Lucia Aliberti |

Lucia Aliberti

IZIHLABANI ZE-OPERA: LUCIA ALIBERTI

U-Lucia Aliberti okokuqala ungumculi bese kuba ngumculi kuphela. I-Soprano ingumnikazi wepiyano, isiginci, ivayolini ne-accordion futhi iqamba umculo. Uneminyaka ecishe ibe ngamashumi amathathu esebenza ngemva kwakhe, lapho u-Aliberti ecula kuzo zonke izigaba ezihlonishwayo zomhlaba. Wabuye wadlala eMoscow. Waziswa ngokukhethekile emazweni akhuluma isiJalimane naseJapane, lapho amaphephandaba evame ukunikeza amakhasi aphelele enkulumweni yakhe. I-repertoire yakhe iqukethe ikakhulukazi ama-opera ka-Bellini no-Donizetti: Pirate, Outlander, Capuleti kanye ne-Montecchi, La sonnambula, Norma, Beatrice di Tenda, Puritani, Anna Boleyn, L'elisir d'amore , Lucrezia Borgia, Mary Stuart, Lucia di Lammermoor, Roberto Devereux, Linda di Chamouni, Don Pasquale. Uphinde alingise ezindimeni zikaRossini neVerdi. EJalimane, wamenyezelwa ngokuthi "iNdlovukazi yaseBel Canto", kodwa ezweni lakubo, e-Italy, i-prima donna ayithandwa kakhulu. Owayengumphathi we-tenor nodumile we-opera I-barcaccia esiteshini sesithathu somsakazo wase-Italy, u-Enrico Stinkelli unikeze izitatimende eziningi ze-caustic, uma kungezona izitatimende ezihlambalazayo kuye. Ngokusho kwalo mbusi wemicabango (akekho umthandi we-opera ongavuli umsakazo nsuku zonke ngehora lokuqala ntambama), aliberti ilingisa uMaria Callas kakhulu, ngokunganambithiki nangokungamesabi uNkulunkulu. U-Alessandro Mormile uxoxa noLucia Aliberti.

Ulichaza kanjani izwi lakho futhi uzivikela kanjani ezinsolweni zokulingisa uMaria Callas?

Ezinye izici zokubukeka kwami ​​​​zingikhumbuza uCallas. Njengaye, nginekhala elikhulu! Kodwa mina njengomuntu ngihlukile kuye. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kukhona ukufana phakathi kwami ​​naye ngokombono wezwi, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi ukusola mina ngokulingisa akulungile futhi kukha phezulu. Ngicabanga ukuthi izwi lami lifana nezwi likaCallas ku-octave ephakeme kakhulu, lapho imisindo ihluka ngamandla kanye nedrama nje. Kodwa mayelana namarejista aphakathi naphansi, izwi lami lihluke ngokuphelele. UCallas wayeyi-soprano emangalisayo ene-coloratura. Ngizibona ngiyisoprano enama-lyric-dramatic ene-coloratura. Ngizoziveza ngokucace kakhudlwana. Ukugcizelela kwami ​​​​okumangalisayo kusekuvezeni, hhayi ezwini uqobo, njengelikaCallas. Isikhungo sami singikhumbuza i-lyric soprano, ne-elegiac timbre. Isici saso esiyinhloko akubona ubuhle obumsulwa futhi obungabonakali, kodwa ukuvezwa kwamagama. Ubukhulu bukaCallas ukuthi unikeze i-opera yothando ngothando lwayo olumangalisayo, cishe ukugcwala kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Amanye ama-soprano avelele amlandela ayenaka kakhulu i-bel canto efanele. Nginombono wokuthi namuhla ezinye izindima zibuyele kuma-soprano alula ngisho nohlobo lwe-soubrette coloratura. Kunengozi yokuhlehla kulokho engikubheka njengeqiniso lokukhuluma kwamanye ama-opera asekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, lapho uCallas, kodwa futhi uRenata Scotto noRenata Tebaldi, babuyisela ukukholisa okumangalisayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo. ukunemba kwesitayela sesikhathi.

Kule minyaka edlule, uye wasebenza kanjani ukuze uthuthukise izwi lakho futhi ulenze licwebe kakhudlwana?

