UGeorge Sebastian |

UGeorge Sebastian

Umqhubi ongumFulentshi wemvelaphi yesiHungary. Abathandi bomculo asebekhulile abaningi bamkhumbula kahle uGeorg Sebastian kusukela ekudlaleni kwakhe e-USSR eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu. Iminyaka eyisithupha (1931-1937) wasebenza ezweni lakithi, waqhuba i-orchestra ye-All-Union Radio, wanikeza amakhonsathi amaningi, wenza ama-opera ekhonsathini. AmaMuscovites akhumbula uFidelio, uDon Giovanni, uMtshingo Womlingo, Ukuthunjwa kweSeraglio, Umshado kaFigaro ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe. Khrennikov kanye ne-First Suite "Romeo noJuliet" ngu-S. Prokofiev.

Ngaleso sikhathi, uSebastian wakhangwa uthando olwadluliselwa kubaculi, amandla ashisekayo, ukufakwa kukagesi kwezincazelo zakhe, kanye nomfutho okhuthazayo. Lena kwakuyiminyaka lapho isitayela sobuciko somculi sasisanda kwakhiwa, nakuba wayesenesikhathi eside somsebenzi ozimele ngemuva kwakhe.

USebastian wazalelwa eBudapest futhi waphothula e-Academy of Music lapha ngo-1921 njengomqambi nomshayi wopiyano; abeluleki bakhe kwakunguB. Bartok, 3. Kodai, L. Weiner. Kodwa-ke, ingoma ayizange ibe ubizo lomculi, wahlabeka umxhwele ngokucula; waya eMunich, lapho athatha khona izifundo kuBruno Walter, ambiza ngokuthi "uthisha wakhe omkhulu", waba ngumsizi wakhe endlini ye-opera. Khona-ke uSebastian wavakashela eNew York, wasebenza eMetropolitan Opera njengomsizi womqhubi, futhi ebuyela eYurophu, wema endlini ye-opera - okokuqala eHamburg (1924-1925), kwase kuba eLeipzig (1925-1927) futhi, ekugcineni, Berlin (1927-1931). Khona-ke umqhubi waya eSoviet Russia, lapho asebenza khona iminyaka eyisithupha ...

Ekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu, izinkambo eziningi zase zilethe udumo kuSebastian. Esikhathini esizayo, umculi wasebenza isikhathi eside e-United States, futhi ngo-1940-1945 wahola Pennsylvania Symphony Orchestra. Ngo-1946 wabuyela eYurophu futhi wazinza eParis, waba omunye wabaqhubi abahamba phambili be-Grand Opera ne-Opera Comic. USebastian usavakasha kakhulu, ecula cishe kuzo zonke izikhungo zomculo zezwekazi. Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, wazuza udumo njengomhumushi ohlakaniphile wemisebenzi ye-Romantics, kanye ne-opera yesiFulentshi nomculo we-symphony. Indawo ebalulekile emsebenzini wakhe ithathwa ukusebenza kwemisebenzi yomculo waseRussia, kokubili kwe-symphonic kanye ne-operatic. E-Paris, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe, u-Eugene Onegin, iNdlovukazi ye-Spades namanye ama-opera aseRussia adlalwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, uhla lwe-conductor lubanzi kakhulu futhi luhlanganisa inani elikhulu lemisebenzi emikhulu ye-symphonic, ikakhulukazi abaqambi bekhulu lesi-XNUMX.

Ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha, izinkambo zikaSebastian ziphinde zamletha e-USSR. Umqhubi wenza ngempumelelo enkulu eMoscow nakwamanye amadolobha. Ulwazi lwakhe ngolimi lwesiRashiya lwamsiza emsebenzini wakhe we-orchestra. "Sibone uSebastian wangaphambili," kubhala umgxeki, "unethalente, othanda umculo, oshisekayo, othukuthele, izikhathi zokuqeda ukuzikhohlwa, futhi kanye nalokhu (ngokwengxenye ngenxa yalesi sizathu) - ongalinganiseli futhi ethukile." Ababuyekezi baqaphele ukuthi ubuciko bukaSebastian, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusha, bujula futhi buphelele kakhulu phakathi neminyaka, futhi lokhu kwamvumela ukuba azuze abalandeli abasha ezweni lakithi.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, ngo-1969