I-Parody |

I-Greek parodia, kusukela ku-para - ngokumelene, naphezu kwe-ode - ingoma

1) Ihaba, yamahlaya. ukulingisa omunye umculo. isitayela, uhlobo, umculo ngamunye. umsebenzi. P. yalolu hlobo yakhiwe kusukela ngekhulu le-17. Ngasikhathi sinye, kusetshenziswa i-subtext entsha, okuthi kokuqukethwe kwayo kungqubuzane nemvelo yomculo, kanye nokucija, ukugcizelela okuyihaba kunoma yiziphi izici, amasu avezayo, nemiculo ejwayelekile yesikole esinikeziwe, isitayela somqambi kanye umsebenzi ohlukene. kanye ne-harmonic. amavukelambuso. Lokho. i-parodied diff. izinhlobo wok.-instr. umculo. Esikhathini esidlule, i-P. yasatshalaliswa ukuze ibole. amasampula obuciko be-opera. I-France ngekhulu le-17 nele-18. cishe wonke ama-opera athandwayo ayedlalwa; Amathiyetha e-opera adalwe nakwamanye amazwe. 7 P. baziwa nge-opera ka-Lully ethi Attis. P. ngesiNtaliyane. isitayela se-opera nochungechunge lwe-opera ka-GF Handel – “The Beggar's Opera” ka-J. Gay kanye no-J. Pepush kumake ukuqala kwesiNgisi. i-ballad opera. Imisebenzi ye-opera yayivame ukudalwa ngohlobo lwe-operetta (Offenbach's Orpheus in Hell). Amasampula Russian. I-opera parodies - i-Vampuka (ifakwe ku-1909), kanye ne-Bogatyrs ngu-Borodin (ifakwe ku-1867). Kwadalwa amaRussia. P. nezinye izinhlobo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ezothando "Classic" kanye wok. Umjikelezo kaMussorgsky kaRayok, wok. i-quartet “I-Serenade yamadoda amane ukuya kunkosikazi oyedwa” ka-Borodin, “Rкverie d'un faune apris la lecture de son journal” (“Amaphupho ezilwane ngemva kokufunda iphephandaba”) Cui yepiyano. (i-parody ye-orc. op. I-Debussy “Yendulela? Ntambama Yezilwane” “). Izinto zalolu hlobo zigcine ukubaluleka kwazo ekhulwini lama-20. Inani lemisebenzi linganikezwa esizindeni se-P. cycles E. Satie. Ngu-P. wayevame ukusebenzisa ku-Op yakhe. U-DD Shostakovich (ama-ballets I-Golden Age kanye ne-Bolt, i-opera Katerina Izmailova, i-operetta eMoscow, i-Cheryomushki, i-vocal cycle Satire to lyrics by S. Cherny, njll). I-P. isetshenziswa kubuciko obuhlukahlukene (isibonelo, i-P. yezitembu zengoma), emibukisweni yamaphaphethi (isibonelo, ku-T-re yamaphaphethi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-SV Obraztsov), emculweni. amafilimu.

2) Ngomqondo obanzi, P., ngokolimi lwangaphandle olwamukelwayo. itheminology musicology, - ukudalwa ngokusekelwe kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi wengoma entsha ehlukile kune-prototype yayo ngokwenhloso, isitayela, umlingiswa, njll. Yakha uhlobo lokucutshungulwa. Umehluko wukuthi ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa ngenhloso yokwenza umsebenzi womunye umenzi. ukwakheka, kuyilapho u-P. ewubuciko bakhe. buyekeza. Uma iqhathaniswa nesisho, isondelene kakhulu nomthombo wayo wokuqala. Enye yezindlela zokudala iculo umbhalo ongaphansi omusha womculo othile noma umsebenzi wonke, ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-counterfactual phesheya (kusuka kwethi contrafacio yesiLatini engasekho - ngenza okuphambene, ngiyalingisa). Umbhalo ongezansi omusha wemiculo emidala wawusuvele ugcwele eNar. ingoma, kuhl. phakathi nezizwe “zokushintshana” kwezingoma ezihlobene nezinguqulo, ngokuvamile ezihluke kakhulu ngencazelo embhalweni wokuqala. Ithole ukusetshenziswa emculweni kaGregory, ngesikhathi kwakhiwa ingoma yamaProthestani, lapho izingoma zezwe, ngezinye izikhathi ezingokuqukethwe “kwamahhala” kakhulu, zihlanganiswa nemibhalo engokomoya. Kamuva, ngale ndlela, abantu abaningi baphendukela ezintweni zezwe baya ngokomoya. umculo prod. – chanson, madrigals, vilanelles, canzonettes. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazwi abo aphezulu ngokuvamile aba izingoma ezingokomoya. Ukubuyekezwa okunjalo kwasakazeka kabanzi kuze kube ser. Ikhulu le-17 leminyaka P. yalolu hlobo yadlala indima ebalulekile ngobuningi bekhulu le-14-16, lapho izingoma zezwe ezivela kuma-motets, ama-madrigals, izingoma ezinama-overtones amasha, ngezinye izikhathi hhayi ezingokomoya kuphela, kodwa futhi zezwe, zazisetshenziswa kabanzi, kuhlanganisa. i-satirical, uhlamvu (“i-parodic mass”), ku-Magnificat. U-JS Bach wasebenzisa umkhuba ofanayo emsebenzini wakhe, inani lemisebenzi engokomoya ku-rogo limelela umqondo omusha wemisebenzi yakhe yezwe. (ngokwesibonelo, isisekelo se-“Easter Oratorio” “I-Cantata Yomalusi”), futhi ngokwengxenye i-GF Handel (owaguqula izingxenye ezimbili ze-Utrecht Te Deum yaba yiculo elithi “Ngihawukele”). Njengomthetho, i-subtext entsha ikhiqizwa. (isibonelo, ama-motets nama-madrigals aba izingxenye zesisindo) ahlanganiswe ngo-P. ngezindlela eziningi noma ezincane. ukuvuselela umculo wabo. Isikhathi eside (kuze kube sekhulwini le-19), umqondo wokudweba wanwetshwa ekucutshungulweni kwemisebenzi, edala. ukuphazamiseka engqikithini yazo, noma ngabe ibingahlotshaniswa nokushintshwa kombhalo omdala ngomunye omusha (ukwenyuka noma ukuncipha kwenani lamazwi, ukushintshwa kwezigaba zemiphimbo emincane ngama-homophonic futhi, ngokuphambene, ukuncishiswa noma ukwethulwa kwezigaba ezengeziwe, izinguquko emculweni nokuvumelana, njll.).