Elena Obraztsova |

Elena Obraztsova

U-MV Peskova uchaza u-Obraztsova esihlokweni sakhe: "Umculi omkhulu wesikhathi sethu, umsebenzi wakhe uye waba yinto evelele empilweni yomculo womhlaba. Unesiko lomculo elingenasici, indlela yokukhuluma ephusile. I-mezzo-soprano yakhe ecebile egcwele imibala evusa inkanuko, ukugqama kwezizwe zonke, ingqondo ecashile kanye nethalente elimangalisayo elingenamibandela kwenza umhlaba wonke ukhulume ngokufana kwakhe nezingxenye zeSantuzza (Izwe Lokuhlonishwa), uCarmen, uDelila, uMarfa (Khovanshchina).

Ngemva kokudlala ku- "Boris Godunov" ekuvakasheni kwe-Bolshoi Theatre eParis, u-Impresario odumile uSol Yurok, owayesebenza no-FI Chaliapin, wambiza ngokuthi umculi we-extra-class. Ukugxekwa kwamanye amazwe kumhlukanisa njengelinye "lamazwi amakhulu eBolshoi". Ngo-1980, umculi waklonyeliswa ngendondo yeGolden Verdi evela edolobheni lase-Italy laseBusseto ngokudlala okuvelele komculo womqambi omkhulu.

Elena Vasilievna Obraztsova wazalwa ngo-July 7, 1939 e Leningrad. Uyise, ongunjiniyela ngokomsebenzi, wayenezwi elihle kakhulu le-baritone, ngaphandle kwalokho, wayedlala ivayolini kahle. Umculo wawuvame ukuzwakala efulethini lika-Obraztsovs. U-Lena waqala ukucula ekuseni, enkulisa. Wabe eseba umculi oyedwa wekwaya yePalace of Pioneers and Schoolchilds. Lapho, le ntombazane yenza uthando lwe-gypsy nezingoma ezazidume kakhulu ngaleyo minyaka kusukela ku-repertoire kaLolita Torres. Ekuqaleni, wahlukaniswa ne-coloratura soprano eselula, eyagcina iguquke yaba i-contralto.

Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni saseTaganrog, lapho uyise ayesebenza khona ngaleso sikhathi, uLena, ngokuphikelela kwabazali bakhe, wangena eRostov Electrotechnical Institute. Kodwa ngemva kokufunda unyaka, intombazane iya engozini yayo eLeningrad, ukungena e-Conservatory futhi ifinyelele umgomo wayo.

Amakilasi aqala ngoProfesa Antonina Andreevna Grigorieva. U-Obraztsova uthi: “Unekhono lokungacunuli, unembe njengomuntu nanjengomculi. - Ngangifuna ukwenza yonke into ngokushesha, ukucula ama-arias amakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, ezothando eziyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi wayephikelela eqiniseka ukuthi akukho okuzovela ngaphandle kokuqonda "izisekelo" zamazwi ... Futhi ngangicula izivivinyo ngemva kokuzivocavoca, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuphela - ezothando ezincane. Kwase kuyisikhathi sezinto ezinkulu. U-Antonina Andreevna akazange afundise, akazange afundise, kodwa wayehlale ezama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi mina ngokwami ​​ngizwakalisa isimo sami sengqondo emsebenzini owenziwayo. Ngijabule ngokunqoba kwami ​​​​kokuqala e-Helsinki nasemncintiswaneni we-Glinka hhayi ngaphansi kwami ​​... ".

Ngo-1962, e-Helsinki, u-Elena wathola indondo yakhe yokuqala, indondo yegolide kanye nesihloko somnqobi, futhi ngawo lowo nyaka wawina eMoscow eMncintiswaneni WamaVocal II we-All-Union oqanjwe ngo-MI Glinka. I-soloist ye-Bolshoi Theatre PG Lisitsian kanye nenhloko yeqembu le-opera u-TL Chernyakov, owamema u-Obraztsova ukuba ahlolwe endaweni yaseshashalazini.

