UVladimir Ashkenazy (Vladimir Ashkenazy) |

UVladimir Ashkenazy

Sekuphele amashumi amahlanu eminyaka, uVladimir Ashkenazy engomunye wabadlali bopiyano abadume kakhulu esizukulwaneni sakhe. Ukukhuphuka kwakhe kwakushesha kakhulu, nakuba kwakungeyona neze izinkinga: kwakukhona izikhathi zokungabaza kokudala, impumelelo ishintshana nokwehluleka. Kodwa nokho kuyiqiniso: emuva ekuqaleni kwawo-60s, ababuyekezi basondela ekuhlolweni kobuciko bakhe ngemibandela edinga kakhulu, ngokuvamile beyiqhathanisa nozakwabo abahlonishwayo nabahlonishwa kakhulu. Ngakho, kumagazini othi “Soviet Music” umuntu wayengafunda incazelo elandelayo yencazelo yakhe ethi “Izithombe Embukisweni” kaMussorgsky: “Umsindo ophefumulelwe othi “Izithombe” kaS. Richter awulibaleki, incazelo kaL. Oborin ibalulekile futhi ezithakazelisayo. V. U-Ashkenazy ngendlela yakhe uveza ukubunjwa okukhazimulayo, ukulidlala ngokuzithiba okuhloniphekile, okunenjongo kanye nokuqedwa kwe-filigree kwemininingwane. Ngokucebile kwemibala, ubunye nobuqotho bombono kwagcinwa.

Emakhasini ale ngosi, kukhulunywa ngemiqhudelwano ehlukahlukene yomculo njalo nje. Maye, kungokwemvelo - noma siyathanda noma singathandi - ukuthi sebeyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuthuthukisa ithalente namuhla, futhi, empeleni, bethule iningi labaculi abadumile. Isiphetho sokudala se-Ashkenazi siyisici futhi siyaphawuleka kulokhu: wakwazi ukudlula ngempumelelo i-crucible yabathathu, mhlawumbe imincintiswano egunyazwe futhi enzima kakhulu yesikhathi sethu. Ngemva komklomelo wesibili eWarsaw (1955), wawina imiklomelo ephakeme kunazo zonke emqhudelwaneni weNdlovukazi u-Elisabeth eBrussels (1956) kanye nomncintiswano wePI Tchaikovsky eMoscow (1962).

Ithalente lomculo elingavamile lase-Ashkenazi lazibonakalisa kusenesikhathi, futhi ngokusobala lalihlotshaniswa nesiko lomndeni. Ubaba kaVladimir ungumdlali wopiyano we-pop uDavid Ashkenazi, owaziwa kabanzi kuze kube yilolu suku e-USSR, uchwepheshe wezinga lokuqala lomsebenzi wakhe wezandla, obuhle bakhe buhlale buvusa ukuthakasela. Ukulungiselela okuhle kakhulu kwenezelwa kufuzo, okokuqala uVladimir wafunda eCentral Music School nothisha u-Anaila Sumbatyan, wabe eseya eMoscow Conservatory noProfesa Lev Oborin. Uma sikhumbula ukuthi uhlelo ngalunye lwemincintiswano emithathu okwakudingeka alwenze luyinkimbinkimbi futhi lucebile kangakanani, kuyacaca ukuthi lapho ephothula esikoleni somculo, umculi wopiyano wayesekwazi ukucula okubanzi kakhulu futhi okuhlukahlukene. Ngaleso sikhathi sokuqala, wayehlukaniswa yi-universalism yokwenza izinkanuko (okuyinto engavamile kakhulu). Kunoma ikuphi, amazwi kaChopin ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele nenkulumo ye-sonatas kaProkofiev. Futhi kunoma yikuphi ukuhumusha, izici zomdlali wopiyano osemusha zazibonakala njalo: ukuqhuma okuqhuma, impumuzo kanye ne-convexity yemisho, umuzwa ojulile wombala ozwakalayo, ikhono lokulondoloza amandla entuthuko, ukunyakaza komcabango.

