Amilcare Ponchielli |

Amilcare Ponchielli

I-Ponchielli. "La Gioconda". I-Suicidio (M. Callas)

Igama likaPonchielli lilondolozwe emlandweni womculo, ngenxa ye-opera eyodwa - i-La Gioconda - nabafundi ababili, uPuccini noMascagni, nakuba ukuphila kwakhe konke ayazi impumelelo engaphezu kweyodwa.

U-Amilcare Ponchielli wazalwa ngo-31 Agasti 1834 ePaderno Fasolaro eduze kwaseCremona, idolobhana manje elibizwa ngegama lakhe. Ubaba, ongumnikazi wesitolo, wayengumshayi womculo wasesigodini futhi waba uthisha wokuqala wendodana yakhe. Lapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, umfana wangeniswa e-Milan Conservatory. Lapha Ponchielli wafunda upiyano, ithiyori kanye nokwakheka iminyaka eyishumi nanye (kanye Alberto Mazzucato). Kanye nabanye abafundi abathathu, wabhala i-operetta (1851). Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni, wathatha noma yimuphi umsebenzi - i-oganist esontweni laseSant'Hilario eCremona, umphathi webhendi we-National Guard ePiacenza. Nokho, wayehlale ephupha ngomsebenzi njengomqambi we-opera. I-opera yokuqala kaPonchielli, ethi, The Betrothed, esekelwe kunoveli edumile yombhali omkhulu wase-Italy wekhulu le-1872, u-Alessandro Manzoni, yadlalwa endaweni yangakubo yaseCremona lapho umbhali wayo engakaweli umkhawulo weminyaka engamashumi amabili. Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa eyalandela, kwadlalwa amanye ama-opera amabili, kodwa impumelelo yokuqala yafika ngo-1874 kuphela, ngohlelo olusha lwe-The Betrothed. Ngo-XNUMX, amaLithuanians asekelwe enkondlweni ethi Konrad Wallenrod yothando lwasePoland u-Adam Mickiewicz abona ukukhanya kosuku, ngonyaka olandelayo kwenziwa Umnikelo kaCantata Donizetti, kwathi ngemva konyaka kwavela uGioconda, okwaletha umlobi ukunqoba kwangempela.

U-Ponchielli uphendule ngokushona kwabadlali besikhathi sakhe abakhulu ngezingoma ze-orchestra: njengo-Verdi ku-Requiem, uhloniphe inkumbulo kaManzoni ("Funeral Elegy" kanye "nomngcwabo"), kamuva uGaribaldi ("Triumphal Hymn"). Ngawo-1880, uPonchielli wathola ukuqashelwa okubanzi. Ngo-1880, wabamba isikhundla sokuba uprofesa wokwakheka eMilan Conservatory, ngemva konyaka, isikhundla sebhendi of the Cathedral of Santa Maria Maggiore e Bergamo, futhi ngo-1884 wathola isimemo St. Lapha uzothola ukwamukelwa ngentshiseko mayelana nemikhiqizo ye "Gioconda" ne "Lithuanians" (ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Aldona"). Ku-opera yokugcina, uMarion Delorme (1885), uPonchielli futhi, njengaseLa Gioconda, waphendukela emdlalweni kaVictor Hugo, kodwa impumelelo yangaphambili ayizange iphindwe.

UPonchielli washona ngoJanuwari 16, 1886 eMilan.

A. Koenigsberg

Ukwakhiwa:

ama-opera – Savoyarka (La savoiarda, 1861, tr “Concordia”, Cremona; 2nd ed. – Lina, 1877, tr “Dal Verme”, Milan), Roderich, inkosi isilungile (Roderico, re dei Goti, 1863 , tr “Comunale ”, Piacenza), Lithuanians (I lituani, isekelwe enkondlweni ethi “Konrad Wallenrod” kaMickiewicz, 1874, tr “La Scala”, Milan; new ed. – Aldona, 1884, Mariinsky tr, Petersburg), Gioconda (1876, La Inxanxathela yezitolo yaseScala, eMilan), iValencian Moors (I mori di Valenza, 1879, yaqedwa ngu-A. Cadore, 1914, Monte Carlo), Prodigal Son (Il figliuol prodigo, 1880, t -r “La Scala”, Milan), Marion Delorme (1885, ibid.); amabhalethi – Twins (Le due gemelle, 1873, La Scala shopping mall, Milan), Clarina (1873, Dal Verme shopping mall, Milan); i-cantata - K Gaetano Donizetti (1875); ye-orchestra - May 29 (29 Maggio, imashi yomngcwabo yokukhumbula u-A. Manzoni, 1873), Ihubo lokukhumbula uGaribaldi (Sulla tomba di Garibaldi, 1882), njll; umculo wokomoya, ezothando, njll.