I-thermometer yezikhiye ingumsizi womculi!
Okuqukethwe
Ithemometha eyisihluthulelo wumdwebo obonakalayo wokusebenza nabo bonke okhiye bomculo abangamashumi amathathu. Amathoni ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili, elilodwa - elishisayo, elishisayo, lihambisana nesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa se-thermometer; abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, bayabanda, bangaboshwa ngokwemibandela esikalini sokususa.
Izihluthulelo ezibukhali zibhekwa njengezishisayo, futhi ama-sharps amaningi kukhiye, ukushisa "izinga lokushisa" ku-thermometer, liphakeme isinyathelo esithatha esikalini. Ngokwemvelo, izihluthulelo eziphansi, eziyisicaba zizobanda, futhi okhiye abaphansi kakhulu, "izinga lokushisa" lizoba phansi, futhi okuphansi okudingeka ubheke ukhiye esikalini.
Enkabeni ye-thermometer atholakala futhi, njengokungathi, ahambisana "zero" amathoni amabili ngaphandle kwezimpawu (anezimpawu "zero") - C enkulu kanye ne-A parallel encane kuyo. Konke kunengqondo, kungokwemvelo futhi kujwayelekile. Ngandlela-thile, lolu hlelo lonke lufana nombuthano wesihlanu, luvuliwe kuphela, lapho amagatsha abukhali futhi ayisicaba aqondiswe futhi aboshwe kukholomu.
Ubani owasungula ithemometha yethoni?
I-thermometer yezikhiye yasungulwa ngumqambi nothisha odumile u-Valery Davidovich Podvala. Ukwakhiwa kwakhe kungatholakala ezincwadini zezingane "Ake sihlanganise umculo."
Ngosizo lwe-thermometer, umqambi utshela abafana abaqale ukufunda umculo izindlela ezisheshayo neziqinisekile zokuthola ama-subdominants, ababusi, okhiye abahlobene, nezinye izinto eziningi. Abaculi babeyithanda ngempela i-thermometer yezikhiye, futhi abantu abaningi bafunda ngayo.
Ku-thermometer enemibala ye-V. Podvaly, sibona ukuthi okhiye abakhulu bathatha ingxenye ebomvu yesikali, futhi okhiye abancane bathatha ingxenye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Maphakathi kukhona izikhiye zika-C ezinkulu kanye no-A minor, ngaphezu kwazo kukhona zonke izikali ezibukhali, futhi ngaphansi kwazo kukhona eziyisicaba. Izinombolo zikhomba ukuthi zingaki izimpawu ezikukhiye othile.
Ukuze uqambe izimpawu ngokunembile, kuzodingeka ukhumbule ukuhleleka kwama-sharps (fa, do, sol, re, la, mi, si) kanye nokuhleleka kwamafulethi (si, mi, la, re, sol, do, fa), njengoba i-thermometer ibonisa kuphela inani lama-Sharps namaflethi, kodwa ayiwasho amagama. Thina ngokwethu kumelwe sikhethe ezifanele.
I-thermometer yethoni ethuthukisiwe
Ukuze ukwazi ukulunguza ku-thermometer hhayi kuphela inani lama-sharps namaflethi kwesinye sezihluthulelo, kodwa futhi ukuze sibone ukuthi kuzoba luhlobo luni lwezimpawu, sinqume ukwenza futhi sethule kuwe imodeli yayo ethuthukisiwe.
Esithombeni ungabona ithemometha enezinga eliphindwe kabili. Uhlangothi lwesokudla lubonisa inani lezinhlamvu kukhiye othile. Ohlangothini lwesobunxele kubhalwe: phezulu ngokulandelana kwama-Sharps (FA DO SOL RE LA MI SI), futhi phansi - ukuhleleka kwamafulethi (SI MI LA RE SOL DO FA).
Ukuze uqambe izimpawu ze-tonality, sithola ku-thermometer, sibheke inombolo yezibonakaliso, bese sikhuphuka noma siwela kusuka ku-zero esikalini sobunxele, sibiza zonke izimpawu kuze kube yilapho sifika ku-tonality ekhethiwe. I-Sharp noma i-flat, ebekwe ngokuphambene nokhiye oyifunayo, izoba ngeyokugcina kuwo.
Isibonelo, i sifuna ukwazi zingaki izinhlamvu ezikukhiye ka-B omkhulu. Siyithola ku-thermometer - iphakathi kwezinhlelo ezibukhali, inama-sharps angu-5, okungukuthi (kusuka "ku-zero"): fa, do, sol, re kanye ne-la.
