Paul Paray |

Paul Paray

UPaul Pare ungomunye wabaculi iFrance eziqhenya ngayo. Impilo yakhe yonke izinikele ekukhonzeni ubuciko bakubo, ekhonza izwe lakubo, lapho umculi engumuntu oshisekayo. Umqhubi wesikhathi esizayo wazalelwa emndenini womculi wesifundazwe oyimfundamakhwela; uyise wayedlala i-organ futhi ehola ikhwaya, lapho indodana yakhe yaqala ukucula ngokushesha. Kusukela eneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, umfana wafunda umculo e-Rouen, futhi lapha waqala ukwenza njengomdlali wopiyano, cellist kanye nomculo. Ithalente lakhe eliguquguqukayo laqiniswa futhi lakhiwa phakathi neminyaka yokufunda eParis Conservatory (1904-1911) ngaphansi kothisha abanjengoKs. Leroux, P. Vidal. Ngo-1911 uPare waklonyeliswa ngendondo ye-Prix de Rome ye-cantata Janica.

Phakathi neminyaka yakhe yokufunda, uPare wayeziphilisa ngokudlala i-cello eSarah Bernard Theatre. Kamuva, ngenkathi ekhonza empini, waqala ukuma enhloko ye-orchestra - nokho, kwakuyiqembu lethusi lebutho lakhe. Kwabe sekulandela iminyaka yempi, ukuthunjwa, kodwa noma kunjalo uPare wazama ukuthola isikhathi sokufunda umculo nokuqanjwa.

Ngemva kwempi, uParé akazange akwazi ngokushesha ukuthola umsebenzi. Ekugcineni, wamenywa ukuba aqhube iqembu elincane le-orchestra elalicula ehlobo kwenye yezindawo zokungcebeleka zasePyrenean. Leli qembu lalihlanganisa abaculi abangamashumi amane abavela kuma-orchestra angcono kakhulu eFrance, abahlangana ndawonye ukuze bathole imali eyengeziwe. Bajabuliswa ikhono lomholi wabo ababengaziwa futhi bamncenga ukuba azame ukuthatha indawo yomqhubi weqembu le-orchestra laseLamoureux, ngaleso sikhathi elaliholwa uC. Chevillard owayesekhulile futhi egula. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, u-Pare wathola ithuba lokwenza i-debut yakhe nale orchestra e-Gaveau Hall futhi, ngemva kwe-debut ephumelelayo, waba umqhubi wesibili. Ngokushesha wathola udumo futhi ngemva kokufa Chevillard iminyaka eyisithupha (1923-1928) wahola iqembu. UPare wabe esesebenza njengombhidisi omkhulu e-Monte Carlo, futhi kusukela ngo-1931 wabuye wahola elinye lama-ensembles ahamba phambili e-France - i-orchestra ye-Columns.

Ekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi amane uPare wayesenedumela njengomunye wabaqhubi abahamba phambili eFrance. Kodwa lapho amaNazi ethatha iParis, wasula esikhundleni sakhe ephikisana nokuqanjwa kabusha kweqembu lomculo wezinsimbi (uColone wayengumJuda) walibangisa eMarseille. Nokho, ngokushesha wahamba lapha, engafuni ukulalela imiyalo yabahlaseli. Kuze kube yilapho ekhululwa, uPare wayeyilungu lenhlangano ye-Resistance, ehlela amakhonsathi okushisekela izwe lomculo waseFrance, lapho kuzwakala khona iMarseillaise. Ngo-1944, uPaul Pare waphinde waba yinhloko ye-orchestra ye-Columns evuselelwe, ayihola iminyaka eyishumi nanye. Kusukela ngo-1952 uye wahola iDetroit Symphony Orchestra e-United States.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uPare, ohlala phesheya kwezilwandle, akabuphuli ubuhlobo obuseduze nomculo wesiFulentshi, ngokuvamile uhamba eParis. Ngezinsizakalo zobuciko basekhaya, wakhethwa njengelungu le-Institute of France.

UPare wayedume kakhulu ngokudlala umculo wesiFulentshi. Isitayela somqhubi wengcweti sihlukaniswa ngobulula nobukhulu. “Njengomlingisi omkhulu wangempela, ulahla imiphumela emincane ukuze enze umsebenzi ube yisikhumbuzo futhi ube mncane. Ufunda amaphuzu emisebenzi yobuciko ajwayelekile alula, angagwegwesi nakho konke ukucwengwa kwengcweti,” kubhala umgxeki waseMelika uW. Thomson ngoPaul Pare. Abalaleli baseSoviet bajwayelana nobuciko bukaPare ngo-1968, lapho ebambe elinye lamakhonsathi eParis Orchestra eMoscow.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, ngo-1969