Indlela yokukhetha kahle i-amplifier yezikhulisa-zwi?

I-amplifier ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lomsindo. Inemingcele eminingi okufanele siyilandele lapho sikhetha isixazululo esifanele. Kodwa-ke, ukukhethwa kwemodeli ethile akubonakali, okuphinde kuvinjwe imakethe yemishini yomsindo ebanzi. Yini okufanele ukuyinaka? Mayelana nakho ngezansi.

Kunento eyodwa okumele ngikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Okokuqala, sithenga izikhulisa-zwi bese sizikhethela izikhulisa-zwi ezifanele, hhayi ngenye indlela. Imingcele yesikhulisazwi okuzosebenza ngayo ibaluleke kakhulu.

Isikhulisi nesikhulisamandla

Umqondo we-amplifier uvame ukuhlotshaniswa nemishini yomsindo yasekhaya. Esiteji, idivayisi enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi i-powermixer, igama livela ekuhlanganiseni kokubili izakhi.

Ngakho enye ihluke kanjani kwenye? Isikhulisi sasekhaya siqukethe isikhulisi samandla kanye nesandulela. I-amplifier yamandla - isici esikhulisa isignali, i-preamplifier ingaqhathaniswa ne-mixer.

Kubuchwepheshe besiteji, ngezikhathi ezithile sisebenzisa idivayisi yalolu hlobo ngoba ayisebenzi, futhi njengoba sikhetha i-mixer eshiwo ngenhla njenge-preamplifier ukuthi ibe nayo yonke into eduze, siyaphoqeleka ukuthi sithenge i-elementi yokukhulisa kuphela ngoba isignali idinga ikhuliswe ngandlela thize.

Idivayisi enjalo, ngokungafani ne-amplifier, ngokuvamile inokufaka kuphela isignali, ukushintsha kwamandla kanye nokuphumayo kwesikhulisazwi, ayinaso isandiso sangaphambili. Singakwazi ngisho nokubona ucezu oluthile lwemishini ngokwakhiwa kwalo, njengoba kunomehluko ocacile enanini lezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa amapharamitha ahlukahlukene.

Ungakhetha kanjani i-amplifier yamandla?

Ngishilo ngenhla ukuthi akuwona umsebenzi olula. Kufanele siqondiswe ngokwezinga elikhulu amapharamitha omkhulisa-zwi okuzosebenza ngawo “ukuphela” okunikiwe kwamandla. Sikhetha okokusebenza ukuze amandla okukhiphayo we-amplifier (RMS) alingane namandla esipikha noma abe phezulu kancane, angalokothi ehle.

Iqiniso liwukuthi kulula ukulimaza isipikha ngesikhulisamandla esibuthakathaka kunokusebenzisa esiqine kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokudlala ngamakhono aphelele emishini yethu, singakwazi ukuhlanekezela umsindo, ngoba isipikha ngeke sikwazi ukukhiqiza ngokugcwele umsindo wesiqephu esinikeziwe ngenxa yamandla anganele anikezwe isici sokukhulisa. Isikhulisazwi sifuna "okuningi nangaphezulu" futhi isikhulisi sethu samandla asikwazi ukukunikeza. Esinye isici esinomthelela omubi ekushodeni kwama-watts ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-diaphragm deflection.

Futhi naka i-impedance encane idivayisi engasebenza ngayo. Kuthiwani uma uthenga i-amplifier yamandla esebenza ngobuncane be-impedance obungu-8 ohms bese uthenga izikhulisa-zwi ezingu-4 ohms? Isethi ayikwazi ukuhambisana nomunye nomunye, ngoba i-amplifier ngeke isebenze ngokuvumelana nezincomo zomenzi futhi izolimala ngokushesha.

Ngakho-ke, okokuqala izikhulisa-zwi, bese, ngokwemingcele yazo, isikhulisi samandla esinamandla afanelekile kanye ne-impedance encane yokuphumayo ukuze sikwazi ukusebenza nezikhulisa-zwi ezithengiwe.

Ingabe uphawu lubalulekile? Yebo kunjalo. Okokuqala, uma ungenayo imali eningi, ngincoma ukuthenga umkhiqizo wasekhaya, ukukhiqizwa kwethu. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukubukeka kanye nesilinganiso samandla kuya kwesisindo akukhuthazi, kodwa kuyisinqumo esihle ngempela.

Ukwakha nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokugqoka njalo, ukuthutha kanye nokusetshenziswa ezimweni ezihlukahlukene, ama-amplifiers esiteji kumele abe nezindlu ezihlala njalo, ezenziwe okungenani ngamamilimitha amabili ensimbi yeshidi.