Esinye isibonelo – ake sikuthole ngokhiye we-D-flat major. Kubhalwe ku-“frosty”, ohlangothini oluyisicaba, kunezimpawu ezinhlanu ku-thermometer, okungukuthi (sehla sisuka “ku-zero”): si, mi, la, re nosawoti.
Ngezansi sizokwethula enye inguqulo ye-thermometer - enezimpawu zezinhlamvu zamathoni. Ungasebenzisa noma yimuphi omthanda kakhulu ezifundweni zakho. Ungalanda womabili ama-thermometers ukuze uwaphrinte LAPHA.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani enye i-thermometer yethoni?
Njengoba wazi, ungakhumbula izimpawu ezibalulekile ezikhiye ngaphandle kwe-thermometer, isibonelo, ngokusho "kwemithetho emikhulu". “Imithetho emikhulu” lapha esiyibiza ngokuthi imithetho yokuthola ngokushesha izimpawu kokhiye abakhulu. Sikukhumbuza ngabo:
- ngokhiye obukhali, ubukhali bokugcina yisinyathelo esingaphansi kwe-tonic;
- kumakhi ayisicaba, i-tonic ifihliwe ngemuva kwefulethi lokugcina (okungukuthi, lilingana nefulethi elingaphambili).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amathoni akhunjulwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngokushesha okukhulu, ukuze isidingo sokubheka endaweni ethile sivele sinyamalale. Ngakho ungasebenzisa kanjani i-thermometer yethoni?
Okokuqala, i kulula kakhulu ukubheka umehluko wezimpawu kuwo. Sithatha amathoni amabili, sibale ukuthi mangaki amadigri ahlukene, bese sithola impendulo. Isibonelo, izikhiye zika-D ezinkulu kanye no-F ezinkulu zihluka ngezimpawu ezintathu. Futhi okhiye i-C-flat major kanye ne-C-sharp enkulu - ngezinhlamvu ezingu-14.
Okwesibili, usebenzisa i-thermometer, ungathola kalula izinyathelo eziyinhloko - i-subdominant (leli yigama lesinyathelo se-IV ngokuvumelana) kanye nesikhulu (leli yigama lesinyathelo sesihlanu). I-dominant izoba yidigri eyodwa phezulu ukusuka ku-tonic, futhi i-subdominant eyodwa degree ibe phansi. Isibonelo: ku-C enkulu (i-tonic C), okuyinhloko kuzoba umsindo othi "G" futhi ukhiye ovelele uzoba ngu-G omkhulu, futhi ongaphansi kuzoba umsindo othi "F", ukhiye ophansi uzoba ngu-F omkhulu.
Okwesithathu, I-thermometer ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha amathoni ahlobene ahlobene. Kukhona okhiye abayisithupha kuphela bezinga lokuqala lobudlelwane (sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe kamuva), futhi ezinhlanu zazo zingabonakala ngokushesha! Kanjani? Ithoni eyodwa ehlobene isezingeni elifanayo le-thermometer naleli esifuna “izihlobo” zalo, ababili abengeziwe baneziqu eziphakeme, kanti ababili abengeziwe baneziqu eziphansi. Akunzima ukubheka ithoni yesithupha “eyimfihlo” kumshini wokushisa wokushisa (sizokufundisa lokhu kamuva).
Isibonelo, i thola okhiye abahlanu abahlobene be-E minor. Lokhu kuzoba: G omkhulu (ngezinga “lezinga lokushisa” elifanayo), u-D omkhulu no-B omncane (idigri eyodwa ephakeme), u-C omkhulu no-A omncane (idigri elilodwa eliphansi). Ukhiye wesithupha uzoba ngu-B omkhulu (usesha kanjani kuyilapho singakhulumi).
Noma esinye isibonelo: ake sibheke “izihlobo” eziseduze ze-E-flat major. Lokhu kuzoba: C minor (kuseli efanayo), B-flat enkulu kanye G minor (ngenhla), kanye A-flat enkulu kanye F minor (ngezansi). Ukhiye wesithupha lapha ngu-A-flat minor (kukhona okuye ndawana thize).
Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-thermometer yethu kungaba banzi. Uma wazi ezinye izindlela zokusebenza nohlelo olunjalo, sicela ubhale ngakho kumazwana alesi sihloko. Futhi buza imibuzo yakho uma unayo.
Manje ake sithathe ikhefu lomculo. Sikumema ukuthi ulalele umculo omnandi womculi omkhulu uLudwig van Beethoven. Uzozwa i-sonata ye-violin nepiyano No. 5 ebizwa ngokuthi “Spring”
I-Beethoven - i-Sonata No. 5 "Spring" ye-violin nepiyano
