I-Trembita: kuyini, idizayini yensimbi, ukuthi izwakala kanjani, sebenzisa

"Umphefumulo WamaCarpathians" - yile ndlela abantu baseMpumalanga neNyakatho Yurophu ababiza ngayo insimbi yomculo yomoya i-trembita. Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka adlule, yaba yingxenye yesiko lesizwe, yasetshenziswa abelusi, yaxwayiswa ngengozi, yayisetshenziswa emishadweni, emikhosini, emaholidini. Ukuhluka kwayo akukhona nje emsindweni. Leli ithuluzi lomculo elide kunawo wonke, elimakwe yiGuinness Book of Records.

Yini i-trembita

Isigaba somculo siwubhekisa embouchure izinsimbi zomoya. Kuyipayipi lokhuni. Ubude bungamamitha angu-3, ​​kunezibonelo zobukhulu obukhulu - kufika kumamitha angu-4.

Ama-Hutsul adlala i-trembita, ephephetha umoya endaweni ewumngcingo yepayipi, ububanzi bayo obungamasentimitha amathathu. Insimbi inwetshiwe.

Ithuluzi design

Bambalwa kakhulu abenzi be-trembita beqiniso abasele. Ubuchwepheshe bendalo abukashintshi emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. Ipayipi yenziwe nge-spruce noma i-larch. I-workpiece iyaphendulwa, bese yomiswa ngonyaka, okwenza ukhuni lube lukhuni.

Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukufeza udonga oluncane lapho ugoqa imbobo yangaphakathi. Uma uba mncane, ungcono, muhle kakhulu umsindo. Ubukhulu bodonga obulungile bungamamilimitha angu-3-7. Lapho wenza i-trembita, ayikho iglue esetshenziswayo. Ngemuva kokugoqa, ama-halves axhunywe izindandatho zamagatsha e-spruce. Umzimba wethuluzi eliqediwe uhlanganiswe ne-birch bark.

Ipayipi le-Hutsul alinawo ama-valve nama-valve. Imbobo yengxenye encane ifakwe i-beep. Lona uphondo noma umlomo wensimbi lapho umculi evuthela umoya. Umsindo uncike kwikhwalithi eyakhayo nekhono lomculi.

ukuzwakala

Ukudlala kwe-Trembita kuzwakala amashumi ambalwa amakhilomitha. Imiculo iculwa ngerejista ephezulu nangaphansi. Ngesikhathi sokudlala, insimbi ibanjwa insimbi ibheke phezulu. Umsindo uncike ekhonweni lomdlali, okungafanele akhiphe umoya kuphela, kodwa enze ukunyakaza kwezindebe ezihlukahlukene ezivevezelayo. Indlela esetshenziswayo yenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhipha umsindo omnandi noma ukukhiqiza umsindo omkhulu.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, abalandela abakhi bamacilongo bazama ukusebenzisa kuphela izihlahla ezilinyazwe umbani. Kulokhu, iminyaka yezinkuni kufanele ibe okungenani iminyaka engu-120. Kukholelwa ukuthi umgqomo onjalo unomsindo oyingqayizivele.

ukusatshalaliswa

Abelusi baseHutsul basebenzisa i-trembita njengethuluzi lokubonisa. Ngomsindo wayo, bazisa izakhamuzi mayelana nokubuya komhlambi emadlelweni, umsindo wakhanga abahambi abalahlekile, waqoqa abantu emikhosini yemikhosi, imicimbi ebalulekile.

Phakathi nezimpi, abelusi babekhuphuka izintaba bebheke abahlaseli. Zathi zisondela izitha kwakhala icilongo lazisa umuzi ngakho. Ngesikhathi sokuthula, abelusi babezilibazisa ngezingoma, kuyilapho bengekho edlelweni.

Insimbi yayisetshenziswa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu baseTranscarpathia, abaseRomania, basePoland, baseHungary. Izakhamuzi zasePolissya nazo zasebenzisa i-trembita, kodwa ubukhulu bayo babuncane kakhulu, futhi umsindo wawunamandla amancane.

Ukusebenzisa

Namuhla akuvamile ukuzwa umsindo we-trembita emadlelweni, nakuba ezindaweni ezikude zaseWestern Ukraine ithuluzi alilahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwalo. Seliyingxenye yesiko lesizwe futhi lisetshenziswa amaqembu e-ethnographic kanye nendabuko. Kwesinye isikhathi ucula yedwa futhi ahambisane nezinye izinsimbi zomculo.

Umculi wase-Ukraine u-Ruslana ku-Eurovision Song Contest 2004 ufake i-trembita ohlelweni lwakhe lokusebenza. Lokhu kuqinisekisa iqiniso lokuthi icilongo likaHutsul lingena kahle emculweni wesimanje. Umsindo wayo uvula imikhosi kazwelonke yase-Ukraine, iphinde ibize abakhileyo emaholidini, njengoba kwenza emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka edlule.