UFranz von Suppé |
Franz von Soup
USuppe ungumsunguli we-operetta yase-Austrian. Emsebenzini wakhe, uhlanganisa ezinye zezimpumelelo ze-French operetta (Offenbach) namasiko obuciko bomdabu base-Viennese kuphela - i-singspiel, "i-magic farce". Umculo kaSuppe uhlanganisa ingoma emnandi yomlingiswa wase-Italy, umdanso wase-Viennese, ikakhulukazi isigqi se-waltz. Ama-operetta akhe aphawuleka ngomdlalo wawo womculo othuthuke ngendlela exakile, ukubonakaliswa okucacile kwabalingisi, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezisondela ku-operatic.
UFranz von Suppe - igama lakhe langempela nguFrancesco Zuppe-Demelli - wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 18, 1819 edolobheni laseDalmatian iSpalato (manje iSplit, Yugoslavia). Okhokho bakhe babengabafuduki abavela eBelgium, abahlala edolobheni lase-Italy iCremona. Uyise wasebenza eSpalato njengokhomishana wesifunda futhi ngo-1817 washada nomdabu waseVienna, uKatharina Landdowska. UFrancesco waba yindodana yabo yesibili. Kakade esemncane, wabonisa ithalenta elivelele lomculo. Udlale umtshingo, kusukela eneminyaka eyishumi waqamba izingcezu ezilula. Lapho eneminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa, uSuppe wabhala iMisa, futhi ngemva konyaka, i-opera yakhe yokuqala, eVirginia. Ngalesi sikhathi, uhlala e-Vienna, lapho athuthela nonina ngo-1835, ngemva kokushona kukayise. Lapha ufunda no-S. Zechter kanye no-I. Seyfried, kamuva uhlangana nomqambi odumile wase-Italy u-G. Donizetti futhi usebenzisa iseluleko sakhe.
Kusukela ngo-1840, uZuppe ubesebenza njengomqhubi nomqambi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini eVienna, ePressburg (manje eyiBratislava), e-Odenburg (manje eyiSopron, eHungary), eBaden (eduze kwaseVienna). Ubhala inqwaba yomculo wemidlalo ehlukahlukene, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile uphendukela kumafomu amakhulu omculo nemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1847, kwavela i-opera yakhe ethi The Girl in the Village, ngo-1858 - Isigaba Sesithathu. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uZuppe wenza i-debut yakhe njengomqambi we-operetta nge-operetta yesenzo esisodwa ethi The Boarding House. Kuze kube manje, lokhu kuwukuhlola kuphela ipeni, njengeNdlovukazi ye-Spades (1862), elandela. Kodwa i-operetta eyodwa yesenzo esisodwa se-operetta ethi Ten Brides and Not a Groom (1862) yaletha udumo lomqambi eYurophu. I-operetta elandelayo, ethi The Merry Schoolchildren (1863), isuselwe ngokuphelele ezingomeni zabafundi base-Viennese futhi ngaleyo ndlela iwuhlobo lwe-manifesto yesikole sase-Viennese operetta. Bese kuba khona operettas La Belle Galatea (1865), Light Cavalry (1866), Fatinica (1876), Boccaccio (1879), Dona Juanita (1880), Gascon (1881), Hearty friend” (1882), “Sailors in the izwe lakubo" (1885), "Handsome Man" (1887), "Ukufuna injabulo" (1888).
Imisebenzi engcono kakhulu ka-Zuppe, eyakhiwe phakathi neminyaka emihlanu, i-Fatinica, i-Boccaccio kanye no-Doña Juanita. Nakuba umqambi njalo esebenza ngokucabangela, ngokucophelela, esikhathini esizayo wayengeke esakwazi ukukhuphukela ezingeni lalawa ma-operetta akhe amathathu.
Esebenza njengomqhubi cishe kwaze kwaba sezinsukwini zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe, uSuppe wabhala cishe umculo awukho eminyakeni yakhe ewohlokayo. Wafa ngoMeyi 21, 1895 eVienna.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe kukhona ama-operetta angamashumi amathathu nanye, iMisa, i-Requiem, ama-cantata amaningana, i-symphony, ama-overtures, ama-quartet, ama-romance nama-choir.
L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich
