Oles Semyonovych Chishko (Chishko, Oles) |

Chishko, Oles

Wazalelwa ngo-1895 edolobhaneni laseDvurechny Kut eduze kwaseKharkov, emndenini wothisha wasemaphandleni. Ngemva kokuphothula e-gymnasium, wangena eKharkov University, lapho afunda khona isayensi yemvelo, elungiselela ukuba i-agronomist. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nezifundo zasenyuvesi, wathatha izifundo zokucula ku-F. Bugomelli kanye no-LV Kich. Ngo-1924 wathweswa iziqu (ngaphandle) kusukela Kharkov Music and Drama Institute, ngo-1937 kusukela Leningrad Conservatory, lapho 1931-34 wafunda PB Ryazanov (ukuqanjwa), Yu. N. Tyulin (ukuvumelana), Kh. S. Kushnarev (i-polyphony). Ngo-1926-31 wacula e-Kharkov, eKiev, e-Odessa Opera nase-Ballet Theatres, ngo-1931-48 (ngekhefu ngo-1940-44) e-Leningrad Maly Opera Theatre, futhi wayecula yedwa ne-Leningrad Philharmonic. Ubungcweti obuphezulu kanye nethalente lasekuqaleni kwahlukanisa isiko elidlalayo likaChishko umculi. Wakha izithombe ezicacile kuma-operas Taras Bulba kaLysenko (Kobzar), Ukuhlukana kukaFemelidi (Godun), uZakhar Berkut kaLyatoshinsky (Maxim Berkut), Impi Nokuthula (Pierre Bezukhov), I-Battleship Potemkin (Matyushenko ). Idlalwa njengomculi wekhonsathi. Umhleli kanye nomqondisi wokuqala wezobuciko (1939-40) we-Song and Dance Ensemble ye-Baltic Fleet.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqamba kukaChishko kokuqala kuyingxenye yomculo wezwi. Ubhala izingoma nezothando ngokusekelwe emibhalweni yezinkondlo zembongi enkulu yase-Ukraine u-TG Shevchenko (1916), futhi kamuva, ngemva kwe-Great October Socialist Revolution, uqamba izingoma namaqoqo ezwi asekelwe emazwini ezimbongi zaseSoviet u-A. Zharov, M. .Golodny nabanye. Ngo-1930, uChishko wenza i-opera yakhe yokuqala ethi "Apple Captivity" ("Apple Tree Captivity"). Isakhiwo sayo sisekelwe kwesinye seziqephu zempi yombango e-Ukraine. Le opera yadlalwa ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini e-Kyiv, eKharkov, e-Odessa naseTashkent.

Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ka-Oles Chishko ungomunye wama-operas okuqala aseSoviet ngendikimba yoguquko eyamukelwa kabanzi, i-opera Battleship Potemkin (1937), eyadlalwa yi-Opera ne-Ballet Theatre. SM Kirov eLeningrad, iBolshoi Theatre yase-USSR eMoscow kanye nezindlu eziningi ze-opera ezweni.

Umsebenzi kaChishko umqambi uhlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezindikimba zamaqhawe neziguquguqukayo kubuciko bomculo weSoviet we-20-30s. Wayenaka kakhulu izinhlobo zomculo nezingoma. Ngo-1944-45 nango-1948-65 wafundisa eLeningrad Conservatory (ikilasi lokuqamba; kusukela ngo-1957 uprofesa ohlanganyele). Umbhali wencwadi ethi Singing Voice and Its Properties (1966).

Ukwakhiwa:

ama-opera - Judith (mahhala Ch., 1923), ukuthunjwa kwe-Apple (Yablunevy egcwele, mahhala Ch., esekelwe emdlalweni ka-I. Dniprovsky, 1931, Odessa Opera kanye neBallet Theatre), Battleship "Potemkin" (1937, Leningrad t- opera kanye i-ballet, uhlelo lwesi-2 ngo-1955), Indodakazi yoLwandle lweCaspian (1942), uMahmud Torabi (1944, isikole se-opera sase-Uzbek ne-ballet), u-Lesya no-Danila (1958), Izimbangi (1964), umlando we-Irkutsk (awuqediwe); kwabacula ngabodwana, ikwaya kanye ne-orchestra — cantata Kukhona ingxenye enjalo (1957), wok.-symphony. ama-suites: Guardsmen (1942), Flag over the village council (with orchestra folk instruments, 1948), Miners (1955); ye-orchestra – Steppe Overture (1930), Ukrainian Suite (1944); ye-orchestra yezinsimbi zomculo wesintu - Umdanso suite (1933), 6 izingcezu (1939-45), 2 Kazakh. izingoma ze-kazakh. orc. nar. izinsimbi (1942, 1944); i-string Quartet (1941); amakwaya, ezothando (c. 50) nezingoma kwelilandelayo. AS Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, TG Shevchenko nabanye; processing Isi-Ukrainian, isiRashiya, isiKazakh, isi-Uzb. ingoma kaphayini (funda 160); umculo k idrama yokusebenza. t-ra.