umlamuli |
French mediante, kusukela Late Lat. abaphakathi, uhlobo. i-case mediantis – ephakathi nendawo, iyalamula
1) Ukuqokwa kwamaculo ayingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu phezulu noma phansi ukusuka ku-tonic, okungukuthi amadigri III kanye no-VI wemodi; ngomqondo omncane, M. (noma u-M ongenhla) - ukuqamba. i-chord ye-III degree (i-VI degree kuleli cala ibizwa ngokuthi i-submediant, noma i-M. ephansi). Ngokufanayo imisindo ehambisanayo nayo iqokwe ngale ndlela - i-III ne-VI degrees yemodi. i-harmonic umsebenzi we-M. chords unqunywa ngokuyinhloko indawo yawo ephakathi phakathi kokuyinhloko. ama-chords: III - phakathi kuka-I no-V, VI - phakathi kuka-I no-IV. Ngakho-ke ububili bomsebenzi we-M. chords: III iwukubusa okushiwo ngobuthaka, i-VI iyi-subdominant evezwa buthaka, kuyilapho kokubili i-III kanye ne-VI ingenza imisebenzi ethile ye-tonic. Ngakho-ke nencazelo ecacile ye-M. chords - ukuthamba, ukumbozwa kokungafani kwawo ne-tonic, ukuthamba kwamashifu e-tertian uma kuhlanganiswe ne-tonic, subdominant, kanye nokubusa. Kokunye ukuxhumana (ngokwesibonelo, VI-III, III-VI, VI-II, II-III, VI-III, njll.), ukuvumelana kwe-M. kwenza ukuncika kwama-chords ku-tonic yemodi kungabonakali, kuveza local (okuguquguqukayo) ) imisebenzi, enomthelela ekwakhiweni kokuhlukahluka kwethoni (ngokwesibonelo, ku-arioso yeNkosana Yuri ethi “Oh udumo, ingcebo eyize” kusukela ku-opera ethi “The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevronia”).
Ngesinyathelo se-harmonic. ithiyori (G. Weber, 1817-21; PI Tchaikovsky, 1872; NA Rimsky-Korsakov, 1884-85) ama-M. chords aphakathi kwe-diatonic eyisikhombisa. izinyathelo, nakuba njengamaceleni zihlukanisiwe kakhulu neziyinhloko (I no-V). Kuthiyori yokusebenza (X. Riemann), i-M. ihunyushwa njengokuguqulwa “kokuvumelana okubalulekile okuthathu kuphela” – T, D kanye no-S: njengokufana kwakho (ngokwesibonelo, ku-C-dur egh – Dp) noma njengongwaqa i-introduction shift (isb ku-C-dur ingaba:
), kuye ngengxenye yangempela yalawa maculo kumongo. Ngokuka-G. Schenker, incazelo ye-M. chords (kanye nabanye) incike ngokuyinhloko ekuqondeni okuqondile kokunyakaza, emigqeni yamazwi phakathi kwethoni yokuqala neyokuqondisa. U-GL Catoire waqonda i-M. njengomphumela wokugudluzwa kwe-prim nengxenye yesihlanu kuma-triad amakhulu (isibonelo, ku-C - dur
)
Emcabangweni wababhali be- "Practical Course of Harmony" (IV Sposobina, II Dubovsky, SV Evseev, VV Sokolov, 1934-1935), inani elixubile elisebenzayo linikezwa ama-M chords ( ku-C-dur egh - DTIII, a – c – e – TS VI)
(Ngasikhathi sinye, incazelo yesinyathelo iphinda ithole isisindo esikhulu, futhi umqondo wonke awubuyele emuva ku-Riemann kuphela, kodwa, kancane kancane, ku-Rimsky-Korsakov). Emcabangweni wokuguquguquka, imisebenzi ye-Yu. N. Tyulin, isinyathelo sesithathu esikhulu singenza imisebenzi T no-D, kanye ne-VI - T, S no-D; ku-III encane - T, S no-D, kanye ne-VI - T kanye no-S. (Izibonelo zokuhumusha okuhlukene kokulandelana okufanayo kwe-harmonic):
2) Esakhiweni sezingoma zikaGregory, M. (mediante; amanye amagama - metrum) - isiphetho esiphakathi (ngokuvumelana ne-BV Asafiev - "caesura half-cadence"), ehlukanisa wonke ama-halves amabili alinganiswe ngokulinganayo:
References: 1) Tchaikovsky PI, Umhlahlandlela esifundweni esisebenzayo sokuvumelana, M., 1872, okufanayo, uPoln. khola. cit., vol. III a, M., 1957, Rimsky-Korsakov HA, Incwadi ewusizo yokuvumelana, eSt. Petersburg, 1886, yanyatheliswa kabusha. Ngokugcwele. khola. usho., vol. IV, M., 1960; Catuar GL, Inkambo yethiyori yokuvumelana, ingxenye 1, M., 1924; Inkambo esebenzayo yokuvumelana, ingxenye 1, M., 1934 (ed. Sposobin I., Dubovsky I., Evseev S., Sokolov V.; Berkov V., Harmony, ingxenye 1-3, M., 1962-66, M. ., 1970; Tyulin Yu., Privavo N., Theory Foundations of Harmony, M., 1965, Weber G., Versuch einer geordneten Theorie der Tonsetzkunst, Bd 1-3, Mainz, 1818-21; Riemann H., Vereinfarechte Harmonihte Schenker H., Neue musikalische Theorien und Phantasien, Bd 1893-1896, Stuttg.-BW, 1901-1, 3.
2) I-Gruber RI, Umlando Wamasiko omculo, vol. 1, ingxenye 1, M.-L., 1941, p. 394
Yu. N. Kholopov