Yebo, imishini yobuchwepheshe emihle kakhulu yenezelwa kukho konke lokhu. Ngaphansi kweminwe yakhe, ukuthungwa kwepiyano kwakuhlale kubonakala kuminyene, kugcwele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-nuances amancane awazange anyamalale ukuze azwe. Ngamafuphi, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-60s kwakuyinkosi yangempela. Futhi yadonsa ukunaka kwabagxeki. Omunye wababuyekezi wabhala: “Ekhuluma nge-Ashkenazi, umuntu uvame ukuncoma idatha yakhe ye-virtuoso. Ngempela, uyingcweti evelele, hhayi ngomqondo osontekile wegama eliye lasakazeka muva nje (ikhono lokudlala iziqephu eziningi ezihlukahlukene ngokushesha ngokumangalisayo), kodwa ngomqondo walo wangempela. Umdlali wopiyano osemusha akagcini nje ngokuba neminwe ekhaliphile futhi eqinile, eqeqeshwe kahle, unekhono lokukhuluma ngephalethi ehlukahlukene nenhle yemisindo yepiyano. Empeleni, lesi sici siyasebenza naku-Vladimir Ashkenazi wanamuhla, nakuba ngesikhathi esifanayo sintula eyodwa kuphela, kodwa mhlawumbe isici esibaluleke kakhulu esiye savela eminyakeni edlule: ukuvuthwa kwezobuciko, ubuciko. Minyaka yonke umdlali wopiyano uzibekela isibindi nemisebenzi ejulile yokudala, uyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izincazelo zakhe ze-Chopin, Liszt, udlala uBeethoven noSchubert ngokuqhubekayo, enqoba ngoqobo nangesilinganiso futhi emisebenzini kaBach noMozart, Tchaikovsky noRachmaninov. , Brahms and Ravel...

Ngo-1961, ngaphambi nje kokukhunjulwa kwakhe uMncintiswano Wesibili weTchaikovsky. UVladimir Ashkenazy wahlangana nomdlali wepiyano osemusha wase-Iceland uSophie Johannsdottir, ngaleso sikhathi owayengumfundi e-Moscow Conservatory. Ngokushesha baba indoda nomfazi, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili lo mbhangqwana wazinza eNgilandi. Ngo-1968, i-Ashkenazi yazinza e-Reykjavik futhi yamukela ubuzwe base-Icelandic, futhi eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva uLucerne waba "indawo yakhe yokuhlala" eyinhloko. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, uyaqhubeka nokunikeza amakhonsathi ngomfutho okhulayo, wenza nama-orchestra amahle kakhulu emhlabeni, uqopha okuningi kumarekhodi - futhi lawa marekhodi asesakazeke kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo, mhlawumbe, ukuqoshwa kwawo wonke amakhonsathi kaBeethoven noRachmaninov, kanye namarekhodi kaChopin, athandwa kakhulu.

Kusukela maphakathi nawo-1981, inkosi eyaziwayo yomculo wepiyano yesimanje, njengabaningi ozakwabo, uye wakwazi ngempumelelo umsebenzi wesibili - ukuqhuba. Kakade ngo-1987, waba ngowokuqala unomphela isivakashi umbhidisi London Philharmonic Orchestra, futhi manje wenza endaweni yesikhulumi emazweni amaningi. Kusukela ngo-1994 kuya ku-XNUMX wayengumqhubi weRoyal Philharmonic Orchestra, futhi waqhuba iCleveland Symphony Orchestra, iBerlin Radio Orchestra. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, amakhonsathi womdlali wopiyano wase-Ashkenazi awavamile futhi avuse isithakazelo esikhulu sezilaleli njengangaphambili.

Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960, i-Ashkenazy yenze ukuqoshwa okuningi kwamalebula okurekhoda ahlukahlukene. Wenza futhi waqopha yonke imisebenzi yepiyano kaChopin, Rachmaninov, Scriabin, Brahms, Liszt, kanye namakhonsathi epiyano amahlanu kaProkofiev. I-Ashkenazy iwine Indondo Ye-Grammy izikhathi eziyisikhombisa ku-Classical Music Performance. Phakathi kwabaculi asebenzisana nabo kukhona u-Itzhak Perlman, uGeorg Solti. Njengomqhubi nama-orchestra ahlukahlukene, wenza futhi wabhala wonke ama-symphonies kaSibelius, uRachmaninov noShostakovich.

Incwadi ye-autobiographical ka-Ashkenazi ethi Beyond the Frontiers yanyatheliswa ngo-1985.