Ildebrando Pizzetti |

I-Ildebrando Pizzetti

Umqambi wase-Italy, umqhubi, isazi somculo, umhlaziyi womculo kanye nothisha. Ilungu le-Italian Academy (kusukela ngo-1939). Wafunda esemncane noyise - u-Odoardo Pizzetti (1853-1926), uthisha wepiyano kanye nezifundo zethiyori zomculo, ngo-1895-1901 - eParma Conservatory no-T. Riga (i-harmony, counterpoint) kanye no-J. Tebaldini (ukwakheka ). Kusukela ngo-1901 wasebenza njengomqhubi eParma, kusukela ngo-1907 waba uprofesa eParma Conservatory (isigaba sokwakheka), kusukela ngo-1908 - eFlorence Music Institute (ngo-1917-24 umqondisi wayo). Kusukela ngo-1910 wabhala izihloko zamaphephandaba aseMilanese. Ngo-1914 wasungula umagazini womculo i-Dissonanza eFlorence. Ngo-1923-1935 umqondisi weMilan Conservatory. Kusukela ngo-1936, inhloko yomnyango wokwakhiwa kweNational Academy "Santa Cecilia" eRoma (ngo-1948-51 umongameli wayo).

Emisebenzini ye-Pizzetti, ebaluleke kakhulu ama-opera (ikakhulukazi ngezihloko zasendulo nezasendulo, ezibonisa izingxabano zenkolo nezokuziphatha). Kwaphela iminyaka engu-50 ehlotshaniswa nemidlalo yaseshashalazini "La Scala" (Milan), eyaqala ngawo wonke ama-opera akhe (i-Clytemnestra yaba yimpumelelo enkulu).

Emisebenzini kaPizzetti, amafomu amadala wokusebenza ahlanganiswe namasu omdlalo we-operaturgy wekhulu le-19 nelama-20. Waphendukela emasikweni omculo we-Italian Renaissance kanye neBaroque (izingxenye zamakwaya - ngendlela ye-madrigal ehunyushwa ngokukhululekile), wasebenzisa imiculo yengoma kaGregory. Mayelana nohlobo, ama-opera akhe aseduze namadrama omculo kaWagnerian. Isisekelo sedrama ye-operatic ye-Pizzetti imahhala, intuthuko eshukumisayo engami, ayinqunyelwe izinhlobo zomculo ezivaliwe (lokhu kukhumbuza "ingoma engapheli" ka-R. Wagner). Kuma-opera akhe, ukucula kwezwi kuhlanganiswe nokuphindaphinda okumnandi. I-metrorhythm nephimbo lezingxenye zephimbo kunqunywa izici ezingavamile zombhalo, ngakho isitayela sokumemezela siyanqoba ezingxenyeni. Ezinye izici zomsebenzi wakhe u-Pizzetti wahlangana ne-neoclassicism.

Ama-opera e-Pizzetti adlalwa kwamanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga Yurophu, kanye naseNingizimu Melika.

Ukwakhiwa:

ama-opera - Phaedra (1915, Milan), Deborah and Jael (1922, Milan), Fra Gerardo (1928, Milan), Outlander (Lo straniero, 1930, Rome), Orseolo (1935, Florence), Gold (L'oro, 1947, Milan), Bath Lupa (1949, Florence), Iphigenia (1951, Florence), Cagliostro (1953, Milan), Indodakazi kaYorio (La figlia di Jorio, nguD'Annunzio, 1954, Naples), Ukubulala eKhathedrali (Assassinio nella cattedrale , 1958, Milan), Silver Slipper (Il calzare d'argento, 1961); amabhalethi – Gizanella (1959, Rome, also orchestral suite from music for the play by G. D'Annunzio, 1913), Venetian Rondo (Rondo Veneziano, 1931); kwabacula ngabodwana, ikwaya kanye ne-orchestra - Epithalames emazwini kaCatululo (1935); ye-orchestra - ama-symphonies (1914, 1940), ukudlulela ku-farce edabukisayo (1911), i-Summer Concerto (Concerto dell'estate, 1928), ama-symphonic preludes angu-3 "Oedipus Rex" kaSophocles (1904), adansela "Aminta" kaT. Tasso (1914); kwaya - I-Oedipus e-Colon (ne-orchestra, 1936), i-Requiem Mass (i-cappella, 1922); eyensimbi yomculo ne-orchestra - Inkondlo ye-violin (1914), amakhonsathi wepiyano (1933), i-cello (1934), i-violin (1944), ihabhu (1960); ama-ensembles wezinsimbi zegumbi - i-sonatas ye-violin (1919) kanye ne-cello (1921) enepiyano, i-piano trio (1925), ama-quartet ezintambo ezi-2 (1906, 1933); okwepiyano - Icwecwe lezingane (1906); okwezwi nopiyano - Izingoma ezi-3 zePetrarch (1922), izingoma ezi-3 ezimbi (1944); umculo wemidlalo yeshashalazi, okuhlanganisa nemidlalo ka-D'Annunzio, Sophocles, W. Shakespeare, K. Goldoni.

Imisebenzi yemibhalo: Umculo wamaGreki, eRoma, ngo-1914; Abaculi Besimanje, Mil., 1914; I-Critical Intermezzi, uFlorence, (1921); ePaganini, eTurin, ngo-1940; Umculo nedrama, (eRoma, 1945); Umculo wase-Italy wekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, iTurin, (1947).

References: Tеbаldini G., I. Pizzetti, Parma, (1931); Galli G., I. Pizzetti, (Mil., 1954); U-Damerini A., I. Pizzetti - indoda kanye nomculi, "The Musical Landing", 1966, (v.) 21.

LB Rimsky