Václav Neumann |

UVaclav Neumann

“Isibalo esintekenteke, ikhanda elincanyana, izici zokuzincisha injabulo - kunzima ukucabanga umehluko omkhulu nokubukeka okunamandla kukaFranz Konwitschny. Nokho, kuhlukile, njengoba isakhamuzi sasePrague u-Vaclav Neumann manje esengene esikhundleni sika-Konvichny njengomholi we-orchestra ye-Gewandhaus, kubhala isazi somculo saseJalimane u-Ernst Krause eminyakeni embalwa edlule.

Iminyaka eminingi, uVaclav Neumann unikeze ithalenta lakhe kumasiko amabili omculo ngesikhathi esisodwa - iCzechoslovak neJalimane. Umsebenzi wakhe othela izithelo futhi onezici eziningi uvela endaweni yeshashalazi yomculo nasesiteji sekhonsathi, uhlanganisa amazwe amaningi namadolobhakazi amaningi.

Kuze kube muva nje, uNeumann ubengaziwa kancane - namuhla bakhuluma ngaye njengomunye wabaqhubi abaphiwe kakhulu nabangempela besizukulwane sangemva kwempi.

Indawo azalelwa kuyo lo mculi yiPrague, “indawo yaseYurophu,” njengoba sekunesikhathi eside abaculi beyiqamba. Njengabaqondisi abaningi, uNeumann uthweswe iziqu ePrague Conservatory. Othisha bakhe lapho kwakunguP. Dedechek noV. Talikh. Waqala ngokudlala izinsimbi zomculo we-orchestra - i-violin, i-viola. Iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili wayeyilungu le-Smetana Quartet edumile, enza i-viola kuyo, futhi wasebenza ku-Czech Philharmonic Orchestra. U-Neumann akazange ashiye iphupho lokuba umqhubi, futhi wawufeza umgomo wakhe.

Eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala wasebenza eKarlovy Vary naseBrno, futhi ngo-1956 waba umqhubi wePrague City Orchestra; ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Neumann wadlala okokuqala kuphaneli yokulawula ye-Berlin Komische Oper Theatre. Umqondisi ovelele wemidlalo yaseshashalazini, u-V. Felsenshtein, wakwazi ukuzwa kumqhubi osemusha izici ezihlobene naye - isifiso sokudluliselwa kweqiniso, okungokoqobo komsebenzi, ukuhlanganiswa kwazo zonke izingxenye zokusebenza komculo. Futhi wamema uNeumann ukuba athathe isikhundla sokuba umqhubi omkhulu wemidlalo yaseshashalazini.

U-Neumann wahlala ku-Komish Oper iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu, kusukela ngo-1956 kuya ku-1960, futhi kamuva wenza lapha njengomqhubi wokuvakasha. Ukusebenza nongcweti ovelele kanye nenye yama-ensembles angcono kakhulu kumnikeze inani elimangalisayo. Kwakuphakathi nale minyaka lapho kwakhiwa khona isithombe esiyingqayizivele somculi. I-Smooth, njengokungathi ihamba "ngomculo", ukunyakaza kuhlanganiswe nezwi elibukhali, elicacile (lapho i-baton yakhe ibonakala sengathi "ihlose" insimbi noma iqembu); umqhubi unaka ngokukhethekile ukuhlukaniswa kwemisindo, ukufeza umehluko omkhulu kanye nomvuthwandaba okhanyayo; ehola i-orchestra ngokunyakaza kwezomnotho, usebenzisa wonke amathuba, kuze kufike ekubukeni kobuso, ukudlulisela izinhloso zakhe kumalungu e-orchestra.

Ngaphandle kungasebenzi, isitayela sokuqhuba esiqinile se-Neiman sinamandla amakhulu ajabulisayo futhi ahlaba umxhwele. Ama-Muscovites angaqiniseka ngalokhu izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa - kokubili ngesikhathi sokudlala komqhubi we-console ye-Komische Opera Theatre, futhi kamuva, lapho efika kithi ne-Prague Philharmonic Orchestra. Ubelokhu esebenza naleli qembu njalo kusukela ngo-1963. Kodwa uNeumann akahlukani namaqembu okudala e-GDR - kusukela ngo-1964 ubesebenza njengomqondisi womculo we-Leipzig Opera kanye ne-Gewandhaus Orchestra, futhi ubelokhu eqhuba imidlalo I-Dresden Opera.

Ikhono likaNeumann njengomqhubi we-symphonic libonakala ikakhulukazi ekuchazeni umculo wabantu bakubo - isibonelo, umjikelezo wezinkondlo "Izwe Lami" lika-Smetana, ama-symphonies ka-Dvořák kanye nemisebenzi ka-Janáček no-Martinou, umoya wezwe kanye "nokulula okuyinkimbinkimbi" , eziseduze nomqhubi, kanye nababhali besimanje besiCzech nesiJalimane. Phakathi abaqambi bakhe abathandayo kukhona futhi Brahms, Shostakovich, Stravinsky. Ngokuqondene nemidlalo yaseshashalazini, lapha phakathi kwemisebenzi engcono kakhulu yomqhubi kuyadingeka ukubiza ngokuthi "Izinganekwane zikaHoffmann", "Othello", "I-Chanterelle Ehlakaniphile" ku-"Comische Opera"; "Katya Kabanova" no "Boris Godunov" enguqulweni kaShostakovich, ehlelwe nguye eLeipzig; I-opera ka-L. Janicek ethi “From the Dead House” – eDresden.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, ngo-1969