Gian Francesco Malipiero |

UGian Francesco Malipiero

Uzalelwe emndenini wabaculi. Kusukela eneminyaka engu-9 wafunda ukudlala i-violin. Ngo-1898-99 waya e-Vienna Conservatory (izifundo zokuvumelana). Kusukela ngo-1899 wafundela ukuqamba nokuqhuba no-ME Bossi eMusical Lyceum B. Marcello eVenice, wase eMusical Lyceum e-Bologna (wathweswa iziqu ngo-1904). Ngokuzimela wafunda umsebenzi wamakhosi ase-Italy asendulo. Ngo-1908-09 waya ezifundweni zikaM. Bruch eBerlin. Ngo-1921-24 wafundisa e-Conservatory. A. Boito eParma (ithiyori yomculo), ngo-1932-53 uprofesa (isigaba sokuqamba; kusukela ngo-1940 futhi engumqondisi) we-Conservatory. B. Marcello eVenice. Phakathi kwabafundi bakhe kukhona uL. Nono, B. Maderna.

I-Malipiero ingomunye wabaqambi abakhulu base-Italy bekhulu lama-20. Ungumnikazi wemisebenzi yezinhlobo ezahlukene. Wathonywa yi-French Impressionists, kanye no-NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Umsebenzi kaMalipiero uhlukaniswa ngumlingiswa kazwelonke ogqamile (ukuthembela emasikweni amadala ase-Italy), kanye nokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezindlela zomculo zesimanje. I-Malipiero ibe nesandla ekuvuselelweni komculo wezinsimbi wase-Italy ngendlela entsha. Wenqaba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-thematic okungaguquki, wakhetha ukuqhathanisa kwe-mosaic yeziqephu ngazinye. Kuphela kweminye imisebenzi kusetshenziswa amasu we-dodecaphone; I-Malipiero yayiphikisana nezinhlelo ze-avant-garde. I-Malipiero inamathelisa ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuvezweni komculo kanye nokwethulwa okuthuthukisiwe kokuqukethwe, walwela ukwenza kube lula nokuphelela kwefomu.

Waba negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ishashalazi yomculo yase-Italy. Emiculweni yakhe eminingi (ngaphezu kuka-30), evame ukubhalelwa ama-librettos akhe, kubusa imizwa yokungabi nathemba.

Ezincwadini ezimbalwa ezisekelwe ezihlokweni zasendulo (u-Euripides, W. Shakespeare, C. Goldoni, P. Calderon, nezinye), umqambi unqoba imfihlakalo yakhe eyisici. U-Malipiero futhi wayengumcwaningi, uchwepheshe kanye nomgqugquzeli womculo wokuqala wase-Italy. Wahola i-Italian Institute of Antonio Vivaldi (eSiena). Ngaphansi kokuhlelwa kweMalipiero, imisebenzi eqoqwe kaC. Monteverdi (ama-vols. 1-16, 1926-42), A. Vivaldi, isebenza nguG. Tartini, G. Gabrieli nabanye.

MM Yakovlev

Ukwakhiwa:

ama-opera – Canossa (1911, post. 1914, Costanzi Theatre, Rome), The Dream of Autumn Sunset (Songo d'un tramonto d'autunno, after G. D'Annunzio, 1914), the Orpheid trilogy (Death of masks – La morte delle maschere; Izingoma eziyisikhombisa - Seite canzoni; Orpheus, noma Iculo Lesishiyagalombili - Orfeo ovvero l'ottava canzone, 1919-22, post. 1925, Dusseldorf), Filomela futhi wathakathwa nguye (Filomela e l'infatuato, 1925, post. Ngo-1928, i-German Theatre, ePrague ), amahlaya amathathu kaGoldoni (Tre comemedie Goldoniane: Coffee House – La bottega da caffé, Signor Todero-Bruzga – Sior Todaro brontolon, Chiogin skirmishes – Le baruffe chiozzotte; 1926, Hesse Operat House, Darm), Umqhudelwano (Torneo notturno, 7 stage nocturnes, 1929, post. 1931, National Theatre, Munich), Venetian mystery trilogy (Il mistero di Venezia: Izikhozi ze-Aquile – Le aquile di Aquileia, Lzhearlekin – Il finto Arlecchino, Mark Ravens of St. - I corvi di San Marco, i-ballet, 1925-29, post. 1932, Coburg), Inganekwane YeNdodana Engu-Foundling (La favola del figliocombiato, ngo-1933, okuthunyelwe. 1934, Br aunschweig), Julius Caesar (ngokukaW. Shakespeare, 1935, post. 1936, yaseshashalazini “Carlo Felice”, Genoa), Antony and Cleopatra (ngokukaShakespeare, 1938, yaseshashalazini “Comunale”, Florence), Hecuba ( Ecuba, ngemva kwe-Euripides, 1939, post. 1941, ithiyetha “Opera”, Rome), Merry company (L'allegra brigata, 6 short stories, 1943, post. 1950, La Scala Theatre, Milan), Heavenly and Hellish Worlds (Mondi celesti e infernali, 1949, Spanish 1950, emsakazweni, okuthunyelwe. 1961, ithiyetha ” Fenice, Venice), Donna Urraca (ngemuva P. Merime, 1954, Tr Donizetti, Bergamo), uCaptain Siavento (1956, post. 1963, San I-Carlo Theatre, eNaples), uVenus othunjiwe (Venere prigioniera, 1956 , post. 1957, Florence), Don Giovanni (izigcawu ezi-4 ngemuva kwePushkin's Stone Guest, 1963, Naples), prude Tartuffe (1966), Metamorphoses of Bonaventure (1966), Heroes kaBonaventure (1968, post. 1969, yaseshashalazini "Piccola Scala ", Milan), Iscariot (1971) nabanye; amabhalethi – Panthea (1919, post. 1949, Vienna), Masquerade of the Captive Princess (La mascherata delle principesse prigioniere, 1924, Brussels), New World (El mondo novo, 1951), Stradivarius (1958, Dortmund); cantatas, izimfihlakalo nezinye izingoma zezwi nezinsimbi; ye-orchestra - 11 ama-symphonies (1933, 1936, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1947, 1948, 1950, 1951, 1967, 1970), Okuvelayo okuvela emvelweni (Impressionni dal vero, 3 umjikelezo 1910, ukuphumula oku-1915, ukuphumula oku-1922 del silenzio, imijikelezo emi-2, 1917, 1926), Armenia (1917), Passacaglia (1952), Iphupho Lansuku zonke (Fantasie di ogni giorno, 1951); Izingxoxo (Nombolo 1, noManuel de Falla, 1956), njll.; amakhonsathi ne-orchestra -5 kwefp. (1934, 1937, 1948, 1950, 1958), ngo-2 fp. (1957), 2 ka-Skr. (1932, 1963), ye-wl. (1937), ye-Skr., Vlch. kanye fp. (1938), Izinguquko ezingenazo itimu yepiyano. (1923); ama-ensembles wezinsimbi zegumbi - 7 izintambo. ama-quartets, njll.; izingcezu zepiyano; ezothando; umculo wedrama yaseshashalazini nesinema.

Imisebenzi yemibhalo: I-orchestra, i-Bologna, ngo-1920; Ithiyetha, e-Bologna, ngo-1920; Claudio Monteverdi, Mil., 1929; Stravinsky, Venice, [1945]; U-Cossн uhamba emhlabeni [автобиография], Mil., 1946; I-labyrinth evumelanayo, iMil., 1946; Antonio Vivaldi, [Mil., 1958].