Ngakho ngo-December 1963, ngenkathi esengumfundi, u-Obraztsova wenza i-debut yakhe esiteji se-Bolshoi Theatre endimeni ka-Marina Mnishek (Boris Godunov). Umculi ukhumbula lo mcimbi ngomzwelo othize: "Ngangena esiteji se-Bolshoi Theatre ngaphandle kokuzijwayeza okukodwa kwe-orchestra. Ngikhumbula indlela engangima ngayo ngemuva kwesiteji futhi ngazitshela: “U-Boris Godunov angaqhubeka ngaphandle kwesiteji ngasemthonjeni, futhi ngeke ngiphume ngiyokwenza lutho, vala ikhethini, ngeke ngiphume.” Ngangiqulekile, futhi ukube kwakungebona abanumzane abangiholela esiteji ngezandla, mhlawumbe kwakungeke kube khona isigameko emthonjeni ngalobo busuku. Anginakho okuvelayo ekusebenzeni kwami ​​kokuqala - injabulo eyodwa kuphela, uhlobo oluthile lwebhola lomlilo, kanti konke okunye kwase kuqulekile. Kodwa ngokunganaki ngaba nomuzwa wokuthi ngangicula ngendlela efanele. Izithameli zingamukele kahle kakhulu. ”…

Kamuva, ababuyekezi baseParis babhala ngo-Obraztsova endimeni ka-Marina Mnishek: “Izethameli ... U-Obraztsova ungumlingisi ojabulisayo, izwi lakhe, isitayela, ubukhona besiteji nobuhle bakhe buthakaselwa ngababukeli ... "

Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu eLeningrad Conservatory ngo-1964, u-Obraztsova ngokushesha waba umculi weBolshoi Theatre. Ngokushesha indiza eJapane neqembu labadwebi, bese idlala e-Italy neqembu leBolshoi Theatre. Esiteji seLa Scala, umculi osemusha wenza izingxenye ze-Governess (i-Queen of Spades kaTchaikovsky) kanye neNkosazana Marya (Impi Nokuthula KaProkofiev).

M. Zhirmunsky uyabhala:

“Zisekhona izinganekwane ngokunqoba kwakhe esiteji seLa Scala, nakuba lo mcimbi usuneminyaka engu-20. Umdlalo wakhe wokuqala e-Metropolitan Opera wabizwa ngokuthi "i-debut enkulu kunazo zonke emlandweni weshashalazi" ngesikhathi sokuhalalisela okumile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Obraztsova wangena eqenjini labaculi baseKarayan, efinyelela ukuqashelwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwezimfanelo zochwepheshe. Ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqopha i-Il trovatore, wabamba umqhubi omkhulu ngokuvuleka kwakhe okungacabangeki kwesimo, ikhono lakhe lokukhipha umthelela omkhulu womzwelo emculweni, kanye nenani elikhulu lezingubo ezinhle ezitholwe kubangani baseMelika ikakhulukazi umhlangano no. i-maestro. Wayeshintsha izingubo kathathu ngosuku, ethola ama-roses kuye, izimemo zokuyocula eSalzburg futhi aqophe ama-opera amahlanu. Kodwa ukukhathala okwethusayo ngemva kokuphumelela eLa Scala kwamvimbela ukuba abone uKarajan ukuze enze umsebenzi wakhe - akazange athole isaziso esivela enhlanganweni yeSoviet enomthwalo wemfanelo, wacasulwa u-Obraztsova nabo bonke abaseRussia.

Ubheka ukuwa kwalezi zinhlelo njengegalelo elikhulu emsebenzini wakhe. Kusukela esivumelwaneni esalandela ngemva kweminyaka emibili, okuwukuphela kwemidlalo eyayisele kwakunguDon Carlos nezinkumbulo zokushaqeka kocingo lwakhe, indiza yakhe siqu igcwele iPlayboys, kanye nokushaywa kukaKarajan ekhanda ngemiphumela emnyango weshashalazi. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Agnes Baltsa, umnikazi walawo mazwi angenambala ayengakwazi ukuphazamisa isilaleli ekuboneni imibono yakamuva yeNkosi, wayeseyi-mezzo-soprano ehlala njalo kaKarajan.

Ngo-1970, u-Obraztsova wathola imiklomelo ephakeme kakhulu emiqhudelwaneni emibili emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe: eqanjwe ngo-PI Tchaikovsky eMoscow kanye negama lomculi odumile waseSpain uFrancisco Viñas e-Barcelona.

Kodwa u-Obraztsova akazange ayeke ukukhula. I-repertoire yakhe ikhula kakhulu. Udlala izindima ezihlukahlukene njengoFrosya ku-opera kaProkofiev uSemyon Kotko, u-Azucena ku-Il trovatore, uCarmen, u-Eboli kuDon Carlos, uZhenya Komelkova ku-opera kaMolchanov ethi The Dawns Here Are Quiet.

