UCarl Millöcker |

UCarl Millöcker

UMilöcker ungummeleli ovelele wesikole sase-Austrian operetta. Isazi esikhulu semidlalo yaseshashalazini, esazi kahle imininingwane yohlobo, yena, naphezu kokuntula ithalente elibalulekile, wakha enye yeziqongo ze-operetta yase-Austrian - "The Beggar Student", lapho asebenzisa khona ngobuciko isigqi nengoma yase-Viennese. amajika omculo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akazange adale noma yimiphi imisebenzi ebalulekile ngaphambi nangemva kwe-The Beggar Student, ngenxa yale operetta eyodwa, u-Millöker wayemfanele ukungena ezinhlwini zasendulo zohlobo.

Izici ezihlekisayo ze-Offenbach azifani kakhulu nomqambi. Ungumshayi womculo kuphela, futhi imisebenzi yakhe ngokuyinhloko ingamahlaya ajabulisayo anamaphimbo omculo ase-Viennese ajwayelekile, anezimo zansuku zonke nezici. Emculweni wakhe, isigqi se-waltz, imashi, izingoma zomdabu zase-Austrian zizwakala.

UCarl Millöcker Wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 29, 1842 eVienna, emndenini womkhandi wegolide. Uthole imfundo yakhe yomculo endaweni yokugcina izinto yeVienna Society of Friends of Music. Ngo-1858, waqala umsebenzi wakhe womculo njengomdlali womculo we-orchestra yaseshashalazini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nsizwa iqala ukuqamba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kumazwi amancane kuya emisebenzini emikhulu ye-symphonic. Ngenxa yokusekela kukaSuppe, owadonsela ukunaka kumdlali we-orchestra onekhono, lapho eneminyaka engamashumi amabili nambili, wathola indawo njengomphathi weqembu laseshashalazini eGraz. Lapho, waqala ukuphendukela ku-operetta, enza imidlalo emibili yesenzo esisodwa - "Isivakashi Esifile" kanye "Ama-Knitters Amabili".

Kusukela ngo-1866, waba umqhubi we-An der Wien Theatre, futhi ngo-1868 wenza i-debut yakhe enhloko-dolobha nge-operetta yesithathu yesenzo esisodwa i-Chaste Diana, eyabhalwa ngaphansi kwethonya elicacile lika-Offenbach. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-operetta yakhe yokuqala yobusuku obugcwele, Isiqhingi Sabesifazane, idlalwa eDeutsches Theatre eBudapest, lapho ithonya likaSuppe lizwakala khona. Imidlalo ayiphumelelanga, futhi uMillöcker, obengumqondisi we-An der Wien Theatre kusukela ngo-1869, ushintsha isikhathi eside ekudaleni umculo ohambisana nawo ukuze enze izinto ezimangalisayo.

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-70s, waphinde waphendukela ku-operetta. Kulandelana, kuvela iThe Enchanted Castle (1878), The Countess Dubarry (1879), Apayun (1880), The Maid of Belleville (1881) eqhamuka, okumenza adume. Umsebenzi olandelayo - "Umfundi Ocelayo" (1882) - ubeka u-Milloker ezinhlwini zabadali abavelele be-operetta. Lo msebenzi ulandelwa yi-The Regimental Priest, Gasparon (bobabili 1881), Vice Admiral (1886), The Seven Swabians (1887), Poor Jonathan (1890), The Trial Kiss (1894) , "Northern Lights" (1896). Kodwa-ke, abakwazi ukukhuphukela ezingeni elithi "Umfundi Ompofu", naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuzo zonke kukhona iziqephu zomculo ezikhanyayo nezithakazelisayo ezihlukene. Kulezi, ngemva kokufa komqambi, okwalandela ngo-December 31, 1899 e-Vienna, i-operetta ephumelelayo "Young Heidelberg" yahlanganiswa.

Ngokungeziwe kuma-operetta amaningi kanye nama-opuses ephimbo ne-okhestra, ifa le-Millöker lokudala lihlanganisa ama-ballet, izingcezu zepiyano kanye nenani elikhulu lomculo we-vaudeville namahlaya.

L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich