Veniamin Savelyevich Tolba (Tolba, Veniamin) |

Tolba, Benjamin

Umculi Wabantu we-SSR yase-Ukraine (1957), Umklomelo kaStalin (1949). U-Tolba ujabulela udumo olumfanele e-Ukraine njengomculi onolwazi oluhlukahlukene namasiko aphezulu. E-Kharkov yakubo, wafunda ivayolini, futhi kamuva (1926-1928) wafunda imikhakha ehlukahlukene eLeningrad Central Music College. E-Kharkov Conservatory (1929-1932), uthisha wakhe ekuqhubeni kwakunguProfesa Y. Rosenstein, futhi ngemva kwalokho wathuthuka ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaG. Adler, owamenywa ukuba azofunda neqembu labathweswe iziqu. Isithombe sobuciko somqhubi ekugcineni sakhiwe ngenqubo yokusebenza okusebenzayo, futhi isikhathi sokusebenza ngokubambisana no-A. Pazovsky (kusukela ngo-1933) sasibaluleke kakhulu lapha.

Ngisho nasebusheni bakhe, waqala ukudlala i-violin kuma-orchestra aseKharkov - okokuqala i-Philharmonic (ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-A. Orlov, N. Malko, A. Glazunov), bese kuba yi-Opera House. I-debut yomqhubi nayo yenzeke ekuqaleni - kakade ngo-1928 uTolba wadlala emsakazweni waseKharkov, e-Russian Drama Theatre nase-Ukraine Jewish Theater. Iminyaka eyishumi (1931-1941) wasebenza eKharkov Opera House. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokokuqala ngqa, kwadingeka ame e-console ye-Kyiv Theatre ye-Opera ne-Ballet ebizwa ngokuthi TG Shevchenko (1934-1935). Zombili lezi midlalo yaseshashalazini phakathi neMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe zihlangene zaba iqembu elilodwa, elidlalwa e-Irkutsk (1942-1944). UTholba wayelapha ngaleso sikhathi. Futhi kusukela ngo-1944, ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-Ukraine, ubelokhu esebenza e-Kyiv.

Cishe ama-opera nama-ballet angamashumi amahlanu adlalwa ezinkundleni zemidlalo yeshashalazi eqondiswa uTolba. Nazi zakudala zaseRussia nezangaphandle, ezisebenza ngabaqambi be-SSR yase-Ukraine. Phakathi kwalokhu kokugcina, imidlalo yokuqala ye-operas i-Naymichka ka-M. Verikovsky, i-Young Guard kanye ne-Dawn phezu kwe-Dvina ka-Y. Meitus, kanye ne-Honor ka-G. Zhukovsky kufanele kuqashelwe. Imisebenzi eminingi emisha yababhali base-Ukraine yayihlanganisa u-Tolba ezinhlelweni zakhe ezihlukahlukene ze-symphonic.

Indawo ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kombhidisi idlalwa ngokuqoshwa komculo wamafilimu afakiwe, okuhlanganisa nefilimu-opera ethi "Zaporozhets beyond the Danube".

Igalelo elibalulekile likaTolba ekuthuthukiseni isiko lomculo lase-Ukraine kwaba ukufundisa umthala wonke wabaqhubi nabahlabeleli manje abenza imidlalo yaseshashalazini eminingi yezwe. Ngisho nangaphambi kwempi, wafundisa eKharkov Conservatory (1932-1941), futhi kusukela ngo-1946 ube nguprofesa eKyiv Conservatory.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek