USamuel Barber |

USamuel Barber

Ngo-1924-28 wafunda no-IA Vengerova (upiyano), uR. Scalero (umqambi), F. Reiner (owayeqhuba), u-E. de Gogorz (oculayo) eCurtis Institute of Music ePhiladelphia, lapho kamuva afundisa khona izinsimbi nezinsimbi. ukuqhutshwa (1939-42). Isikhathi esithile wayecula njengomculi (baritone) kanye nomqhubi wemisebenzi yakhe emadolobheni aseYurophu, kuhlanganise nemikhosi (Hereford, 1946). UBarber ungumbhali wemisebenzi eminingi yezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ezingomeni zakhe zokuqala zepiyano, ithonya lama-romantics kanye no-SV Rachmaninoff libonakaliswa, kuma-orchestra - ngu-R. Strauss. Kamuva, wamukela izici zesitayela esisha se-B. Bartok, ekuqaleni kuka-IF Stravinsky no-SS Prokofiev. Isitayela esivuthiwe sikaBarber sibonakala ngenhlanganisela yokuthambekela kwezothando nezici ze-neoclassical.

Imisebenzi engcono kakhulu kaBarber ihlukaniswa ngokuba nobuchule besimo nokunotha kokuthungwa; Imisebenzi ye-orchestra - enekhono lokushaya izinsimbi elikhazimulayo (eyenziwe ngu-A. Toscanini, A. Kusevitsky nabanye abaqhubi abakhulu), upiyano lusebenza - ngesethulo sopiyano, izwi - ngokusheshisa ukwenziwa samuntu okungokomfanekiso, ukucula okuvezayo kanye nokuphindaphinda komculo.

Phakathi kwezingoma zokuqala zikaBarber, eziphawuleka kakhulu yilezi: i-symphony yokuqala, i-Adagio ye-orchestra yezintambo (ukuhlelwa kokunyakaza kwesibili kwequartet yochungechunge lokuqala), i-sonata yepiyano, ikhonsathi ye-violin ne-orchestra.

Okudumile i-opera enezingoma ezishisayo ethi Vanessa esekelwe endabeni yothando yendabuko (enye yama-opera ambalwa aseMelika adlalwa e-Metropolitan Opera, New York, 1958). Umculo wakhe uphawuleka nge-psychologism, melodiousness, wembula ukusondelana okuthile nomsebenzi "we-verists", ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nama-opera asekupheleni kuka-R. Strauss, ngakolunye.

Ukwakhiwa:

ama-opera - UVanessa (1958) no-Antony noCleopatra (1966), i-opera ye-chamber Bridge Party (Isandla sebhuloho, Spoleto, 1959); amabhalethi - "Inhliziyo Yenyoka" (Inhliziyo yenyoka, 1946, uhlelo lwesi-2 1947; esekelwe kuyo - i-orchestral suite "Medea", 1947), "Blue Rose" (A blue rose, 1957, hhayi okuthunyelwe.); yezwi ne-orchestra – “Andromache’s farewell” (Andromache’s farewell, 1962), “The Lovers” (The lovers, after P. Neruda, 1971); ye-orchestra - ama-symphonies angu-2 (1st, 1936, edition 2nd - 1943; 2nd, 1944, edition entsha - 1947), idlulele emdlalweni othi "School of Scandal" kaR. Sheridan (1932), "Festive Toccata" (Toccata festiva, 1960) , “Fadograph from a yestern scene” (Fadograph evela esigcawini esedlule, ngemva kukaJ. Joyce, 1971), amakhonsathi ne-orchestra - yepiyano (1962), ye-violin (1939), 2 ye-cello (1946, 1960), i-ballet suite "Izikhumbuzo" (Izikhumbuzo, 1953); Izingoma zegumbi - Ikhonsathi yeCapricorn yomtshingo, i-oboe necilongo eline-orchestra yezintambo (1944), ama-quartet ezintambo ezi-2 (1936, 1948), "Umculo wasehlobo" (Umculo wasehlobo, we-woodwind quintet), i-sonatas (ye-sonata ye-cello nepiyano, kanye "nomculo wesigcawu esivela ku-Shelley" - Umculo wesigcawu esivela ku-Shelley, 1933, i-American Rome Prize 1935); kwaya, imijikelezo yezingoma kokulandelayo. J. Joyce kanye noR. Rilke, Imithandazo kaCantata Kierkegaard (Imithandazo yaseKjerkegaard, 1954).

References: UMfowethu N., uSamuel Barber, NY, ngo-1954.

V. Yu. Delson