Futhi hlola ukuthi inakuphi ukuphepha. Okokuqala, kufanele sithole "Vikela" i-LED. Ku-90% wama-amps wamandla, ukuvula le LED kunqamula izipikha, ngakho-ke thula. Lesi isivikelo esibaluleke kakhulu njengoba sivikela izikhulisa-zwi ku-DC voltage eyingozi kwizipikha. Manje-ke kuthiwani uma i-amplifier inama-fuse futhi ikholomu ingu-4 noma 8 ohms wamanje oqondile, ama-fuse asabela kancane, ngezinye izikhathi kwanele ingxenye yomzuzwana futhi sinekhoyili eshisiwe kumbhobho, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu. isivikelo.

Okulandelayo emgqeni inkomba yesiqeshana, i-LED "yesiqeshana". Uma sikhuluma ngobuchwepheshe, ikhombisa ukushayela ngokweqile, okungukuthi, ukweqa amandla okukhiphayo alinganiselwe. Izibonakalisa ngokukhuluma nge-colloquially nge-crack. Lesi simo siyingozi kuma-tweeters angathandi amasignali ahlanekezelwe kakhulu futhi awonakaliswa kalula, ingasaphathwa ikhwalithi yomsindo we-amplifier ehlanekezelwe.

Amapharamitha we-amplifier okufanele acatshangelwe

Ipharamitha eyisisekelo ingamandla we-amplifier - iyinani eliguquliwe ngokwezinombolo ku-impedance yomthwalo olinganiselwe. Lawa mandla kufanele ethulwe njengamandla e-RMS, ngoba angamandla aqhubekayo isikhulisi samandla esingawakhipha phakathi nomsebenzi omude. Asizicabangeli ezinye izinhlobo zamandla, njengamandla omculo.

Impendulo yemvamisa nayo iyipharamitha ebalulekile. Inquma ubuncane kanye nemvamisa ephezulu yesiginali ekuphumeni kwe-amplifier. Inikezwe ngempela ngokuncipha kwe-amplitude yesignali. Umkhiqizo omuhle unale pharamitha ezingeni lemvamisa lika-20 Hz -25 kHz. Khumbula ukuthi sinesithakazelo kumkhawulokudonsa "wamandla", okungukuthi, ngomthwalo olinganayo olingana nomthwalo olinganiselwe, nobukhulu obungaguquki obuphezulu besiginali yokuphumayo.

Ukuhlanekezela - kithi, sinentshisekelo enanini elingeqile ku-0,1%.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kunethiwekhi nakho kubalulekile. Isibonelo, ku-2 x 200W amplifier, ukusetshenziswa okunjalo kufanele okungenani kube ngu-450W. Uma umkhiqizi edumisa idivayisi ngamandla amakhulu kakhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi kusuka kunethiwekhi, kusho ukuthi le mingcele ihlanekezelwe kakhulu futhi ukuthengwa komkhiqizo onjalo kufanele kushiywe ngokushesha.

Uma usifunde sonke lesi sihloko ngokucophelela, ungakhohlwa mayelana ne-impedance elinganiselwe ye-amplifier. Isigaba esiphezulu se-amplifier yamandla, kungcono siguqulelwe ukusebenza nge-impedance ephansi.

Khumbula, umkhiqizo omuhle kufanele ukale owawo, ngani? Hhayi-ke, ngoba izakhi ezisinda kakhulu zokwakhiwa kwe-amplifier yizici ezinquma imingcele yayo ebaluleke kakhulu. Lezi yizi: i-transformer (50-60% yesisindo esiphelele), ama-electrolytic capacitors namasinki okushisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zi (ngaphandle kwe-sink yokushisa) enye yezingxenye ezibiza kakhulu.

Lokhu akusebenzi kuzikhulisamandla zekilasi elithi “D” ezisuselwe ekunikezeni amandla kwemodi eshintshiwe. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-transformer, lezi zeluleko zilula kakhulu, kodwa zisabiza kakhulu.

Isifinyezo

Lesi sihloko esingenhla siqukethe izinto eziningi ezilula futhi zenzelwe abaqalayo, ngakho-ke ngizamile ukuchaza yonke imiqondo kalula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ngemva kokufunda wonke umbhalo ngokucophelela ngeke ube nezinkinga ngokukhetha imishini efanele. Khumbula ukusebenzisa ingqondo lapho uthenga, njengoba ukukhetha okuhle kuzoholela ezenzakalweni eziningi eziphumelelayo futhi akukho ukwehluleka esikhathini esizayo.

Amazwana