Ziyadullah Mukadasovich Shahidi (Ziyadullah Shahidi) |

Ziyadullah Shahidi

U-Z. Shakhidi ungomunye wabasunguli bobuciko besimanje bomculo obuchwepheshile e-Tajikistan. Izingoma zakhe eziningi, ezothando, ama-opera kanye nemisebenzi ye-symphonic yangena esikhwameni segolide sezingoma zomculo zama-republic aseSoviet East.

Wazalelwa eSamarkand yangaphambi kokuvukela umbuso, esinye sezikhungo eziyinhloko zesiko laseMpumalanga Yasendulo, futhi wakhulela ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, uShakhidi wayehlale efuna ukukhuthaza ukusungulwa kwesiqondiso esisha esinengqondo kwezobuciko benkathi yangemva kokuguquguquka, ubungcweti bomculo. lokho kwakungeyona isici ngaphambili saseMpumalanga, kanye nezinhlobo zesimanje ezavela ngenxa yokuxhumana nesiko lomculo laseYurophu.

Njengedlanzana labanye abaculi abaphayona eMpumalanga yeSoviet, uShakhidi waqala ngokufunda kahle izisekelo zobuciko besizwe, wafunda amakhono okuqamba ochwepheshe esitudiyo sikazwelonke eMoscow Conservatory, wabe esesemnyangweni kazwelonke ekilasini lokuqamba le-V. Feret. (1952-57). Umculo wakhe, ikakhulukazi izingoma (ezingaphezu kuka-300), uthandwa kakhulu futhi uthandwe ngabantu. Izingoma eziningi zikaShakhidi (“Iholide lokunqoba, Indlu yethu ayikude, Uthando”) ziculwa yonke indawo eTajikistan, zithandwa kwamanye ama-republic, nakwamanye amazwe - e-Iran, e-Afghanistan. Isipho somculo esicebile somqambi sabonakala nasemsebenzini wakhe wothando. Phakathi kwamasampula e-14 ohlobo lwe-vocal miniature, i-Fire of Love (esiteshini sase-Khiloli), no-Birch (esiteshini sase-S. Obradovic) agqama kakhulu.

U-Shakhidi ungumqambi wekusasa elijabulisayo lokudala. Isipho sakhe sobuciko esikhanyayo sabonakala ngokuthakazelisayo ngokulinganayo emikhakheni emibili ehlukene kabukhali yomculo wesimanje - "ukukhanya" kanye "nokungathi sina". Bambalwa abaqambi besimanje abaye bakwazi ukuthandwa kakhulu abantu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bakha umculo ogqamile we-symphonic ezingeni eliphezulu lekhono lobuchwepheshe besebenzisa izindlela zokuqamba zesimanje. Yilokhu kanye “Symphony of the Maqoms” (1977) yakhe enjani lapho ekhuluma ngemibala ehlukene futhi ephazamisayo.

Ukunambitheka kwakhe kwe-orchestra kusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-sonor-phonic. I-aleatoric ebhaliwe, amandla okuphoqa ama-ostinato complexes ahambisana nezitayela zakamuva zokuqamba. Amakhasi amaningi omsebenzi aphinde akha ubumsulwa obuqinile be-Tajik monody yasendulo, njengomphathi wezindinganiso zokomoya nezokuziphatha, lapho umcabango ojwayelekile womculo ubuyela njalo. “Okuqukethwe kulo msebenzi kuningi, ngendlela yobuciko ethinta izihloko zaphakade nezibalulekile zobuciko bezinsuku zethu njengomzabalazo phakathi kokuhle nokubi, ukukhanya ngokumelene nobumnyama, inkululeko yokulwa nobudlova, ukusebenzisana kwamasiko nesimanje, jikelele, phakathi komdwebi nezwe,” kubhala u-A. Eshpay.

Uhlobo lwe-symphonic emsebenzini womqambi luphinde lumelwe yinkondlo enemibala egqamile ethi Solemn (1984), evuselela izithombe zemibhiyozo yama-Tajik, kanye nemisebenzi yesitayela semfundo esimaphakathi: amasudi amahlanu e-symphonic (1956-75); izinkondlo Symphonic "1917" (1967), "Buzruk" (1976); izinkondlo zezwi-symphonic "In Memory of Mirzo Tursunzade" (1978) kanye "Ibn Sina" (1980).

Umqambi udale i-opera yakhe yokuqala, u-Comde et Modan (1960), esuselwe enkondlweni yegama elifanayo yomlando wezincwadi zasempumalanga i-Bedil, phakathi nenkathi yokuqhakaza kwezimbali okuphezulu kakhulu. Isibe ngomunye wemisebenzi engcono kakhulu yesigcawu se-Tajik opera. Izingoma eziculwa kabanzi "i-Comde ne-Modan" yathola ukuthandwa okukhulu eriphabhulikhi, yangena ku-repertoire yakudala ye-Tajik bel canto masters kanye nesikhwama se-All-Union somculo we-opera. Umculo we-opera yesibili kaShakhidi, "Izigqila" (1980), owadalwa ngokusekelwe emisebenzini yakudala yezincwadi ze-Tajik Soviet S. Aini, waqashelwa kakhulu e-republic.

Ifa lomculo lika-Shakhidi lihlanganisa nezingoma eziyisikhumbuzo zamakwaya (i-oratorio, ama-cantatas angu-5 emazwini ezimbongi ze-Tajik zangaleso sikhathi), inani lemisebenzi yegumbi nezinsimbi (kuhlanganise ne-String Quartet - 1981), amasudi ezwi ne-choreographic ayi-8, umculo wemidlalo yaseshashalazini namafilimu. .

U-Shahidi uphinde wanikela ngamandla akhe okudala emisebenzini yezenhlalo neyokufundisa, ekhuluma emakhasini we-republic and central press, emsakazweni nakumabonakude. Umculi "wesimo sengqondo somphakathi", wayengakwazi ukungabi nandaba nezinkinga zempilo yesimanje yomculo we-republic, akakwazanga ukusiza kodwa aveze amaphutha okuvimbela ukukhula okuphilayo kwesiko lezwe elisha: "Ngiqiniseka ngokujulile ukuthi imisebenzi yomqambi ayihlanganisi nje kuphela ukudalwa kwemisebenzi yomculo, kodwa futhi inkulumo-ze yezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zobuciko bomculo, ukubamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo emfundweni yobuhle yabantu abasebenzayo. Ufundiswa kanjani umculo ezikoleni, yiziphi izingoma izingane ezicula ngamaholidi, hlobo luni lomculo intsha ethakaselwa kulo… futhi lokhu kufanele kumkhathaze umqambi.

E. Orlova