Mangisho ngokungananazi ukuthi bengilokhu nginenkinga yokulawula ukufana kwamarejista. Ngaqale ngacula, ngethemba imvelo yami. Ngabe sengifunda noLuigi Roni eRome iminyaka eyisithupha kamuva no-Alfredo Kraus. UKraus unguthisha wami wangempela. Wangifundisa ukulawula izwi lami nokuzazi kangcono. UHerbert von Karajan naye wangifundisa okuningi. Kodwa lapho ngenqaba ukucula naye ethi Il trovatore, uDon Carlos, uTosca noNorma, ukubambisana kwethu kwaphazamiseka. Nokho, ngiyazi ukuthi ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, uKarajan wazwakalisa isifiso sokucula nami uNorma.

Ingabe manje uzizwa njengomnikazi wamathuba akho?

Abangaziyo bathi ngiyisitha sami sokuqala. Yingakho ngingavamile ngokwaneliseka ngami. Umuzwa wami wokuzigxeka ngezinye izikhathi unonya kangangokuthi uholela ezinkingeni ezingokwengqondo futhi ungenze nginganeliseki futhi ngingaqiniseki ngamakhono ami. Futhi nokho ngingasho ukuthi namuhla ngisezingeni eliphezulu lamakhono ami ezwi, ezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuzwakalayo. Kudala izwi lami langibusa. Manje ngiyalilawula izwi lami. Ngicabanga ukuthi isikhathi sesifikile sokwengeza ama-opera amasha ku-repertoire yami. Ngemuva kwalokho okubizwa nge-Italian bel canto, ngingathanda ukuhlola izindima ezinkulu kuma-opera ase-Verdi asekuqaleni, ngiqala nge-The Lombards, The Two Foscari kanye nabaphangi. Sengivele nganikezwa uNabucco noMacbeth, kodwa ngifuna ukulinda. Ngingathanda ukugcina ubuqotho bezwi lami iminyaka ezayo. Njengoba uKraus esho, iminyaka yomculi ayidlali indima esiteji, kodwa iminyaka yezwi lakhe iyadlala. Uphinde wengeza ngokuthi kukhona abaculi abancane abanezwi elidala. UKraus useyisibonelo kimi sendlela yokuphila nokucula. Kufanele abe yisibonelo kubo bonke abaculi be-opera.

Ngakho-ke, awuzicabangeli ngaphandle kokuphishekela ubuhle?

Ukulwela ukuphelela kuwumthetho wempilo yami. Akukhona nje ukucula. Ngikholelwa ukuthi ukuphila kuyinto engacabangeki ngaphandle kwesiyalo. Ngaphandle kokuziphatha, sizibeka engcupheni yokulahlekelwa yilowo muzwa wokulawula, ngaphandle kwalokho umphakathi wethu, ongenangqondo nabathengi, ungawela esiphithiphithini, ingasaphathwa eyokuntula inhlonipho ngomakhelwane. Kungakho ngibheka umbono wami wempilo nomsebenzi wami ngaphandle kwamazinga ajwayelekile. Ngingumuntu othanda uthando, umphuphi, umlandeli wobuciko nezinto ezinhle. Ngamafuphi: i-esthete.

Ingxoxo noLucia Aliberti eshicilelwe ngumagazini umsebenzi

Ukuhumusha kusuka kusiNtaliyane

Uqale ukudlala eSpoleto Theatre (1978, u-Amina eLa Sonnambula yaseBellini), ngo-1979 wenza le ngxenye emkhosini ofanayo. Kusukela ngo-1980 eLa Scala. Ngo-1980 Glyndebourne Festival, wacula ingxenye kaNanette e-Falstaff. Ngeminyaka yawo-80s wayecula eGenoa, Berlin, Zurich nakwezinye izindlu ze-opera. Kusukela ngo-1988 ngesikhathi Metropolitan Opera (debut njengoba Lucia). Ngo-1993 wacula ingxenye yeVioletta eHamburg. Ngo-1996 wacula indima yesihloko ku-Beatrice di Tenda kaBellini eBerlin (German State Opera). Phakathi kwamaqembu kukhona noGilda, Elvira kwekaBellini ethi The Puritans, Olympia in Tales of Hoffmann ka-Offenbach. Okurekhodiwe kufaka phakathi ingxenye ka-Violetta (umqhubi u-R. Paternostro, uCapriccio), u-Imogene kweka-Bellini ethi The Pirate (umqhubi we-Viotti, i-Berlin Classics).

Evgeny Tsodokov, 1999