I-Vytautas Prano Barkauskas (Vytautas Barkauskas) |

Izindawo zokuhlala e- Barkauskas

Omunye wezingcweti ezihamba phambili zesiko lomculo wesimanje eLithuania, u-V. Barkauskas, ungowesizukulwane sabaqambi baseLithuania abazazisa ngawo-60s. "njengabaxazululi", bephendukela esithombeni esisha, ulimi olusha, ngezinye izikhathi olushaqisayo lwe-avant-garde. Kusukela ezinyathelweni zokuqala, u-Barkauskas waba omunye wabaholi abasha, kodwa kakade emisebenzini yakhe yokuqala lokhu okusha akukaze kubekwe, kodwa kwenziwa ngokuxhumana okuseduze nendabuko, ethobela ngokuphelele umklamo wobuciko. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe wokudala, isitayela sika-Barkauskas sashintsha ngokuguquguqukayo - ukuphimisela kwezinhlobo nezindlela zashintsha, kodwa izici ezibalulekile zahlala zingashintshile - okuqukethwe okujulile, ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu, ukuhlangana okunamandla kwemizwelo nobuhlakani.

Ifa lomqambi lihlanganisa cishe zonke izinhlobo zomculo: isiteji (i-opera ethi The Legend of Love, i-choreographic stage Conflict), umculo we-symphonic nowegumbi (okuhlanganisa nama-symphonies angu-5, i-Three Aspects triptych, amakhonsathi angu-3, ​​i-Monologue ye-oboe solo, i-Partita ye-violin eyedwa, Ama-sonata e-violin angu-3, ​​ama-quartet ezintambo ezingu-2, i-Quintet ne-Sextet yezintambo ezinopiyano), amakhwaya, ama-cantata nama-oratorio, amazwi ezwi (emgqeni ka-P. Eluard, N. Kuchak, V. Palchinskaite), izingoma zomculo nepiyano (kuhlanganise ne 4, 6 kanye 8 izandla), umculo wetiyetha kanye cinema. U-Barkauskas unaka kakhulu i-repertoire yezingane.

Izifundo zomculo zokuqala zaqala ekhaya, bese - emnyangweni wepiyano wesikole somculo. Y. Tallat-Kyalpshi e-Vilnius. Nokho, umqambi akazange asheshe athole ubizo lwakhe, wathola umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala e-Faculty of Physics and Mathematics Vilnius Pedagogical Institute (1953). Kuphela ngemva kwalokho uBarkauskas wanquma ukuzinikela ngokuphelele emculweni - ngo-1959 waphothula eVilnius Conservatory ekilasini lomqambi ovelele nothisha u-A. Raciunas.

Eshumini leminyaka lokuqala lokudala, umculo kaBarkauskas waphawuleka kakhulu ngomoya wokuhlola, ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuqamba (i-atonalism, i-dodecaphony, i-sonoristics, i-aleatorics).

Lokhu kwembulwa ngokusobala kakhulu ohlotsheni oluhamba phambili lwama-60s. - emculweni wegumbi, lapho, kanye nezindlela zesimanje zokuqamba, ukuthambekela kwe-neoclassical isici salesi sikhathi somculo wamaSoviet (ukwakha okucacile, ukucaca kokwethulwa, amandla adonsela phansi ku-polyphony) nawo asetshenziswa ngokuthakazelisayo. Okusondele kakhulu kubaphathi besikhathi esidlule ku-Barkauskas kwakuyisimiso sokusebenza kwekhonsathi - uhlobo lokudlala ngama-timbres, ama-dynamics, amasu e-virtuoso, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-thematics. Lawa i-Concertino yakhe yamaqembu amane ekamelo (1964), "Qhathanisa umculo" womtshingo, i-cello kanye ne-percussion (1968), "Ukwakheka okusondelene" kwe-oboe nezintambo eziyi-12 (1968), okungezabo kakhulu abadalwe umqambi. Futhi kamuva, u-Barkauskas akazange ahlukane nohlobo lwekhonsathi (I-Concertos ye-organ "Gloria urbi" - 1972; imitshingo nama-oboes nge-orchestra - 1978; Izingoma ezintathu zekhonsathi zepiyano - 1981).

Okubaluleke kakhulu i-Concerto ye-viola ne-chamber orchestra (1981), umsebenzi oyingqopha-mlando ofingqa ukusesha kwangaphambilini futhi ogcizelela isiqalo somzwelo, sothando, esiqinisa emsebenzini womqambi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ulimi lufinyeleleka kalula futhi lucace, ikhwalithi yangaphambili yesithombe manje iya ngokuya ihlanganiswa nomsindo onemibala. Zonke lezi zici zifakazela isifiso esiqhubekayo se-Barkauskas sokuhlanganisa izindlela ezicacile, ukujulisa okuqukethwe. Ngisho nasenkathini yokuqala, umqambi waphendukela ezindikimbeni zomphakathi, ngokuvamile ezibalulekile - enkondlweni ye-cantata ethi "Izwi Lenguquko" (ku-st. A. Drilinga - 1967), emjikelezweni othi "Promemoria" wemitshingo emibili, i-bass clarinet, upiyano, i-harpsichord ne-percussion (1970), lapho ethinta khona isihloko sezempi okokuqala ngqa. Kamuva, u-Barkauskas wabuyela kuyo ephindelela, enikeza umqondo wakhe omangalisayo uhlobo lwe-symphonic eyisikhumbuzo - kuma-symphonies we-Fourth (1984) kanye ne-Fifth (1986).

Njengabanye abaqambi abaningi baseLithuania, uBarkauskas unesithakazelo esijulile ngomlando wakhe wendabuko, ehlanganisa ulimi lwayo nezindlela zesimanje zokukhuluma ngendlela eyingqayizivele. Esinye sezibonelo ezithakazelisa kakhulu zalolo hlobo yi-symphonic triptych Three Aspects (1969).

Ngemva kokuphothula e-Conservatory, kanye nomsebenzi kaBarkauskas, uhlanganyela emisebenzini yezemfundo neyokufundisa - usebenza eVilnius Music College. J. Tallat-Kelpsy, e-Republican House of Folk Art, ufundisa ithiyori (kusukela ngo-1961) nokuqamba (kusukela ngo-1988) e-Lithuanian State Conservatory. Umqambi akaziwa kuphela ekhaya, kodwa futhi phesheya. Echaza umqondo wenye yezingoma zakhe zakamuva, uBarkauskas wabhala: “Bengicabanga ngoMuntu nesiphetho sakhe. Ekugcineni, le timu yanquma ukusesha okuyinhloko komculi waseLithuania.

G. Zhdanova