Garri Kasparov - Internet Chess

 UGarry kasparov - Ingqwele yomhlaba yeshumi nantathu omunye wamakhosi amakhulu. Waduma ngomdlalo wakhe ne-IBM Deep Blue super computer. Ngo-1996, umkhulu waseRussia wawina, kodwa wehlulwa emncintiswaneni ngemva konyaka.

UGarry kasparov  1985-1993

 Waqala ukudlala i-chess esemncane, abazali bakhe banginikeza izinkinga ze-chess okufanele ngizixazulule. Lapho eneminyaka emihlanu, uGarri Kasparov waqala ukuya esigabeni se-chess sePalace of Pioneers e-Baku. Kusukela ngo-1973 waba umfundi Chess School of owayeyingqwele emhlabeni Mikhail Botvinnik, lapho amukelwa ngokutusa umqeqeshi wakhe Nikitin.

Izimpumelelo i-chess Garriego Kasparov

 Esikoleni sikaBotvinnik, umqeqeshi wakhe kwakunguMakogonov, owamsiza ukuba athuthukise amakhono okuma futhi wamfundisa ukudlala ekuvikeleni i-Caro-Kann kanye ne-System of the Queen's Gambit Rejected.

 UKasparov wawina iSoviet Junior Championship eTbilisi ngo-1976 iminyaka engu-13. Wakuphinda lokhu ngonyaka olandelayo. 

 Waqale wafanelekela umqhudelwano we-Soviet chess eneminyaka engu-15 ngo-1978, engumdlali omncane kunabo bonke owake waba ngumdlali kuleli zinga. 

 Ngo-1980, uGarri Kasparov wawina I-Junior World Chess Championship eDortmund.

Garry Kasparov Master Umhlaba

 Umdlalo wokuqala wompetha bomhlaba phakathi kukaKasparov no-Anatoly Karpov waba ngo-1984 futhi bekuwumdlalo wokuqala womqhudelwano womhlaba ongaphumelelanga. umdlalo uphazanyiswe yi-FIDE ngenxa yobude bayo bemidlalo engama-46.

Umdlalo wesibili phakathi kukaKarpov noKasparov ngo-1985 wawuseMoscow. I-duel yahlelelwa imidlalo engu-24, uma kwenzeka kudonsa, umpetha wamanje, u-Anatoly Karpov, uba ngumpetha.  UGarri Kasparov uthole isicoco nge umphumela 13-11ngokuwina umdlalo wokugcina walo mqhudelwano ngokudlala ezimnyama. Emdlalweni wokugcina, udlale umdlalo wokuvikela waseSicily.

Unqobe ubuqhawe eneminyaka engu-22, okumenza waba umpetha womhlaba wechess omncane kunabo bonke emlandweni. 

Hlukanisa w izwe i-chess

Ngo-1993, olunye uchungechunge lwemiqhudelwano ye-FIDE lwakhetha umuntu ozongenela umqhudelwano womhlaba noGarri Kasparov. Imidlalo yokuhlunga inqotshwe nguNigel Short wase-England. UKasparov noShort abanelisekile ngezimo iFIDE ebifuna ukusingatha ngayo umdlalo. Banqume ukukhipha lo mdlalo endaweni ye-FIDE. UKasparov wasungula i-Professional Chess Association (PCA) futhi wamnikeza imithombo emihle yezimali. U-Kasparov no-Short badlale umdlalo oxhaswe kahle e-London. Umdlalo uphele ngokunqoba okulula kukaKasparov. Ngokuziphindiselela, i-FIDE yabakhipha bobabili abadlali be-chess futhi yahlela umdlalo phakathi kuka-Jan Timman (ohlulwe ngu-Short emdlalweni wokugcina wabazenzisi) nalowo owayengumpetha womhlaba uKarpov, owanqoba umdlalo. Kwakuwukuhlukaniswa okukhulu emlandweni we-chess, iminyaka engu-13 womabili amathrendi ayekhetha “ababo” ompetha bomhlaba. Kungakho kunezinombolo ezehlukene zompetha bomhlaba wechess. 

 UKasparov wasivikela isicoco sakhe ngo-1995 ngemuva komdlalo neViswanathan Anand ngaphambi kokuwa kwePCA. U-Garri Kasparov udlale omunye umdlalo wobuqhawe no-Kramnik ngaphansi kombono wenhlangano entsha ebizwa ngokuthi i-Braingmes.com. Umdlalo wenzeka ngo-2000 eLondon futhi waletha isimanga esikhulu. U-Kramnik ozilungiselele kahle unqobe imidlalo emibili ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. Ngokokuqala ngqa eminyakeni eyishumi nesithupha, uGarri Kasparov waphucwa isicoco somhlaba emdlalweni. Ngemva kokulahlekelwa isicoco, uKasparov wawina uchungechunge lwemiqhudelwano ebalulekile futhi wahlala engumdlali osezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni.

Izimpumelelo

U-Garri Kasparov wayengumdlali wokuqala we-chess emlandweni ukwephula iphuzu lokulinganisa lama-2800. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe lalingoJulayi 1, 1999, enamaphuzu angama-2851, wabe esesendaweni yokuqala ohlwini lomhlaba.

Wazalwa ngo-April 13, 1963 e-Baku

Umthombo: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garry_Kasparov