngisho nengilazi isetshenziswa.

Idivayisi imisiwe kusekelo noma igxiliswe kusisekelo esinyakazayo. Umsindo ujatshuliswa ngokushwiba ulimi bese ulushaya ezindongeni, noma ngokushwiba idome uqobo.

EYurophu, izinsimbi ezingenalo ulimi zivame kakhulu. Ukuze kukhishwe umsindo, badinga ukushaywa nge-mallet kudome. AbaseYurophu banyakazisa umzimba ngokwawo, futhi ngesiko lomculo laseRussia ulimi luqala ukunyakaza.

Umlando

Kungenzeka ukuthi izinsimbi zokuqala zingavela eChina. Okutholakele kusukela ekhulwini lesi-XNUMX BC kuyakufakazela lokhu. Insimbi yokuqala yomculo yamakhophi ayishumi nambili nayo yadalwa amaShayina. EYurophu, izakhiwo ezinjalo zavela emakhulwini amabili eminyaka kamuva.

E-Russia, umlando wensimbi waqala ngokufika kobuKristu. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babekholelwa ukuthi ukukhala, umsindo, ukugoqa kuxosha imimoya emibi, izinsimbi ziye zaba imfanelo yama-shaman amakhulu eminyaka.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, kwavela izinsimbi zesignali eNovgorod, Vladimir, Rostov, Moscow naseTver. Zazingeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Imvelaphi yegama ibizwa ngokuthi igama lesiRashiya elidala elithi "kol", elisho "umbuthano" noma "isondo".

Futhi ngo-1579 kwavela i-Foundry eNovgorod, lapho kwaphonswa khona izinsimbi. Ochwepheshe bakwazi ukuthola ifomula ekahle yengxubevange, kwakufanele kube amaphesenti angama-80 ethusi namaphesenti angama-20 ethini.

ERussia ekhulwini le-18, lezi zinsimbi zazinesisindo nobukhulu obuhlukene. Ubukhulu bezinye babumangalisa kangangokuthi baqamba idivayisi. Amagama ezinsimbi ezifana "Tsar Bell", "Annunciation", "Godunovsky" ayaziwa.

Kunamafayela ahlukahlukene athokozisayo mayelana nezinsimbi:

• Ekuqaleni kobuKristu, babebhekwa njengezimfanelo zobuqaba.
• Emazweni ahlukene, ithuluzi lingasebenza ngezinhloso ezikude nokholo lwama-Orthodox: e-Italy yabiza lapho sekuyisikhathi sokubeka inhlama yesinkwa, eJalimane umsindo ungase usho ukuqala kokuhlanza emigwaqweni, futhi ePoland wazisa izakhamuzi. ukuthi izikhungo zikabhiya zase zivuliwe.
• Lapho ushintsha okaputeni ku-International Space Station, insimbi ihlale ikhala.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi zomculo kwaphela lapho amaBolshevik eqala ukubusa. Ngo-1917, amasonto wonakala, izinsimbi zanikezwa insimbi engeyona insimbi ukuze zincibilike. Emitapo yolwazi. Lenin eMoscow, ungabona ukukhululeka okuphezulu ngezithombe zososayensi nababhali. Ukuze adalwe, amathuluzi athathwe kuma-belfries amasonto ayisishiyagalombili asemadolobheni amakhulu ancibilika.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi

Emculweni waseRussia, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi ye-classic kusekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zobunjwa nobukhulu. Ukwakhiwa kukhudlwana, umsindo wayo uyancipha. Insimbi i-monophonic, okungukuthi, ikwazi ukudala umsindo owodwa kuphela. Eliphakathi nendawo liqoshwa kumaphuzu ku-bass clef i-octave ephansi kunomsindo, encane - ku-violin clef. Isisindo esiningi sensimbi enomsindo ophansi ngisho nangaphezulu sivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwayo emculweni ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuyibeka esiteji.

Abaqambi basebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi ukuze bagcizelele imiphumela ekhethekile ehambisana nesakhiwo. Imiklamo yakudala isetshenziswe ezinkundleni zemidlalo yeshashalazi kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Bathathelwa indawo yizinsimbi ze-orchestra, ezaqala ukubukeka zihlukile - lokhu kuyisethi yamashubhu afakwe ohlakeni.

Emculweni waseRussia, le nsimbi yokushaywa yasetshenziswa emisebenzini yabo nguGlinka, Mussorgsky, Rachmaninoff, Rimsky-Korsakov. Isiko laqhutshekiselwa phambili ngabaqambi abadumile bekhulu lesi-XNUMX: Shchedrin, Petrov, Sviridov.

Izinhlobo zezinsimbi

Imininingwane yomsindo kanye nesakhiwo sezinsimbi kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa zibe izinhlobo eziningana:

• ukukhala - kungaba nenani elihlukile labo, izilimi zixhunywe komunye nomunye ngentambo ehlanganiswe nekholomu yokukhala;
• i-percussion - iza ngendlela yamakhophi axhumene angu-2,3 4;
• medium - izinhlobo zezinsimbi ezikhonza ukuhlobisa ukukhala okuyinhloko;
• izithunywa ziyithuluzi lokubonisa elisebenzela ukubiza abantu ngezinkonzo ezihlukahlukene (amaholide, phakathi neviki, amaSonto).

Ezinsukwini zakudala, kwavela amagama afanele ezinsimbi: "Perespor", "Falcon", "George", "Gospodar", "Bear".

Ama-Chimes - enye, uhlobo oluhlukile olusetshenziswa kuma-belfries anewashi. Leli iqoqo lezinsimbi ezinosayizi abahlukene ezinomumo ohlukile, oshunwe ngokuhambisana nesikali se-chromatic noma se-diatonic.