I-Sheng: incazelo yensimbi, ukwakheka, umlando, umsindo

Insimbi yomculo i-sheng ibhekwa ochwepheshe bomculo njengomzali we-harmonium ne-accordion. Akadumile futhi akadumile emhlabeni njengokuthi "izihlobo zakhe ezikhushuliwe", kodwa futhi ufanele ukunakwa, ikakhulukazi kubaculi abathanda ubuciko bomdabu.

Incazelo yethuluzi

Isitho somlomo samaShayina - lokhu kubuye kubizwe ngaleli thuluzi lomoya elivela eMbusweni Ophakathi, iyithuluzi elicishe lifane ne-multi-barreled space blaster evela kumafilimu ezinganekwane zesayensi. Eqinisweni, imvelaphi yasemhlabeni impela, ekuqaleni amaShayina enza imizimba yezinsimbi esuka emathangeni, futhi amapayipi anobude obuhlukene ayenziwe ngoqalo, afana nalawo atholakala esontweni laseYurophu. Ngakho-ke, le nsimbi yomculo eyinqaba ingeyeqembu lama-aerophones - amadivaysi lapho imisindo idalwe khona ngokudlidliza kwekholomu yomoya.

Ubukhulu besheng bungaba bukhulu - amasentimitha angama-80 ukusuka phansi, phakathi - amasentimitha angama-43, amancane - amasentimitha angama-40.

Idivayisi

I-Sheng (sheng, sheng) inomzimba wokhuni noma wensimbi, amapayipi anomhlanga wethusi, ipayipi legatsha (umlomo) lapho umculi evuthela khona. Amashubhu afakwa emzimbeni, ngayinye enezimbobo, eboshwe ngeminwe ukunikeza umsindo ithoni ethile. Uma uvala izimbobo eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ungathola umsindo we-chord. Kukhona ukusikeka kwe-longitudinal engxenyeni engenhla yamashubhu ukuze ukudlidliza komoya ngaphakathi kwenzeka ngokuzwakalayo ngomhlanga, ngaleyo ndlela kukhulise umsindo.

Amashubhu enziwe ngobude obuhlukene, ahlelwe ngempela ngamabili futhi ukuze anikeze i-sheng isimo esihle esilinganayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akubona bonke abathintekayo ekusebenzeni, ingxenye encane ihlobisa kuphela. I-Sheng inezinga lezinyathelo eziyishumi nambili, futhi ububanzi buncike enanini eliphelele lamapayipi nosayizi wawo.

Umlando

Lapho ngempela i-sheng yasungulwa, ngisho nezazi-mlando zeSinologist ezifunde kakhulu azikwazi ukusho ngokunemba okunokwethenjelwa. Umuntu angacabanga nje ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyinkulungwane nengxenye noma eyizinkulungwane ezimbili ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu.

Insimbi yathola ukuthandwa okukhethekile phakathi nokubusa kobukhosi bakwaZhou (1046-256 BC), abameleli babo, ngokusobala, babewuthanda kakhulu umculo. Yingakho umsindo we-sheng “wezingelosi” usuyingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zekhonsathi zabaculi basezigodini ezihambisana nokucula nabadansi phambi kwenkosi nethimba layo. Kamuva kakhulu, abathanda abantu bafunda i-Play kuyo futhi baqala ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi samakhonsathi e-impromptu phambi komphakathi olula emgwaqeni, ngamaholide noma emibuthanweni.

Maphakathi nekhulu lesi-XNUMX, isazi se-anatomist uJohann Wilde waya eChina, lapho ahlangana khona nabadlali be-sheng. Umdlalo wabaculi basemgwaqweni nomsindo ongavamile wensimbi wakhanga umLungu kangangokuthi wathenga “isitho somlomo” njengesikhumbuzo wasiyisa ezweni lakubo. Ngakho, ngokusho kwenganekwane, ukusabalala kwe-sheng eYurophu kwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi leli thuluzi lavela ezwenikazi ngaphambili, ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX-XNUMX.

Sheng umsindo

Uma uke waya eShayina, qiniseka ukuthi uthola umuntu ongadlala isheng. Yilapho kuphela lapho ozozwa khona ukusebenza kwezingcweti kanye nalowo msindo ogqamile ozwakalayo ama-virtuosos weqiniso angawukhipha ensimbini.

Phakathi kwezinye izinsimbi zomculo zamaShayina, i-sheng ingenye yezimbalwa ehambisana kahle nokudlalwa okuhlangene njengengxenye ye-orchestra. Kumaqoqo amakhulu ezinganekwane, i-sheng-bass kanye ne-sheng-alto ivame ukusetshenziswa.