Udlale neBolshoi Theatre Company eTokyo nase-Osaka (1970), Budapest and Vienna (1971), Milan (1973), New York and Washington (1975). Futhi yonke indawo ukugxekwa kuhlala kuphawula ikhono eliphezulu lomculi waseSoviet. Omunye wababuyekezi ngemva kokudlala komculi waseNew York wabhala: “U-Elena Obraztsova usengcupheni yokuqashelwa umhlaba wonke. Singaphupha nje umculi onjalo. Unakho konke okuhlukanisa umculi wesimanje wasesiteji se-opera esezingeni eliphezulu.”

Okuphawulekayo wukwenza kwakhe eLiceo Theatre eBarcelona ngoDisemba 1974, lapho imidlalo emine kaCarmen yaboniswa nabadlali abahlukene bezindima eziholayo. U-Obraztsova uzuze impumelelo ekhaliphile yokusungula abaculi baseMelika uJoy Davidson, uRosalind Elias noGrace Bumbry.

“Lapho silalela umculi waseSoviet,” kubhala umgxeki waseSpain, “saphinde saba nethuba lokubona indlela indima kaCarmen enezici eziningi, ezingokomzwelo nezinkulu ngayo. Ozakwabo kuleli qembu ngendlela ekholisayo futhi ethokozisayo bahlanganisa ngokuyisisekelo uhlangothi olulodwa lomlingiswa weqhawekazi. Ku-Exemplary, isithombe sikaCarmen savela kukho konke ukuyinkimbinkimbi nokujula kwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, singasho ngokuphepha ukuthi ungumsekeli ocake kakhulu futhi othembekile wombono wobuciko ka-Bizet.

M. Zhirmunsky uyabhala: “ECarmen wacula iculo lothando olubulalayo, olungabekezeleleki ngenxa yesimo sobuntu esibuthakathaka. Esiphethweni, sihamba ngendlela elula kuyo yonke indawo, iqhawekazi lalo liziphonsa emmese ohoshiwe, libona ukufa njengokukhululwa ebuhlungwini bangaphakathi, umehluko ongenakubekezelelwa phakathi kwamaphupho namaqiniso. Ngokubona kwami, kule ndima, u-Obraztsova wenza izinguquko ezingajabulisi enkundleni yemidlalo ye-opera. Ube ngomunye wabokuqala ukuthatha isinyathelo esiya emkhiqizweni womqondo, okwathi ngeminyaka yawo-70s kwaqhakaza ukwenzeka kwe-opera yomqondisi. Esimweni sakhe esiyingqayizivele, umqondo wokusebenza kwawo wonke awuveli kumqondisi (uZeffirelli ngokwakhe wayengumqondisi), kodwa kumculi. Ithalente lokudlala lika-Obraztsova ngokuyinhloko liyimidlalo yaseshashalazini, nguye ophethe idrama yemidlalo ezandleni zakhe, ebeka ubukhulu bakhe kuyo ... "

U-Obraztsova ngokwakhe uthi: “UCarmen wami wazalwa ngo-March 1972 eSpain, eziQhingini ZaseCanary, endaweni yaseshashalazini encane ebizwa ngokuthi iPerez Galdes. Ngangicabanga ukuthi angisoze ngacula uCarmen, kwakubonakala sengathi lena kwakungeyona ingxenye yami. Lapho ngiqala ukudlala kuyo, ngazibonela ngawami ukuthi ngiqala kuphi. Ngayeka ukuzizwa ngiyingcweti, kwaba sengathi umphefumulo kaCarmen usungene kimi. Futhi lapho esigcawini sokugcina ngiwa ekushayweni kweNavaja Jose, ngazizwa ngizisola kakhulu: kungani kufanele ngife, ngimncane kangaka? Kuthe kusengathi ngilele, ngezwa kukhala izilaleli nehlombe. Futhi bangibuyisele eqinisweni.”

Ngo-1975, umculi waqashelwa eSpain njengomdlali ongcono kakhulu wengxenye kaCarmen. Kamuva u-Obraztsova wenza le ndima ezigabeni zasePrague, eBudapest, eBelgrade, eMarseille, eVienna, eMadrid naseNew York.

