Umlando we-harmonica

harmonica – insimbi yomhlanga yomculo yomndeni womoya. Ama-Harmonicas yilawa: i-chromic, i-diatonic, iblues, i-tremolo, i-octave, i-orchestral, i-methodical, i-chord.

Ukusungulwa kwe-harmonica

E-China cishe ngo-3000 BC kwasungulwa izinsimbi zomhlanga zokuqala. Kamuva, zasakazekela kulo lonke elase-Asia. Ngekhulu le-13, insimbi ehlanganisa amashubhu angu-17 anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, eyenziwe ngoqalo, yafika eYurophu. Ngaphakathi kweshubhu ngalinye kwakunemihlanga eyenziwe ngethusi. Lo mklamo wazama ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezitho, kodwa lo mbono awuzange usabalele. Kuphela ngekhulu le-19, abaqambi abavela eYurophu baphinde babuyela kulo mklamo. UChristian Friedrich Ludwig Buschmann waseJalimane ngo-1821 waklama i-harmonica yokuqala, ayibiza ngokuthi i-aura. Umenzi wewashi oyinhloko wenza isakhiwo esinepuleti lensimbi, lapho kwakukhona izikhala ezingu-15 ezinezilimi zensimbi. Ngo-1826, umpetha wase-Bohemia Richter wenza insimbi ibe yesimanje, i-harmonica ka-Richter yayinezimbobo eziyishumi nemihlanga engamashumi amabili, ihlukaniswe yaba amaqembu amabili - ukuhogela kanye nokukhipha umoya. Sonke lesi sakhiwo senziwe ngesihlahla somsedari.

Ukuqala kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi

Ngo-1857 uMatthaas Hohner, umenzi wamawashi waseJalimane waseTrossingen ivula inkampani ekhiqiza ama-harmonicas. Kwakungenxa kaHohner ukuthi izinhlobo zokuqala ze-harmonica zavela eNyakatho Melika ngo-1862, futhi inkampani yakhe, ekhiqiza izinsimbi ezingu-700 ngonyaka, yaba umholi wemakethe. Izinkampani zaseJalimane zingabaholi namuhla, zithumela amathuluzi emazweni ahlukene futhi zakha amamodeli amasha. Isibonelo, i-“El Centenario” yase-Mexico, “1'Epatant” yase-France kanye ne-“Alliance Harp” yase-UK.

I-Golden Age yaseHarmonica

Kusukela kuma-20s wekhulu lama-20, inkathi yegolide ye-harmonica iqala. Ukuqoshwa komculo kokuqala kwaleli thuluzi ngesitayela sezwe kanye ne-blues kungokwalesi sikhathi. Lezi zingoma zazidume kakhulu kangangokuthi zathengiswa izigidi kulo lonke elaseMelika. Ngo-1923, i-philanthropist yaseMelika u-Albert Hoxsey yabamba imiqhudelwano yomculo yabathandi be-harmonica. IMelika ithathekile ngethuluzi elisha. Ngawo-1930, izikole zaseMelika zaqala ukufundisa ukufunda ukudlala le nsimbi yomculo.

Ngawo-1950, inkathi ye-rock and roll iyaqala futhi i-harmonica idume kakhulu. I-harmonica isetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomculo: i-jazz, izwe, i-blues, abaculi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-harmonica ekusebenzeni kwabo.