Umsindo odlulayo |

ital. inothi di passagio, inothi yesiFulentshi de passage passing note, igciwane. Durchgangsnote

Umsindo ongeyona i-chord kusigqi esibuthakathaka esithuthuka isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sisuka kwelinye iphimbo siye kwenye (bona imisindo engaxubeki). (Igama elifushanisiwe esibonelweni somculo esingezansi lithi p.) P. z. nikeza ukuhambisana komculo, ukuhamba. Hlukanisa u-P. z. i-diatonic ne-chromatic. Futhi zingaba kabili, kathathu (i-sext noma i-quartsextaccords); ngokuphikisa - futhi ngenani elikhulu lamazwi:

PI Tchaikovsky. "Indlovukazi ye-Spades", isigcawu sesi-5, uNombolo 19.

Phakathi kuka-P.z. kanye ne-chordal, lapho iculo liqondiswe khona. ukunyakaza, i-chord neminye imisindo engeyona i-chord ingase yethulwe (isixazululo esibambezelekile se-P. z.). Ukuthola isabelo esiqinile (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokungena kokuvumelana okusha), uP. z. thola isimilo sokuboshwa okungalungiselelwe. P. z. ingakha ama-chords adlulayo (ngokwesibonelo, kukhodi yengxenye yesi-2 ye-2 skr. I-sonata ye-Prokofiev, uchungechunge lwama-chromatic passing chords luthatha izinyathelo ze-12-6 kusukela ekugcineni). Emculweni wesimanje we-gradualism P. z. ngezinye izikhathi ihlukaniswa ngokudluliselwa kwabo kwenye i-octave (i-Prokofiev, i-sonata yesi-6 ye-pianoforte, i-reprise yesiphetho, itimu ethi A-dur).

Njengokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe uP. z. ibonakala kakade ezikhumbuzo zakuqala zaseNtshonalanga Yurophu. i-polyphony (i-organum yekhulu le-9-10; bheka i-Rex coeli domine esahlukweni 17 "Musica enchiriadis" ku-syllable coe-; ikakhulukazi ku-melismatic organum yekhulu le-12-13th). Umqondo "P. h.” kwavela kamuva emfundisweni ye-counterpoint, lapho yahunyushwa njengohlobo lokuphikiswa, oludlula kwesinye isikhawu songwaqa uye kwesinye. Ku-Tinktoris (“Liber de arte contrapuncti”, 1477, cap. 23), phakathi kwezibonelo zama-dissonances kumabhithi alula, umuntu angathola i-P. z. N. Vicentino (“L'antica musica ridotta alla moderna prattica”, 1555) uyichaza ngaphansi kwesihloko. dissonanze sciolte. J. Tsarlino (“Le istitutioni harmoniche”, 1558, p. III, cap. 42) ubonisa ukuthi uP. z. hamba igxathu negxathu (ngebanga ngalinye). P. z. ebizwa nangokuthi i-commissure (comissura; y X. Dedekind, 1590, kanye no-I. Burmeister, 1599-1606). Umfundi ka-G. Schutz u-K. Bernhard (“Tractatus compositionis augmemtatus”, cap. 17) ihlanganisa i-P. z ngokuningiliziwe. njenge-transitus. Ngokuthuthuka kwemfundiso yokuvumelana kukaP. z. waqala ukucatshangelwa maqondana ne-chord.

References: bona ku-Art. imisindo engabambeki.

Yu. N. Kholopov