Fikret Amirov |

UFikret Amirov

Ngabona isiphethu. Ehlanzekile futhi ehlanzekile, ekhononda kakhulu, wagijima enqamula amasimu endabuko. Izingoma zika-Amirov ziphefumula ukusha nobumsulwa. Ngabona isihlahla sendiza. Izimpande ezikhulayo zashona phansi emhlabeni, wenyukela phezulu esibhakabhakeni nomqhele wakhe. Ngokuhambisana nalesi sihlahla sendiza ubuciko bukaFikret Amirov, obukhuphuke ngokunembile ngenxa yokuthi uye wagxila emhlabathini wakubo. Nabi Hazri

Umculo ka-F. Amirov unokukhanga okukhulu nokuthandeka. Ifa lomqambi libanzi futhi linezici eziningi, lixhumene nomculo wesintu wase-Azerbaijani nesiko lesizwe. Esinye sezici ezikhangayo kakhulu zolimi lomculo luka-Amirov yi-melodism: "UFikret Amirov unesipho esicebile somculo," kubhala uD. Shostakovich. "UMelody ungumphefumulo womsebenzi wakhe."

Isici somculo wesintu sizungezwe u-Amirov kusukela ebuntwaneni. Wazalelwa emndenini we-tarksta edumile kanye ne-peztsakhanende (umculi we-mugham) uMashadi Jamil Amirov. “IShusha, lapho ubaba ayevela khona, ibhekwa ngokufanelekile njengendawo yokugcina izingane yaseTranscaucasia,” kukhumbula u-Amirov. “… Kwakungubaba owangembulela izwe lemisindo kanye nemfihlo yama-mughams. Ngisho ngiseyingane ngangifisa ukulingisa ukudlala kwakhe itiyela. Ngezinye izikhathi ngangiwenza kahle futhi ngiletha injabulo enkulu. Indima enkulu ekubunjweni kobuntu bomqambi ka-Amirov yadlalwa yizinkanyiso zomculo wase-Azerbaijani - umqambi u-U. Gadzhibekov nomculi u-Bul-Bul. Ngo-1949, u-Amirov waphothula e-Conservatory, lapho afundela khona ukuqamba ekilasini lika-B. Zeidman. Phakathi neminyaka yokufunda e-conservatory, umqambi osemusha wasebenza ekilasini lomculo wesintu (i-NIKMUZ), ngokwethiyori eqonda inganekwane kanye nobuciko be-mugham. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuzibophezela okujulile komculi osemusha ezimisweni zokudala zika-U. Gadzhibekov, umsunguli womculo wochwepheshe wase-Azerbaijani futhi, ikakhulukazi, i-opera kazwelonke, iyakhiwa. "Ngibizwa omunye wabalandela umsebenzi ka-Uzeyir Gadzhibekov, futhi ngiyaziqhenya ngalokhu," kubhala u-Amirov. Lawa mazwi aqinisekiswa inkondlo ethi "Ukuzinikela ku-Uzeyir Gadzhibekov" (ye-violin kanye nama-cellos ngepiyano ngo-1949). Ngaphansi kwethonya lama-operetta kaGadzhibekov (okuyinto ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kuka-Arshin Mal Alan), u-Amirov waba nombono wokubhala ingoma yakhe yamahlaya ethi The Thieves of Hearts (eyabhalwa ngo-1943). Umsebenzi waqhubeka ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-U. Gadzhibekov. Wabuye waba nesandla ekukhiqizeni lo msebenzi ku-State Theatre of Musical Comedy, eyavulwa kuleyo minyaka yempi enzima. Ngokushesha u-Amirov ubhala i-comedy yesibili yomculo - Izindaba Ezinhle (ethunyelwe ngo-1946). Ngalesi sikhathi, kwavela i-opera "Uldiz" ("Star", 1948), inkondlo ye-symphonic "In Memory of the Heroes of the Great Patriotic War" (1943), i-Concerto kabili ye-violin nepiyano ne-orchestra (1946) . Ngo-1947, umqambi wabhala i-symphony ye-Nizami, i-symphony yokuqala ye-orchestra yezintambo emculweni wase-Azerbaijani. Ekugcineni, ngo-1948, u-Amirov wadala i-symphonic mughams yakhe edumile ethi "Shur" ne "Kurd-ovshary", emele uhlobo olusha, okuyisisekelo salo ukuhlanganiswa kwamasiko abaculi base-Azerbaijani-khanende ngezimiso zomculo we-symphonic waseYurophu. .

"Ukudalwa kwama-symphonic mughams "Shur" kanye "Kurd-ovshary" kuyisinyathelo sika-Bul-Bul," kuphawula u-Amirov, u-Bul-Bul "wayengumngane oseduze kakhulu, umeluleki nomsizi wemisebenzi engiyibhalile kuze kube manje." Zombili lezi zingoma zakha i-diptych, ezizimele futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zixhunywe komunye nomunye ngokuhlobana kwe-modal nezwi, ukuba khona kokuxhumana kwe-melodic kanye ne-leitmotif eyodwa. Indima eyinhloko ku-diptych ingeka-mugham Shur. Yomibili imisebenzi yaba isenzakalo esivelele ekuphileni zomculo Azerbaijan. Bathola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke ngempela futhi babeka isisekelo sokuvela kwamaqom e-symphonic e-Tajikistan nase-Uzbekistan.