Ngo-Okthoba 1976, u-Obraztsova wenza i-debut yakhe e-New York Metropolitan Opera e-Aida. “Njengoba sazi lo mculi waseSoviet emidlalweni yangaphambilini yase-United States, ngokuqinisekile besilindele lukhulu emdlalweni wakhe njengo-Amneris,” kubhala omunye umgxeki. "Iqiniso, nokho, lidlule ngisho nezibikezelo ezinesibindi ze-Met ejwayelekile. Kwakuwukunqoba kwangempela, okwakungaziwa indawo yaseMelika iminyaka eminingi. Ufake izethameli esimweni senjabulo nenjabulo engachazeki ngokudlala kwakhe okumangalisayo njengo-Amneris.” Omunye umgxeki washo ngokucacile: “I-Obraztsova iwukutholwa okugqame kunayo yonke esiteji se-opera yamazwe ngamazwe eminyakeni yamuva nje.”

U-Obraztsova wavakashela phesheya kakhulu esikhathini esizayo. Ngo-1977 wacula iNkosazana yaseBouillon ku-F. Cilea ethi Adriana Lecouvreur (San Francisco) kanye ne-Ulrika in Ball in Masquerade (La Scala); ngo-1980 - uJocasta ku-"Oedipus Rex" ka-IF Stravinsky ("La Scala"); ngo-1982 - uJane Seymour ku-"Anna Boleyn" nguG. Donizetti ("La Scala") no-Eboli ku-"Don Carlos" (Barcelona). Ngo-1985, emcimbini we-Arena di Verona, umculi wenza ngempumelelo ingxenye ye-Amneris (Aida).

Ngonyaka olandelayo, u-Obraztsova wasebenza njengomqondisi we-opera, edlala i-opera ye-Massenet Werther e-Bolshoi Theatre, lapho aphumelela khona indima eyinhloko. Umyeni wakhe wesibili, u-A. Zhuraitis, wayengumqhubi.

U-Obraztsova wenza ngempumelelo hhayi kuphela emikhiqizweni ye-opera. Ngomdlalo obanzi wekhonsathi, unikeze amakhonsathi eLa Scala, ePleyel Concert Hall (Paris), eCarnegie Hall yaseNew York, eWigmore Hall yaseLondon, nakwezinye izindawo eziningi. Izinhlelo zakhe zekhonsathi ezidumile zomculo waseRussia zifaka imijikelezo yothando kaGlinka, uDargomyzhsky, uRimsky-Korsakov, uTchaikovsky, uRachmaninoff, izingoma nemijikelezo yezwi kaMussorgsky, Sviridov, umjikelezo wezingoma zikaProkofiev ezinkondlweni zika-A. Akhmatova. Uhlelo lwakudala lwakwamanye amazwe luhlanganisa umjikelezo ka-R. Schuman othi “Love and Life of a Woman”, imisebenzi yomculo wesiNtaliyane, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi.

U-Obraztsova uyaziwa nangokuthi uthisha. Kusukela ngo-1984 uye waba uprofesa eMoscow Conservatory. Ngo-1999, u-Elena Vasilievna wahola uMqhudelwano Wokuqala Wamazwe Ngamazwe Wabaculi Bezwi oqanjwe ngo-Elena Obraztsova eSt.

Ngo-2000, u-Obraztsova wenza i-debut yakhe esiteji esimangalisayo: wadlala indima enkulu emdlalweni othi "Antonio von Elba", owenziwe nguR. Viktyuk.

U-Obraztsova uyaqhubeka nokwenza ngempumelelo njengomculi we-opera. NgoMeyi 2002 wacula esikhungweni esidumile saseWashington Kennedy kanye noPlacido Domingo ku-opera kaTchaikovsky ethi The Queen of Spades.

"Ngimenywe lapha ukuthi ngizocula ku-Queen of Spades," kusho u-Obraztsova. – Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhonsathi yami enkulu izoba ngoMeyi 26 … Sesisebenze ndawonye iminyaka engama-38 (noDomingo. – Approx. Aut.). Sacula ndawonye ku-“Carmen”, naku-“Il trovatore”, naku-“Ball in maskrade”, naku-“Samsoni noDelila”, naku-“Aida”. Futhi okokugcina benza ekwindla edlule kwakuse-Los Angeles. Njengamanje, kwakuyiNdlovukazi ye-Spades.

PS Elena Vasilievna Obraztsova ushone ngoJanuwari 12, 2015.