Gregorio Allegri |

Gregorio Allegri

I-Allegri. Miserere mei, Deus (The Choir of New College, Oxford)

Omunye wezingcweti ezinkulu ze-polyphony yamazwi yase-Italy yengxenye yokuqala yekhulu le-1. Umfundi we-JM Panin. Wakhonza njenge-chori emasontweni amakhulu aseFermo naseTivoli, lapho azibonakalisa khona njengomqambi. Ekupheleni kuka-1629 wangena ekwayeni yamapapa eRoma, lapho akhonza khona kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, esethole isikhundla somholi wawo ngo-1650.

Ikakhulu u-Allegri wayebhala umculo emibhalweni yezenkolo yesiLatini ehlotshaniswa nomkhuba wokukhulekela. Ifa lakhe lokudala libuswa izingoma zephimbo ze-polyphonic i-cappella (izixuku ezi-5, ama-motets angaphezu kwama-20, i-Te Deum, njll.; ingxenye ebalulekile - yamakwaya amabili). Kuzo, umqambi ubonakala njengomlandeli wamasiko asePalestrina. Kodwa u-Allegri wayengeyena owehlukile emikhubeni yezikhathi zanamuhla. Lokhu, ikakhulukazi, kufakazelwa amaqoqo angu-1618 ezingoma zakhe ezincane uma kuqhathaniswa ezanyatheliswa eRoma ngo-1619-2 “ngesitayela sekhonsathi” yakhe yangaleso sikhathi samazwi angu-2-5, ahambisana ne-basso continuo. Umsebenzi owodwa wezinsimbi owenziwe ngu-Allegri nawo ulondolozwe - "i-Symphony" yamazwi angu-4, u-A. Kircher acaphuna encwadini yakhe edumile ethi "Musurgia universalis" (Rome, 1650).

Njengomqambi wesonto, u-Allegri wayejabulela udumo olukhulu hhayi nje kuphela phakathi kozakwabo, kodwa naphakathi kwabefundisi abaphakeme. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngo-1640, mayelana nokubuyekezwa kwemibhalo yenkonzo eyenziwa uPapa Urban VIII, nguye owathunywa ukuba enze uhlelo olusha lomculo wezingoma zasePalestrina, ezisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo emisebenzini yenkonzo. U-Allegri ubhekane ngempumelelo nalo msebenzi onesibopho. Kodwa wazitholela udumo oluthile ngokuculela ihubo lama-50 elithi “Miserere mei, Deus” (mhlawumbe lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1638), okwaze kwaba ngu-1870 ngokwesiko lenziwa eKhathedrali iSt. Ingoma ka-Allegri ethi “Miserere” yayibhekwa njengesampula yomculo ongcwele weSonto LamaKatolika, yayiyindawo ekhethekile yekwaya yopapa futhi isikhathi eside yayikhona embhalweni wesandla kuphela. Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-1770, kwakungavunyelwe ngisho nokulikopisha. Kodwa-ke, abanye bayibambe ngekhanda ngendlebe (indaba edume kakhulu ukuthi u-WA ​​Mozart osemncane wakwenza kanjani lokhu ngesikhathi ehlala eRoma ngo-XNUMX).