U-Amirov wazibonakalisa engumsunguli we-opera Sevil (okuthunyelwe. 1953), ebhalwe ngokusekelwe kumdlalo wegama elifanayo ngu-J. Jabarly, i-opera yokuqala ye-lyric-psychological kazwelonke. “Idrama ka-J. Jabarly ngiyayazi esikoleni,” kubhala u-Amirov. “Ekuqaleni kweminyaka engu-30, enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseGanj, kwadingeka ngidlale indima yendodana kaSevil, uGunduz omncane. … Ngizamile ukulondoloza ku-opera yami umqondo oyinhloko wedrama – umqondo womzabalazo wowesifazane waseMpumalanga ngenxa yamalungelo akhe abantu, izindlela zomzabalazo wenkambiso entsha yabasebenzi kanye nonxiwankulu bonxiwa. Enkambweni yokusebenza ekubunjweni, umcabango wokufana phakathi kwabalingiswa bamaqhawe edrama ka-J. Jabarly noTchaikovsky's operas awuzange ungishiye. USevil noTatiana, uBalash noHerman babeseduze endlini yabo yokugcina impahla. Imbongi kazwelonke yase-Azerbaijan, u-Samad Vurgun, ukwamukele ngemfudumalo ukuvela kwe-opera: "..." I-Seville "inothe ngezingoma ezijabulisayo ezithathwe kungcebo engapheli yobuciko be-mugham futhi iphikisiwe ngobuciko ku-opera."

Indawo ebalulekile emsebenzini ka-Amirov kuma-50-60s. ihlatshwe imisebenzi ye-symphony orchestra: i-suite enemibala egqamile "Azerbaijan" (1950), "Azerbaijan Capriccio" (1961), "Imidanso ye-Symphonic" (1963), egcwele imiculo kazwelonke. Umugqa wama-symphonic mughams "Shur" kanye "Kurd-ovshary" ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20 uqhutshekiselwa phambili yi-Amirov's symphonic mugham yesithathu - "Gulustan Bayaty-shiraz" (1968), ephefumulelwe izinkondlo zezimbongi ezimbili ezinkulu zaseMpumalanga - uHafiz kanye neBehind. . Ngo-1964, umqambi wenza uhlelo lwesibili lwe-symphony ye-orchestra yezintambo "Nizami". (Izinkondlo zembongi enkulu yase-Azerbaijani kanye nomcabango kamuva wamkhuthaza ukuba enze i-ballet "Nizami".) Ngesikhathi sokugubha iminyaka engu-600 kwenye imbongi evelele yase-Azerbaijan, uNasimi, u-Amirov ubhala inkondlo ye-choreographic ye-orchestra ye-symphony, i-choir yabesifazane, tenor, reciters kanye neqembu le-ballet "The Legend of Nasimi", futhi kamuva wenza inguqulo ye-orchestra yale ballet.

Ingqopha-mlando entsha emsebenzini ka-Amirov kwakuyi-ballet ethi “A Thousand and One Nights” (okuthunyelwe. 1979) – i-choreographic extravaganza enemibalabala, njengokungathi iveza umlingo wezinganekwane zama-Arab. "Ngesimemo soMnyango Wezamasiko wase-Iraq, ngavakashela leli zwe no-N. Nazarova" (umqondisi we-choreographer we-ballet. - NA). Ngazama ukungena ngokujulile esikweni lomculo labantu base-Arab, ipulasitiki yayo, ubuhle bemikhuba yomculo, ngifunde izikhumbuzo zomlando nezakhiwo. Bengibhekene nomsebenzi wokuhlanganisa izwe kanye nendawo yonke…,” kubhala u-Amirov. Isikolo se-ballet sinemibala egqamile, esekelwe ekudlalweni kwezinsimbi ezilingisa umsindo wezinsimbi zomdabu. Izigubhu zidlala indima ebalulekile kuwo, zithwala umthwalo obalulekile we-semantic. U-Amirov wethula omunye umbala we-timbre kumaphuzu - izwi (soprano) elicula ingqikithi yothando futhi libe uphawu lwesimiso sokuziphatha.

U-Amirov, kanye nokuqamba, wayebambe iqhaza emisebenzini yomculo nezenhlalo. Wayengunobhala wamabhodi e-Union of Composers ye-USSR kanye neNyunyana yabaqambi base-Azerbaijan, umqondisi wezobuciko we-Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Society (1947), umqondisi we-Azerbaijan Academic Opera kanye neBallet Theatre eqanjwe ngaye. MF Akhundova (1956-59). “Bengilokhu ngiphupha futhi ngisaphupha ukuthi umculo wesi-Azerbaijani uzozwakala kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba… Phela abantu bazahlulela ngomculo wabantu! Futhi uma okungenani kancane ngikwazile ukufeza iphupho lami, iphupho lempilo yami yonke, khona-ke ngiyajabula,” uFikret Amirov wazwakalisa inkolelo yakhe yokudala.

N. Aleksenko