Psychology umculo |

I-psychology yomculo isiyalo esenza izifundo ze-psychology. izimo, izindlela namaphethini omculo. imisebenzi yabantu, kanye nomthelela wabo esakhiweni seminyuziyamu. inkulumo, ukwakheka kanye nomlando. ukuvela komculo. izindlela nezici zokusebenza kwazo. Njengesayensi, ithiyori yomculo ihlobene kakhulu nomkhakha we-musicology, kodwa futhi ihlobene kakhulu nesayensi yezengqondo evamile, i-psychophysiology, i-acoustics, i-psycholinguistics, i-pedagogy, kanye nenani leminye imikhakha. Umculo-ngokwengqondo. izifundo zinentshisekelo kokuningi. izici: kwezokufundisa., ezihlobene nemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwabaculi, emculweni-wethiyori. kanye nobuhle, ngokuphathelene nezinkinga zokuzindla emculweni weqiniso, kwezenhlalo-nengqondo, ezithinta amaphethini okuba khona komculo emphakathini ekuwohlokeni. izinhlobo, izimo namafomu, kanye nangokwengqondo yangempela., okuthakazelisa ososayensi ngokombono wemisebenzi evame kakhulu yokufunda i-psyche yomuntu, umsebenzi wakhe wokudala. ukubonakaliswa. Ngendlela yayo kanye nendlela yokwenza i-P.m., eyakhiwe izikhova. abacwaningi, bathembele, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kumbono we-Leninist wokuzindla, ngezindlela ze-aesthetics, i-pedagogy, i-sociology, kanye nesayensi yemvelo. kanye nesayensi eqondile; ngakolunye uhlangothi - emculweni. i-pedagogy kanye nohlelo lwezindlela zokufunda umculo oluthuthuke ku-musicology. Izindlela eziqondile ezivame kakhulu ze-P.m. zibandakanya ezokufundisa, zaselabhorethri nezokuhlalisana kwabantu, ukubhekwa, ukuqoqwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezokuhlalisana kwabantu. kanye nenhlalo-ngqondo. idatha (esekelwe ezingxoxweni, izinhlolovo, uhlu lwemibuzo), ukucwaninga kwalabo abarekhodiwe ezincwadini - kuma-memoirs, idayari, njll - idatha yokuhlola abaculi, okukhethekile. ukuhlaziywa kwemikhiqizo yomculo. ubuciko (ukuqamba, ukusebenza, incazelo yobuciko yomculo), izibalo. ukucutshungulwa kwedatha yangempela etholiwe, ukuhlolwa nokubola. izindlela ze-hardware fixation acoustic. kanye ne-physiological. amaphuzu omculo. imisebenzi. P. m. ihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zomculo. imisebenzi - ukuqamba umculo, ukubona, ukusebenza, ukuhlaziya umculo, umculo. imfundo - futhi ihlukaniswe yaba izindawo eziningana ezihlobene. Okuthuthuke kakhulu futhi okuthembisayo kwezesayensi nokusebenzayo. ubuhlobo: umculo-pedagogical. i-psychology, kuhlanganise nemfundiso yomculo. ukuzwa, amakhono omculo nokuthuthuka kwawo, njll.; i-psychology yombono womculo, kucatshangelwa izimo, amaphethini kanye nezindlela zombono wobuciko onenjongo womculo; i-psychology yenqubo yokudala yokuqamba umculo; i-psychology yomsebenzi wokwenza umculo, kucatshangelwa ezengqondo. ukujwayela kwekhonsathi nomsebenzi wangaphambi kwekhonsathi yomculi, imibuzo ye-psychology yokuhumusha umculo kanye nomthelela wokusebenza kwabalaleli; i-social psychology yomculo.

Emlandweni wakhe Ukuthuthukiswa komculo womculo kubonisa ukuvela kwe-musicology kanye ne-aesthetics, kanye nengqondo evamile kanye nezinye isayensi ehlobene nokufunda komuntu. Njengesiyalo sesayensi esizimele uP.m. wamila phakathi. Ikhulu le-19 ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwe-psychophysiology yokuhlola kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemfundiso yokuzwa emisebenzini kaG. Helmholtz. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, imibuzo yomculo. I-psychology yathinteka kuphela ekuphumeleleni emculweni-theory, ubuhle. imibhalo. Ekuthuthukisweni kwengqondo yomculo, umnikelo omkhulu wenziwa umsebenzi we-zarub. ososayensi - E. Mach, K. Stumpf, M. Meyer, O. Abraham, W. Köhler, W. Wundt, G. Reves kanye nenani labanye abafunda imisebenzi nezindlela zomculo. ukuzwa. Esikhathini esizayo, izinkinga ze-psychology yokuzwa zathuthukiswa emisebenzini yezikhova. ososayensi - EA Maltseva, NA Garbuzova, BM Teplov, AA Volodina, Yu. N. Rags, OE Sakhaltuyeva. Izinkinga ze-psychology yomculo. imibono ithuthukiswa encwadini ka-E. Kurt "I-Psychology Yomculo". Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uKurt wayethembele emibonweni yalabo okuthiwa. I-Gestalt psychology (kusuka ku-German. Gestalt - form) kanye nemibono yefilosofi ka-A. Schopenhauer, impahla yencwadi ngokwayo, umculo wayo othize kanye nengqondo. izinkinga zasebenza njengesisekelo sokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwe-psychology yomculo. ukuqonda. Kule ndawo, esikhathini esizayo, kwavela imisebenzi eminingi yangaphandle kanye nezikhova. abacwaningi - A. Wellek, G. Reves, SN Belyaeva-Kakzemplyarskaya, EV Nazaykinsky nabanye. Emisebenzini yezikhova. ososayensi bomculo. umbono uthathwa njengomsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi ohloselwe ukubonakaliswa okwanele komculo nokuhlanganisa umbono wangempela (umbono) womculo. impahla enedatha yomculo. kanye nesipiliyoni sempilo esijwayelekile (i-apperception), ukuqonda, isipiliyoni semizwa nokuhlolwa kwemikhiqizo. Ingxenye ebalulekile ye-P.M. is muz.-pedagogich. i-psychology, ikakhulukazi i-psychology yomculo. amakhono, ucwaningo B. Andrew, S. Kovacs, T. Lamm, K. Sishor, P. Mikhel, imisebenzi SM Maykapar, EA Maltseva, BM Teplov, G Ilina, VK Beloborodova, NA Vetlugina. K ser. Ikhulu lama-20 izinkinga zenhlalakahle yabantu ziya ngokuya ziba nesisindo (bheka iSociology of Music). Wayenakwa emibhalweni yakhe u-zarub. ososayensi P. Farnsworth, A. Sofek, A. Zilberman, G. Besseler, izikhova. abacwaningi Belyaeva-Ekzemplyarskaya, AG Kostyuk, AN Sokhor, VS Tsukerman, GI Pankevich, GL Golovinsky nabanye. Ngokwezinga elincane kakhulu, i-psychology yobuciko bomqambi nomculo iye yathuthukiswa. ukubulawa. Zonke izindawo zomculo. I-psychology ihlanganiswa ibe yinto eyodwa ngohlelo lwemiqondo nezigaba zepsychology evamile, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokugxila emculweni. ithiyori kanye nokwenza.

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EV Nazaikinskiy