Evgeny Semenovich Mikeladze (Mikeladze, Evgeny) |

Mikeladze, Evgeny

Umqhubi weSoviet, u-Honored Art Worker we-SSR yaseGeorgia (1936). U-Evgeny Mikeladze waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe ozimele wokudala iminyaka embalwa kuphela. Kodwa ithalente lakhe lalilikhulu, namandla akhe ayevutha kangangokuthi ngisho engazange afinyelele phezulu, wakwazi ukushiya uphawu olungenakucimeka esikweni lethu lomculo. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isiteji, uMikeladze wadlula esikoleni esihle - okokuqala e-Tbilisi, lapho edlala khona ku-orchestra yomoya kanye ne-symphony, bese e-Leningrad Conservatory, lapho othisha bakhe kwakunguN. Malko no-A. Gauk. E-Conservatory Opera Studio, lo mculi wenza iculo lakhe lokuqala njengomqhubi we-Tsar's Bride. Ngokushesha umfundi uMikeladze waba nelungelo lokuqhuba kusihlwa ngesikhathi seminyaka eyishumi yombuso waseSoviet eGeorgia, owawuseMoscow, eHholo Lamakholomu. Umculi ngokwakhe ubize lo mcimbi ngokuthi "impumelelo yakhe yokuqala" ...

Ekwindla ka-1930, uMikeladze waqala ukuma endaweni yesikhulumi se-Tbilisi Opera House, ebambe (ngekhanda!) Ukuzilolonga okuvulekile kukaCarmen. Ngonyaka olandelayo, wamiswa njengombhidisi weqembu, futhi eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ngemva kokushona kuka-I. Paliashvili, waba umlandeli wakhe njengomqondisi wezobuciko waseshashalazini. Umsebenzi omusha ngamunye womqhubi waphenduka waba umcimbi obalulekile, ophakamisa izinga lemidlalo yaseshashalazini. "Don Pasquale", "Othello", "Aida", "Samson and Lalila", "Boris Godunov", "Faust", "Prince Igor", "Eugene Onegin", "Tosca", "Troubadour", "The Tsar's Bride ” , “Shota Rustaveli” … Lezi izigaba zomsebenzi weciko eminyakeni eyisithupha nje kuphela. Ake sengeze ukuthi ngo-1936, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe, i-ballet yokuqala yaseGeorgia ethi "Mzechabuki" kaM. Balanchivadze yadlalwa, futhi phakathi neminyaka eyishumi yobuciko baseGeorgia eMoscow (1837), uMikeladze wenza ukukhiqizwa okukhazimulayo kwamaparele e-opera yakudala kazwelonke - “Abesaloma and Eteri” kanye “Daisi”.

Umsebenzi ku-opera ulethe ukuthandwa okubanzi komculi hhayi kuphela phakathi kwabalaleli, kodwa naphakathi kozakwabo. Wabamba wonke umuntu ngentshiseko yakhe, wanqoba ngethalente, i-erudition kanye ne-charm yomuntu siqu, inhloso. “Mikeladze,” kubhala umlobi wokuphila kwakhe nomngane wakhe uG. Taktakishvili, “yonke into yayingaphansi komqondo womculo womsebenzi, idrama yomculo, nesithombe somculo. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi esebenza ku-opera, akazange azivale kuphela emculweni, kodwa wangena ohlangothini lwesiteji, ekuziphatheni kwabalingisi.

Izici ezinhle kakhulu zethalente lomculi nazo zabonakala ngesikhathi ecula ekhonsathini. UMikeladze akazange abekezelele ama-clichés lapha, ethelela wonke umuntu oseduze kwakhe nomoya wokusesha, umoya wokudala. Inkumbulo emangalisayo, eyamvumela ukuba abambe ngekhanda amaphuzu ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngendaba yamahora, ubulula nokucaca kokuthinta komzimba, ikhono lokuqonda uhlobo lokwakheka nokwembula kulo uhla olukhulu lokuqhathanisa okunamandla nemibala ehlukahlukene - lezi. kwakuyizici zomqhubi. U-G. Taktakishvili uyabhala: “Ukushwibeka okukhululekile, okucace ngokwedlulele, ukunyakaza kwepulasitiki, ukugqama kwawo wonke umzimba wakhe ozacile, othambile futhi oguquguqukayo kwavusa ukunaka kwezilaleli futhi kwasiza ekuqondeni ayefuna ukukusho,” kubhala uG. Taktakishvili. Zonke lezi zici zabonakaliswa ku-repertoire ebanzi, lapho umqhubi wenza khona kokubili edolobheni lakubo naseMoscow, eLeningrad nakwezinye izikhungo zezwe. Phakathi abaqambi bakhe abathandayo kukhona Wagner, Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Beethoven, Borodin, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Stravinsky. Umdwebi uhlale ekhuthaza umsebenzi wabalobi baseGeorgia - 3. Paliashvili, D. Arakishvili, G. Kiladze, Sh. Taktakishvili, I. Tuskia nabanye.

Ithonya likaMikeladze kuzo zonke izici zokuphila komculo waseGeorgia lalilikhulu kakhulu. Akazange nje akhulise i-opera house, kodwa futhi wadala i-orchestra entsha ye-symphony, ikhono layo elaziswa ngokushesha ngabaqhubi abavelele kakhulu emhlabeni. UMikeladze wafundisa ikilasi eliqhuba e-Tbilisi Conservatory, waqondisa i-orchestra yabafundi, futhi wadlala imidlalo e-Choreographic Studio. "Injabulo yokusungula kanye nenjabulo yokuqeqesha amandla amasha kwezobuciko" - yile ndlela asichaza ngayo isiqubulo sakhe sempilo. Futhi wahlala ethembekile kuye kwaze kwaba sekupheleni.

Lit.: GM Taktakishvili. Evgeny Mikeladze. Tbilisi, 1963.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek